“A Comparative Study on the Effect of Deep Transverse Friction Massage and Ultrasound in Reducing Pain in Plantar Fasciitis”
Dr, Manoj Kumar Mathur, Dr. Ajeet Saharan, Dr. Shantanu Sharma, Dr. Anuja Choudhary, Dr Hari Narayan Saini
Background: Inflammation of the fascia that covers the plantar area and the tissues around it is known as plantar fasciitis. The main reason for discomfort in the heel, which is found near the base of the foot, is plantar fasciitis. The pain and suffering linked to this illness can significantly affect physical mobility. The cause of this illness is not well known and is likely to be influenced by multiple factors.1This is a frequently occurring injury caused by over use.2The terms "jogger's heel," "tennis heel," and "policeman's heel" are other names for plantar fasciitis.The measurement is 4 feet and 5 inches. This study seeks to assess the advantages of 2 therapeutic approaches, DTFM and ultrasound method and it would be advantageous to compare their effectiveness in order to determine which technique is more suitable for relieving pain in patients with Plantar fasciitis. Method: This interventional study was conducted on a sample of 30 individuals who met the inclusion criteria for plantar fasciitis. Regarding the condition of plantar fasciitis. This study included 30 individuals who were randomly assigned to two groups. Each group consisted of 15 subjects. Subjects in Group A received Deep transverse friction treatment, Those in the B group were treated with ultrasound. Both groups were evaluated for pain using a VAS. The pretreatment visual analog scale (VAS) score was recorded prior to administering the treatment during all six sessions.The after treatment VAS rating was evaluated after each of the 6 sessions of therapy. Result: In the intergroup analysis, Group A has a mean rank of 8 and a total of ranks (R1) equal to 138.50. On the other hand, Group B has a mean rank of 8 and a sum of ranks (R2) equal to 300. The Mann- Whitney U test yielded a value of 165.0 and a matching value for P equal 0.0015.This P value indicates statistical significance, as it is less than the predetermined threshold of 0.0015. The analysis demonstrates that Group B (Ultrasound) is superior to Group A (Deep transverse friction) in alleviating pain. Conclusion: This study concludes that Ultrasound is more efficacious than DTFM in relieving the pain caused by plantar fasciitis. Both groups had a reduction in pain levels during the treatment session. Specifically, Group B saw a significant reduction in pain immediately following the therapy. Ultrasound is a useful therapy for treating pain in persons with plantar fasciitis.
Analysis of Constructivist Learning Management and Scholastic Satisfaction of Secondary Students in a Hyflex Learning Modality
Thea P. Suaco, Elvira Christiana L. Sta Maria
Following the conclusion of the Covid-19 pandemic as a public health crisis, the Department of Education has recognized the importance of reintroducing face-to-face classes in a gradual manner. This decision aims to enhance the academic growth and overall well-being of learners. The primary objective of this research was to assess the level of agreement among high school students regarding the concept of constructivist learning, as well as their satisfaction with their academic progress. This evaluation took place within the Hyflex learning environment at UB Science High School.This research study is highly relevant and responsive to local development as it specifically addresses the current needs of the educational sector.It aims to enhance and strengthen new procedures that are being implemented to achieve the utmost attainment of SDG 4. The sample size for this study consisted of 408 respondents who were chosen through random sampling, in accordance with the cross-sectional research design. The findings of this study are significant and indicate that students strongly agree that communication, interaction, building relationships, developing skills, managing time, evaluating performance, and teaching and learning are all present during the Hyflex modality. This implies that the Hyflex modality provides students with an avenue and freedom to express their thoughts, make decisions, communicate with their teachers and peers, and most importantly, participate in decision-making processes. Furthermore, the data reveals that there is a substantial positive link between teaching and assessment (r=0.78), as well as a moderate correlation between teaching and overall satisfaction (r=0.54) and assessment and overall satisfaction (r=0.54), respectively. These findings suggest that there is sufficient evidence to support the notion that the teaching and assessment methods employed in the school have a direct impact on the overall satisfaction levels of the students.
The Digital Competence of the University of Baguio Pre-service Teachers
Jerrel Panayo , Dean Marc Aguado
The information age demands competencies that respond to an increasingly digitized world. Pre-service teachers are not exempt from this imperative. This study aims to assess the digital competence of pre-service teachers of the University of Baguio across the Digital Competence (DigComp) domains and propose a training program to address identified areas of improvement. Through the descriptive quantitative design, this study assessed the DigComp levels of 68 pre-service teachers via a self-reported DigComp questionnaire. Thefindingsindicate a moderate level of Digital Competence overall, with notable strengths observed in Safety, Information and Data Literacy, Communication and Collaboration. However, areas of improvement were identified in Digital Content Creation and Problem Solving. This study contributes to the gap in the literature on Filipino pre-service teachers’DigComp. The insights from the study served as the foundation for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing pre-service teachers’ digital skills.
Beyond Formal Education: Investigating the Implications of Limited Formal Education of Igbo Apprentices in the Era of Globalization on the Sustainability of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria
Juliet Anuri Onwuchekwa, Chris Chukwuebuka Emeali, Anthony Chukwuma Nwali,Lorna Nnamani
The study examined the impact of lack of formal education of Igbo apprentices on the sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Southeast Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design with a total population of 650 local SMEs engaged in Igbo Apprenticeship Business Model. Census sampling technique was used, which meant that the entire population was used. The study adopted stratified sampling technique to reach out to the different states in the Southeast Region where these local SMEs engage in their various enterprises. Regression analysis was used for data analysis at 5% level of significance. Findings revealed that Lack of Formal Education has a significant negative impact on the Sustainability of SMEs.There should be partnerships between the government, educational institutions, and the private sector to create specialized training centers that offer both formal education and apprenticeship training. These centers should be equipped with modern facilities and staffed by experienced educators and industry professionals to ensure high-quality training of the apprentices.
Educational Value of African Folktales
Ikechukwu Anthony Kanu, PhD
African people are story telling people. And these stories, usually about nature- plants, animals, the other aspects of the environment, are employed in daily conversations to mirror the ideas of the African people and their general outlook of life, conduct and morals. It is such that they carry the traditions, culture and life of the African people- not only as means for the preservation of the African values but also as a means of communicating them to the next generation. This piece attempts at studying the nature of African folktales, its types and educative value. For the achievement of the aim and objectives of this work, the phenomenological and hermeneutic methods of inquiry will be employed. The Igwebuike theoretical framework will be used for the interpretation and understanding of the African reality and its relationships. This research discovered that apart from the African system of education which is tied to roles such as farming, hunting, firewood gathering etc., the African got much more instruction through tales, which has for centuries before the advent of Western education, served as an integrated classroom. It further recommended the employment of African indigenous folktales in educational institutions in Africa, more importantly, at the primary and secondary levels. In this way, the African will be taught within categories that he or she understands and appreciates.
Perceived Dynamics in Economic Environment and Entrepreneurship in Nigeria e
Benjamin Ibe Chukwu, Chia Innocent Igbadoo, Akeem Tunde Nafiu, Tojue Obianuju Grace
This study focused on the economic environment and entrepreneurial development. The study adopted a surveyre search design, where377 participants were randomly selected. Data were gathered and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used descriptive statistics to analyse the demographic characteristics of its participants. Model fit was evaluated using the data in the study, which used a route modelling technique based on the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Among others, findings showed that the unemployment rate has a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial development and that a moderate inflationary rate has a significant positive effect on the market expansionof SMEs. The study recommended that the government establish targeted support programmes that facilitate entrepreneurship education, mentorship, and access to resources for the unemployed population and that policymakers implement measures that mitigate the impact of inflation on SMEs.
Alternative Learning Strategies and Effectiveness of Tertiary Institutions During Covid-19 Pandemic in Kwara State, Nigeria
Atolagbe Adedapo Adetiba (Ph.D.), Lawal Abdbulmumin Abubakar(Ph.D.) , Ojo Olubukola James(Ph.D.) ,Murtala Abdulyaqin .Tukur(Ph.D.) , Oyeniran Saheed(Ph.D.), Tijani, Adebayo Abdulganiyu(Ph.D.)
The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 brings about disruption of academic calendar because of the suspensions placed on schools across the states in the country. In order to bridge the learning gap and prevent further disruption in the academic activities, alternative learning strategies which are digital in nature was introduced. Thus, the study examined alternative learning strategies and effectiveness of tertiary institutions during COVID-19 pandemic in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study was guided by five research objectives. Employing descriptive survey design, the study analysed data gathered from 744 students from University of Ilorin and Kwara State College of Education, Kwara State Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents for this study. The findings of the study among others revealed that the major challenge of alternative learning strategies adoption was the high running of data and subscription cost; the level of effectiveness of tertiary institutions in Kwara State was high; and there was a significant relationship between alternative learning strategies and the effectiveness of tertiary institutions during COVID-19 pandemic in Kwara State, Nigeria.
Novel Ecofriendly Management Tactics of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera Frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize in Jordan
AL-Zyoud, F.A., Alheshoosh, S., Al-Ameiri, N., Samar Shawaqfeh, Hanan Hasan5and Ghabeish, I.H.
Maize, Zea mays L. is one of the most important cereals consumes as grain for human and as forage for animals. Recently, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is becoming a major invasive insect pest causing huge yield losses to maize in much of the world. Therefore, this study aimed at assaying of five different products against the pest. The experiments were conducted at the Southern Ghor Agriculture Directorate, Ghor Al-Safi, Karak, Jordan in 2022. Five commercially available-based products were tested namely; the entomopathogenic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Biocure®), theinsect growth regulator (IGR), pyriproxyfen (ACIPROX 10®), the rapeseed oil (Fytomax PX®), abamectin (Biotrine 10®), and deltamethrin (Delta®). In addition, a 6th treatment was served as a control using only distilled water. For each product (treatment), three different concentrations were evaluated using early and late larvae. The results of application of the five products at the three concentrations indicated that with time post application and with increasing concentration from low to high, there was a significant increase in mortality of both early and late larvae. Furthermore, the overall mortality during all days of the experiment and all treatment concentrations indicated that there were significant differences among the treatments, where the most efficacy treatments were rapeseed oil (82.25%), and abamectin (79.83%), followed by deltamethrin (78.92%), B. thuringiensis (71.25%), and pyriproxyfen (67.42%) for the early larvae, while for the late larvae there were abamectin (81.33%), rapeseed oil (80.83%), and deltamethrin (79.75%), followed by pyriproxyfen (71.00%) and B. thuringiensis (69.17%). As a general trend, the mortality percentage of the early larval instars was higher than those of the late larval instarsof S. frugiperda in the six treatments. This indicated that the early larval instars are more susceptible than the late ones to the treatments.
Retention Factors of Smoking Behaviour among Terengganu’s Youth: Implications for Free Smoking Zone Planning in Coastal City
Mohd Syaiful Nizam Abu Hassan , Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Ahmed Ahmed Olaitan, Paramjit Singh Jamir Singh
Smoking behaviour is considered a social problem that is widely discussed in society as it is a form of violation of the norms of life established in the social system. Smoking habits lead to addiction and harm to health (Sa'ari, et al., 2007). Therefore, they will continue smoking habits as a daily routine and continue to be detrimental to their health (Komasari et al., 2000). The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting smoking behaviour among youth in Terengganu and find out mechanism for free smoking zone planning. Researchers use quantitative techniques to get more accurate answers. The total number of respondents was 437 men who participated in this study and all were from Terengganu. They were asked to complete the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (SCQ) in this study. Researchers use factor analysis to identify the dominant factors in the retention of smoking behaviours and implications for social work. The results show that there are 18 dominant factors that influence smoking retention. The findings from this study can be used and applied to the public to stop smoking behaviour. A healthy society will advance and develop the country (Shafii, 2008).
Factors and Obstacles Affected the Participation of Suburban Youth in Employment: A study in Hulu Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Nur Ain Mohd Zain, Mohd Syaiful Nizam Abu Hassan
The issue of youth employment faces a worldwide predicament. This study discusses the challenging youth unemployment situation in suburban areas of Terengganu. The study strives to explore the vital factors that contribute to these incidents, exploring the socioeconomic dynamics that influence employment opportunities for young adults in suburban areas. This study explores the complex concerns and obstacles that impact the participation of suburban youths in employment, including personal factors, family influence, and environmental effects, from an academic perspective. The study implemented a qualitative methodology, interviewing ten youth informants from Hulu Terengganu, Malaysia. Based on previous research and statistical data, the study provides possible approaches and strategies to diminish unemployment among young people in suburban areas. It aims to promote long-term economic progress and inclusive societal advancement.
An Empirical Study of Drug Use, Smoking and Local Government Policy: An Example of Adolescents in Yunnan Province, China
Bao Meiyu, Mohd Syaiful Nizam Bin Abu Hassan, Ahmed Ahmed Olaitan
Since the beginning of human history, the drug problem has been an important factor affecting the survival and development of human beings. How to prevent the harm brought by drugs is still a long and difficult task we face. Through research, it is found that many drug habits are formed in adolescence, and bad habits at a young age can have a lifelong impact. In addition, Yunnan Province is the most prolific province in China, with the largest number of drug users and the most serious situation.Therefore, this paper will investigate and analyze the causes of drug use among adolescents under 25 years old in Yunnan Province, so as to find out the current situation and characteristics of drug use among adolescents under 25 years old in Yunnan Province in 2023, as well as the causes of drug use, so as to propose a series of countermeasures to prevent the problem of drug use among adolescents.We distributed 100-150 questionnaires in 13 compulsory isolation and community drug treatment facilities in Yunnan Province, and a total of 1083 questionnaires were distributed and 1022 valid questionnaires were returned. In this paper, we will analyze the causes of drug use mainly from two aspects: the smoking status of adolescent drug users, and the local government policy on drug use. The degree of drug use is used as the dependent variable, while every adolescent goes through the student years, so the school environment for drug prevention education is used as the moderating variable.The above data were then analyzed empirically, the results were analyzed and discussed, and finally, specific countermeasures were proposed on how to prevent drug use among adolescents at the individual, school, and government levels, respectively.
Changes in Serum Cardiac Biomarkers Levels of Different Extracts of Terminalia Catappa and Aspirin in Diabetic Rats
Ezekiel E. Ben, Asuquo E. Asuquo, Idowu O. Owemidu, Negedu M. Nafiu, Elizabeth O. Dangana
Background: Myocardial abnormalities silently exist in diabetes mellitus and assessment of some cardiac bio markers are used to achieve early diagnosis and management. Aim: To investigates changes in cardiac biomarkers in diabetic rats treated with different extracts of Terminalia catappa leaves. Method: A total of Fifty-four (54) male Wistar rats were randomly shared into 8 groups of 6 rats per group. Group 1 (control) received 5ml/kg body weight of distilled water orally. Group 2 was treated with aqueous leaf extract of T. catappa at 130mg/Kg body weight orally while Group 3, diabetic untreated group orally received distilled water, 5ml/Kg body weight. Groups 4 and 5 were diabetic rats treated respectively with 130mg/Kg body weight of aqueous leaf extract of T. catappa and subcutaneous administration of insulin, 0.75U/Kg body weight. Group 6 received methanol extract of T. catappa leaf extract; 130mg/Kg body weight, group 7 received ethanol extract of T. catappa leaf extract; 130mg/Kg body weight and group 8 was administered orally with 30 mg/Kg body weight of aspirin. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin; 65 mg/Kg body weight. Results: Increase in CKMB was significant (p < 0.05) while the increase in Troponin, LDH and BNP were marginal in diabetic untreated group. A significant reduction was observed in CKMB and LDH in aqueous extract treated but significant increase in serum levels of Troponin, CKMB, LDH and BNP in ethanol extract, methanol extract and aspirin treated groups. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of T. catappa reduces cardiac biomarkers to ameliorates myocardial injury while ethanol and methanol extracts cause cardio-toxicity in diabetic rats.
Growth of Total Exports and Imports in India and Iraq
Husham Mohammed Khalaf , Prof. G. Nagaraja
The energy trade relation between India and Iraq has witnessed substantial growth and has become an integral part of their bilateral ties. Both countries are major players in the global energy landscape, with India being one of the world's largest energy consumers and Iraq possessing significant oil reserves. India heavily relies on imports to meet its growing energy demands, and Iraq has emerged as one of its key suppliers. Oil forms the backbone of their energy trade, with India importing a significant amount of crude oil from Iraq. The Indian refineries are well-equipped to process the Iraqi crude, making it a mutually beneficial partnership. Over the years, India and Iraq have signed several agreements and memoranda of understanding (MOUs) to further strengthen their energy cooperation. These agreements cover various aspects, including exploration, production, refining, marketing, and investment in the energy sector. Both countries have also collaborated on enhancing oil infrastructure and storage facilities.
Iraq and India Energy Trade
Husham Mohammed Khalaf , Prof. G. Nagaraja
India and Iraq's energy trade relationship has grown significantly and is now a crucial component of their bilateral relations. Iraq has substantial oil reserves, while India is one of the world's biggest energy consumers. Both nations are important participants in the global energy scene. India is becoming more and more dependent on imports to fulfil its expanding energy needs, and one of its main suppliers is now Iraq. Their energy commerce is based primarily on oil, with India importing a sizable amount of crude oil from Iraq. The relationship is advantageous to both parties because the Indian refineries are capable of processing the crude from Iraq. To deepen their energy cooperation, India and Iraq have signed a number of agreements and memorandums of understanding (MOUs) throughout the years. These agreements address a number of topics, such as investment in the energy sector and exploration, production, refining, and marketing. Additionally, both nations have worked together to improve oil storage and infrastructure.
Uses and Gratification of Online Shopping of Youth in India: A Study
Dr. Sewa Singh Bajwa , Mokhalad Ali
Social media has become an insurmountable force in modern society. More than half the global population uses social media. An average person spends more than two hours on it every day. It can be said that it has altered our lives and life styles. It has given us new ways to get connected. On social media we come together and stay connected. It is a media of self expression. Basically it is the community interaction among people in which they virtually live. They create and share information and ideas in these virtual communities. It has become the basic need of human beings. It has greatly satisfied the need of human beings to be social. It has given us new ways to stay connected. It is a wonderful medium of self expression. It has changed our relationships and our thinking style. People depend too much on social media. There is trend of online shopping everywhere. There are advertisements on social media sites. They give information regarding products and make people buy them. Marketers spread messages on social media. People see the advertisements. They purchase the items they need. Experts say that social media advertisements affect youth more than other people. This research work studies the uses and gratification of online shopping of the youth of Punjab state of India which is known to be the most developed and prosperous Indian state.
Unveiling the Role of Indigenous Women Leaders in Odishas Political Landscape: Challenges, Strategies, and Impact
Sudama Lenka , Dr. Dipak Kumar Dash
This paper explores the multifaceted role of indigenous women leaders in shaping Odisha's political landscape, focusing on the challenges they encounter, the strategies they employ, and the impact of their leadership on indigenous communities and broader society. Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, case studies, and empirical data, the paper examines the unique challenges faced by indigenous women leaders, including gender discrimination, limited access to resources, and cultural barriers. It highlights the strategies employed by indigenous women leaders to navigate these challenges, including grassroots organizing, capacity-building, advocacy, and coalition-building. Moreover, the paper analyzes the impact of indigenous women's leadership on political representation, policy-making, community development, and environmental stewardship in Odisha. It argues that indigenous women leaders play a pivotal role in advancing indigenous rights, promoting gender equality, preserving cultural heritage, and advocating for sustainable development. By amplifying indigenous women's voices, recognizing their contributions, and supporting their leadership, policymakers, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders can foster more inclusive and equitable governance structures that honor the rights and dignity of indigenous peoples in Odisha and beyond.
Impact of Educational Intervention on Caregivers' Knowledge and Techniques of Metered Dose Inhalers for Asthmatic Children in Chengalpattu
Ushapriya Mathiazhakan ,Dr. Rajeswari D , Dr. Subash S, Dr. C Kanniammal
This study addresses the pressing issue of paediatric asthma, a global public health concern associated with frequent hospitalizations and absenteeism among children and adolescents. Focusing on caregivers, the research assesses their comprehension and utilization of metered dose inhalers (MDIs), pivotal in asthma management. Employing an educational program and a quasi-experimental design, the study evaluates the impact of interventions on caregiver knowledge and practice. Results from 40 participants indicate substantial improvements post-intervention, with a notable increase in both knowledge and practice levels. Additionally, demographic characteristics such as age and educational level exhibit significant correlations with knowledge, while personal habits play a pivotal role in practice. Crucially, the study establishes a positive relationship between knowledge and usage levels of MDIs among caregivers. Overall, these findings underscore the efficacy of educational interventions in enhancing MDI utilization for paediatric asthma management
Policy Recommendation: Fostering Sustainable Growth through Industrial Park Development in Ethiopia
Workenh Eshatuu Sime (PhD)
Industrial park development projects are commonly employed by policymakers and decision-makers as a strategic approach to foster economic growth. Within Ethiopia, there are presently 32 industrial parks located across diverse zones and city administrations. This study examines the economic impact of industrial park development in Ethiopia by employing a difference-in-difference (DID) methodology. Specifically, the study distinguishes between treated zones, which encompass zones and city administrations with industrial parks, and controlled zones, which represent areas without industrial parks. The findings of the analysis indicate that the establishment and operation of industrial parks have yielded positive effects on various macro-economic indicators, with the exception of domestic capital formation. Consequently, it is highly recommended that the government devise tailored policies and incentives to encourage domestic investors to engage in Ethiopian industrial parks. Such measures would contribute to further leveraging the economic benefits associated with industrial park development in the country. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, shedding light on the potential of industrial park initiatives as catalysts for economic growth and suggesting targeted strategies to maximize their impact in Ethiopia.
Marketing Capabilities and Innovation Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in South-West, Nigeria
Ayo, Mofoluwake Folasayo Samuel, Mercy Buloere Adesuyi, Isaac Oludoyi, Isaac Olakunle
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in driving economic growth in countries, yet in Nigeria's Southwest region, their innovation performance has lagged. This study investigated the impact of marketing capabilities on innovation performance among selected SMEs in this region. Through a descriptive research design, 377 SME owners/managers across selected states were surveyed. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and multiple. Results indicated that marketing capabilities (customer engagement, market sensing, product management, and selling) positively influenced SMEs' innovation performance. Specifically, these capabilities significantly affected product innovation, market development, and process innovation. The study concluded that enhancing marketing capabilities could significantly boost innovation performance among SMEs in Southwest Nigeria, thereby promoting sustainable growth. Recommendations included prioritizing efforts to strengthen customer engagement, improve market sensing abilities, enhance product management practices, and bolster selling capabilities. These actions can empower SMEs to innovate more effectively, fostering their long-term viability and contributing to the region's economic advancement.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Offending Behaviour among Correctional Facility Inmates in Southwest, Nigeria
Oluwatomilola Adewunmi; Sussan Adeusi; Olusegun Adeeko; Temiloluwa Arotiba; Deborah Olarinde;
Nigeria is one of the top twenty least tranquil countries in the world due to its high offending rates. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are often cited as risk factors for offending behaviour. Research on their prevalence and association is of major importance for early intervention and reduction in the rate of offending in Nigeria. Therefore, the goal of this research was to find out the prevalence of ACEs and ADHD, and the associations among ACEs, ADHD and offending behaviour among inmates in Southwest, Nigeria. A cross sectional research design was adopted. The Adverse Childhood International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), Adult ADHD Self-reported Screener Version 1.1 (ASRS-V 1.1) and Self-Reported Delinquency Scale were adopted and administered to 307 inmates in Southwest Nigeria. Results shows that, 182 (59.3%) had experienced one or more childhood adversity while 16 (5.3%) screened positive for adult ADHD. ACEs and ADHD explained 35% variance in offending behaviour. The study shows that ACEs and ADHD are prevalent risk factors among the inmates and might have moderating effect on the course of offending behaviour. The study made relevant contributions and suggestions for further studies.
Groundwater Depletion, Food Security and Power Utility in Saharanpur District of Western Uttar Pradesh in India - A Study of Water-Energy-Food Nexus
Farhat Naz, Surabhi Singh
Groundwater depletion has become a serious issue in India as it is the greatest consumer of groundwater in the world. Irrigation in agriculture is a major reason for groundwater extractions in India. The increase in food production due to intensive groundwater pumping and energy usage is linked with treadmill of production theory. Hence, the core objective of the paper is to examine the interlinkages between groundwater depletion, food security, and power subsidies in western Uttar Pradesh through water-energy-food nexus approach.This study sheds light on the problems in the irrigation system and suggests possible solutions which can be carried out by the government and the individual farmers at ground level. The mix of quantitative and qualitative methods such as interviews of farmer and stakeholders were conducted along with Case Studies, Cases, Focused Group Discussions, and Participatory Rural Appraisal to make the studyevidence-based.
Soft Skills for Curriculum Development towards Classroom Management in Teacher Education Practice in Universities in Nigeria
1Victor Ojorka Akor (PhD); 1Hadiza Alami Musa (PhD) 1Samuel, Mohammed Enefu (PhD); 1Damian Monday Ogwuche (PhD) 2Atuzie Chioma; 1Joseph Ojoniko Ameh; 1Dominic Solomon Ojonugwa (PhD)
The study was soft skills for curriculum development towards classroom management in teacher education practice in universities in Nigeria. It aimed to determine the place of soft skills in curriculum development and how it enhances classroom management. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study with tworesearch questions and a hypothesis that guided the study. The population was made up of 300 postgraduate students in the Faculty of Education, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba and Rivers State University, Nkpolu- Port Harcourt. A sample size of 100 postgraduate students was drawn using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a 15- item questionnaire which was validated by three experts and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.83 which was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. The data collected were analyzed with mean and standard deviation while the hypothesis was tested using Z-test. The findings showed that the lecturers have high level of soft skills and that there is significant difference between the level of soft skills among the lecturers in the north central and those in the south-south. Thus, the following recommendations were made that lecturers should consolidate on the areas of strength in soft skills that they have currently, lecturers should do well to engage in studies and other self-improvement means to be better at areas where they are weak, the students should help the lecturers improve on their interpersonal relationship skills by creating friendship opportunities etc.
Impact Assessment of the Extension and Community Outreach Services in a Higher Education Institution in Baguio City
Dr. Isagani A. Paddit, Ms. Shayana G. Elipane, Mr. Oliver Richard C. Celi
Extension and community outreach services fulfill an organization's corporate social responsibility by assessing livelihood, skills, health, computer literacy, and advocacy programs. Descriptive statistics were employed to assess the impact of the extension outreach program, integrating a 4-point Likert scale with 67 respondents from Barangay Lucnab. The findings show that respondents regarded the success of the program and subsequent assessment of the value and application of community extension services as particularly significant. A finding that transpired in the study is that most respondents had a highly positive response to the computer literacy program, leading to substantial improvements in their capabilities. It recommends that program activities should be aligned with community needs for meaningful impact, and future research proposals should mirror program objectives to assess effectiveness. Furthermore, extension services significantly boost institutional awareness through policy advocacy, fostering relationships and community trust in its outreach programs.
Implications of Folk Songs for Education in Africa
Ikechukwu Anthony Kanu
The study of African songs have moved beyond dispassionate inquiry and the antiquated perspective that considered it a subject fit only for speculation by idle minds. With the present development in the area of African renaissance, acknowledging and claiming the African cultural heritage, the occasion has arisen to once again study African traditional songs to see their contributions towards the development of education in Africa. There are several works investigating African traditional songs from a variety of perspectives, however, the beauty of the present work is the connection it makes between education and African traditional songs. The burden of this work is to study African traditional songs, its dimensions or types and its contribution, particularly, to the area of education. To achieve this, the phenomenological and hermeneutic methods of inquiry were employed. This research discovered that African traditional songs, handed down from one generation to another orally, permeates every facet of African life, and thus occupies a fundamental place in the African traditional educational heritage. It further recommended the employment of African indigenousfolk songsin educational institutions in Africa, more importantly, at the primary and secondary levels. In this way, the African will be taught within categories that he or she understands and appreciates.
Job Design and Employee Performance in Benue State Civil Service
Dennis Ekpe Ogbu1, Emmanuel Kalu Agbaeze2, *Chris Chukwuebuka Emeali3
The study examined the effect of job design on employee performance in Benue State Civil Service, Makurdi. The specific objectives were, to: determine the effect of task variety on employee productivity in Benue State Civil Service; investigate the extent to which job autonomy affect employee engagement in Benue State Civil Service; and evaluate the extent to which feedback mechanism affect job satisfaction in Benue State Civil Service. The study adopted a survey research design with a total population of 657. Census sampling technique was used, which meant that the entire population was used. However, a total number of 650 duly completed and returned copies of the questionnaire were used for data analyses. The study adopted stratified sampling technique to reach out to the different ministries selected. Regression analysis was used for data analysis at 5% level of significance. Findings revealed that job design had a significant positive effect on employee performance in Benue State Civil Service, Makurdi. The study therefore recommended, among others, that Benue State Civil Service should implement job rotation and enrichment programs to introduce task variety and enhance productivity within the Benue State Civil Service.
Efficacy of Physiotherapy Intervention for Management of Primary Dysmenorrhoea- A Pilot Study
Smruti Swagatika Dash, Dr. Annie Thomas, Dr. Gyanendranath Dash
Objectives: To evaluate preliminary effects of a structured physiotherapy program on pain and quality of life in women with primary dysmenorrhoea. To assess feasibility of methodological procedures and obtain preliminary data (effect size) to estimate the sample size for a future randomised control trial. Methods: Eighteen women aged 18-25 years were divided into two groups(experimental group and control group) by lottery method. Women assigned to experimental group performed a set of structured supervised exercises for 3 days a week for 8 weeks whereas women in control group were educated with verbal instructions on managing menstrual pain and they continue their own home management. Participants were assessed at the end of 0th week, 4th week and finally at 8th week on the outcome measures of pain (NPRS) and quality of life (SF -36). Results: The study findings revealed that there was a significant difference in the numeric pain rating scale between groups (p=0.001), there was a significant difference in pvalue between all sub-scales of SF-36. Conclusion: A structured physiotherapy intervention helped young women with managingsymptoms of dysmenorrhoea which greatly impacted their quality of life. Their pain levels also came down after completion of the protocol.
Greater Omentum- A Cadaveric Study on Morphology, Development and Rare Variants of Omental Mass and their Role in Flap Reconstructive and Vascular Surgeries
Venkateshu K V1, Ravikiran HR2, Ashwini N S3
Introduction: The greater omentum, a peritoneal fold resembling an apron, serves diverse functions including fat storage, immune defense through "milky spots," and safeguarding the peritoneal cavity from infections. Despite its clinical importance, inconsistencies in understanding its morphology persist, leading to underexplored aspects. Beyond its role in lymph drainage and infection resistance, the omentum has proven valuable in medical interventions. Pedicledomentoplasty, coupled with skin grafting, effectively addresses antibiotic-resistant osteoradionecrotic ulcers. Recent global studies have revealed the omentum's dynamic physiological nature and therapeutic potential, challenging historical perceptions of its inertness. Materials & Methods: The study aims to investigate the morphology, variations, embryology, and developmental aspects of the greater omentum in 20 human cadavers. The dissection of the anterior abdominal wall was carried out, focusing on exposing the peritoneum to observe the folds of the greater omentum. Results: This study endeavors to comprehensively explore anatomical variations in the greater omentum and rare omental mass, offering updated insights for optimal application in the evolving field of surgery. Conclusions: The detailed examination includes an exploration of the morphology, embryological connections, and clinical significance of the greater omentum. Variations in the greater omentum were also identified. The study is designed to contribute valuable insights to the rapidly evolving field of surgery.
Appraisal of Ozioma Onuzulike's Stoneware and Terracotta Ceramic Keloids at the March 29 - May 6, 2021 Ko Art Exhibition, Lagos, Nigeria
Alu, Nkem Fortyunes1, Ubah,RitaDoris Edumchieke1 Anikpe, EkenechukwuAnazor1, Aji, Yakubu Stephen2
Ozioma Onuzulike’sceramic keloidsexhibited in 2021 at the Ko art space,Lagos, Nigeria, is the swivel of this content analytical study. The original schedule being: Ngozi Omeje Ezema (Jan 28 - Feb 11), Eva Obodo (Feb 25 - March 11), and Ozioma Onuzulike (March 25-April 8), Onuzulike’s phase later held from March 29-May 6, 2021. 2 genres were identified in Onuzulike’sworks: the ceramic palm kernel shells, and the yam seedlings. The specific objectives were to ascertain: (i) the genre most prevalent with colouration, stylisation and space integration, (ii) the prevalent calibre of balancing of art elements, (iii) the significance of the genres with Nigerian public issues, (iv) thelucidity ofthe genres for documenting ‘The way we are’, and (v) the most consistent theme with plurality. The study instruments were the:OnuzulikeStoneware and Terracotta Ceramic Keloids Map Questionnaire (OSTCKM-Q), Preliminary Data Desk (OSTCKM -PDD), and Frequency Percentage Rating Desk (OSTCKM -FPRD). Findings revealed the Yam series as most prevalent with colouration, stylisation and space integration; asymmetric balancing is dominant; both genres are significant with Nigerian public issues, and lucidly documents ‘the way we are’. Political themes are the most consistent with plurality.
Impact of Women Entrepreneurial Training on Performance: A Case Study of South-East Nigeria
Chinyere Jane Nwobilor1, Gambo Nasamu2, Ifeoma May Nwoye3, Hauwa Lamino Abubakar4,Umar Abbas Ibrahim5
Despite efforts to promote women's entrepreneurship, female entrepreneurs in the region face significant challenges, including limited access to education, finance, training, and markets. This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial training on the performance of women-owned businesses in Southeast Nigeria. The study aims to assess the influence of networking, people management, marketing, and business risk management training on business growth among women entrepreneurs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,334 respondents from registered women-owned enterprises across five southeastern states. The data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal positive and statistically significant relationships between the identified training needs (networking, people management, marketing, and business risk management) and business growth. The study highlights the transformative potential of targeted capacity-building initiatives in empowering women entrepreneurs and driving sustainable business growth. Policy recommendations emphasize the development of holistic entrepreneurship programs, establishment of support systems, promotion of collaborative ecosystems, and fostering enabling environments to address the unique training needs of women entrepreneurs. By prioritizing these interventions, policymakers can contribute to the economic empowerment of women, promote inclusive growth, reduce gender disparities, and unlock the entrepreneurial potential of women as drivers of development in Southeast Nigeria.
Intrapreneurial Behaviour as a Drives for Achievement and Product Development in Small and Medium Enterprises in Southeast, Nigeria
1Ephraim Augustin Mina; 2Emmanuel Kalu Agbaeze; 3Ekoja Geoffrey Owoicho
The study examined intrapreneurial behaviour as a drives for achievement and product development in small and medium enterprises in southeast, Nigeria it main objective of the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey design andthe study purposively sample all 528 employees from the 10 selected small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the South-East Nigeria. Data was collected through a structured and self administed questionnaire. A five-point Likert scale of strongly disagree to strongly agree was used to solicit responses. The finding showed that drives for achievement had significant effect on product development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the South-East Nigeria.The study concluded that productdevelopment is unaffected by drive for achievement. The study recommend that among others that small and medium enterprises in South-East, Nigeria should intensify efforts to meet the tastes of their customers with a standard practice to work on aspects that improves their products' acceptability.
Efficacy of Collagen Plug for Haemostasis and Socket Preservation after Tooth Extraction: A Systematic Review
1Dr. Akshaya Subhashinee Dhanasekaran; 1Dr. Shri Krishna Prasanth, 1Dr.Muthalagappan P L; 1Dr. Krishna Kumar Raja, 1Astha Agarwal; 1Angshumita Mahanta; 1Nethra Suryanarayanan
Background: Extraction is a minor surgical procedure performed for therapeutic removal of teeth. Haemostasis is the mechanism of cessation of the extravasation of blood after tooth extraction. Socket preservation is a procedure done to reduce the amount of bone loss post-extraction., Aim: To assess the efficacy of Collagen plug as a haemostatic agent and for socket preservation., Methods: A literature search, using the MeSH terms – Alveolar bone preservation ANDHemostatics AND Collagen was performed, which includes research papers in databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley, were taken into the study for review, Results: Of the 540 articles, after duplicates were removed from the electronic database, a systematic review was carried out and five articles were included in the review. It was found that there was better wound closure and preservation of residual bone in extraction site in patients where collagen plug was placed., Conclusion: In the available literature, the use of collagen plug as a haemostatic agent has demonstrated positive outcomes, contributing to enhanced wound healing and reduced postoperative pain and preserving extraction socket to enable that area to receive a prosthesis.
Project Risk Management and Performance of Public Building Projects in North Central Nigeria
Umar Abbas Ibrahim & Mr. Abdulkarim Ahmed Bukar
Project risk management provides a robust approach for managing project risks from the start to the end to help ensure that intended objectives are realized. This approach is still at the infant stage in developing countries and Nigeria is not left out. This can be viewed from the report of project failures and abandonments leading to cost and time overruns recorded by Nigeria in 2022 when about 56000 public projects were valued at N17 trillion (CIPMN). The study critically examined the impact of risk identification on project performance, determined the impact of risk assessment on project performance, assessed the impact of risk response on project performance, and evaluated the impact of the mediating effect of knowledge management in the relationship between risk management and project performance. The study used a cross-sectional survey research design and a closed-ended questionnaire of a 5-point Likert scale, with 5 being strongly agree and 1 being strongly disagree based on the population of 1156 where a sample size of 297 comprising the contracting companies, consulting firms and the client was drawn. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS-SEM 4. The results from testing the hypotheses using p-values are Ho1 (p<0.000), Ho2 (p<0.000, Ho3 (p<0.000) and Ho4 (p<0.000) indicating that all the null hypotheses were rejected based on the significance value or level of 5% (0.05). Thus, it shows that the impact of risk management on the performance of public building projects in the North Central Nigeria region is statistically significant. It is, therefore, recommended that the practice of project risk management should and must be imbibed by all the stakeholders such as contractors, consultants, clients and regulators of public building projects for the delivery of more successful projects.
Remote Work and Performance of Employees of Deposit Money Banks in Southeast, Nigeria
Emmanuel Kalu Agbaeze1, Martins Arua Oko2, *Chris Chukwuebuka Emeali3
The study investigated the effect of Remote Work and Performance of Employees of Deposit Money Banks in Southeast, Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to analyse the extent to which virtual marketing of banking products affect achievement of employee’s key Performance Indicators (KPIs); to assess the degree to which online withdrawal confirmation affect the reduction in incidence of bank fraud; and finally, to examine the extent to which working from home affect operational cost efficiency. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study was 1703 staff of selected banks in Southeast, Nigeria. A sample size of 313 respondents was used, which was determined using Freund and William’s statistical formula. The study adopted stratified sampling technique to reach out to different strata using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS. The study found that Remote Work had a significant positive effect on the Performance of Employees of Deposit Money Banks in Southeast, Nigeria, and recommended inter alia, banking institutions invest in robust virtual marketing strategies to enhance employee performance.
Regulatory Dynamics and Financial Sustainability of National Microfinance Banks: A Case of Central Bank Regulation in Nigeria
Abdulaziz Aliyu1, Nasamu Gambo (Ph.D)2,Saranu Salisu3 Adewumi, Babatunde Akinade4, Lawal Gumel Makama5 & Musa Mohammed Adamu6
This study explores the complex interplay between business size, regulatory dynamics, and their effects on the long-term viability of the finances of Nigeria's National Microfinance Banks (NMBs). Within the evolving landscape of microfinance institutions, regulatory frameworks, particularly Prudential Ratios established by the Central Bank of Nigeria, play a pivotal role in ensuring the stability and solvency of these banks. This study employs an ex-post facto research design, drawing on data from annual financial reports over six years, covering 2000 to 2022. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) serves as the analytical tool to investigate the influence of Prudential Ratios on key financial performance indicators, including Returns on Assets (ROA), Returns on Equity (ROE), and the Ratio of Micro Loans to Total Loans (RMLTL). The findings unequivocally reveal that adherence to Prudential Ratios significantly influences these financial performance indicators, emphasizing the critical role of regulatory compliance in shaping the financial and developmental aspects of NMBs. Intriguingly, firm size, considered a control variable, does not exhibit a statistically significant impact on financial performance, highlighting the dominance of regulatory factors. The study recommends that regulatory authorities, especially the Central Bank of Nigeria, should focus on enhancing and enforcing prudential ratios in the microfinance sector, continually monitoring, and updating them to improve the financial performance and sustainability of microfinance banks, while also urging microfinance institutions to remain strongly committed to complying with these crucial regulatory standards.
''Dietary Consumption and Lifestyle Choices in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Case Study''
Dr.Anuja Choudhary1, Dr.Ajeet Kumar Saharan2, Dr. Manoj Kumar Mathur3, Dr.Shantanu Sharma4,Dr. Hari Narayan Saini5 & Dr.Manisha Saharan6
Background: One of the most prevalent endocrine metabolic illnesses affecting women who are fertile is classical polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS. It is somewhat upsetting because we are still unable to identify the precise etiology of this disease, making a full recovery impossible. Only by lifestyle adjustment (diet and exercise) and the availability of effective medications it can be managed and its symptoms lessened. Despite being uncommon, this sickness is manageable because the majority of these reasons are treatable. As a result, it's vital to look for these disorders aggressively and treat them quickly.Case presentation:In March 2023, a 33-year-old lady was diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome, which led to irregular menstruation, hirsutism, and amenorrhea. The blood pressure was elevated. Investigation revealed elevated levels of LH and testosterone. The FSH to LH ratio was 3:1. There was a reduction in the quantity of sex hormone binding globulin, or SHBG.Conclusion and Outcome:Exercise and diet were best treatment choice for Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome patient that requires further examination before to being suggested on a long term basis and successful treatment outcome.
Safety Management Practices and Employee Performance in Manufacturing Firms in Southeast, Nigeria
Ngozi Uchenna Okoro1, Lovlyn Ekeowa Kelvin-Iloafu2, Nneka Jacinta Abugu3, Juliet Anuri Onwuchekwa4,*Chris Chukwuebuka Emeali5, Ann I. Ogbo6
The study investigated Safety Management Practices and Employee Performance in Manufacturing Firms in Southeast, Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to analyse the effect of Safety policies on employee engagement in the Manufacturing Firms in Southeast Nigeria; and to assess the effect of Safety Training Programmes on Employee Compliance in the Manufacturing Firms in Southeast Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The target population of the study was members of staff of ten selected manufacturing firms in the Southeast Nigeria, which was 3371 and sample size of 626 was determined from that population using Krejcie and Morgan Sample formula. Cronbach's alpha reliability test was conducted to ascertain the reliability (internal consistency) of the research instrument of which the coefficient was 81.7%. Regression analysis was used for data analysis with the aid of SPSS. The study found that: Safety policies have a significant effect on employee engagement in the Manufacturing Firms in Southeast Nigeria; Safety Training Programmes have a significant effect on Employee Compliance in the Manufacturing Firms in Southeast Nigeria. In line with the findings, the study therefore concluded that Safety Management Practices have significant positive effect on Employee Performance in Manufacturing Firms in Southeast, Nigeria.
The Impact of Personal Income Tax on State Internally Generated Revenues: Empirical Analysis of South-West States, Nigeria
1Adekoya A. Augustine 2Olayinka Ifayemi M
State Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) has been a tropical issue because of its immense importance to financial viability, budget implementation, and sustainable development.However, over reliance on federal allocation by states has resulted in paucity of IGR and total financial resources. Many studies have been conducted on IGR at state level, but with less emphasis on the impact of Personal Income Tax (PIT). Therefore, this study examined the probable impact of PIT on IGR of South-West states, Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study while secondary data used were extracted from Nigeria Bureau of Statistics annual report (2013-2022). Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics at 5% level of significance. The study revealed that PIT has positive impact on IGR of South-West states, Nigeria (Adj.R2=0.988, F(2,10)=2634.37, p=0.000).The study concluded that PIT has significant influence on IGRas it contributed (61.95%) maximally and becomes an important source to IGR of South-West states, Nigeria. Also, individually, Pay As You Earn (PAYE)contributes maximally (57.85%) and Direct Assessment (DA) minimally (4.1%)toIGR of South-West states, Nigeria. The study recommends that State government should adopt better revenue generation mechanism, monitoring techniques, and information technology to enhance DA collectionsfrom the informal sector to boost IGR. Besides,revenue enlightenment, good governance, and provision of public goods and services will boost taxpayers trust, tax morale and tax compliance behaviour. Likewise, government should ensure continuous training of tax officers and updating oftaxpayers’ data with Tax Identification Number (TIN).Word count:248
Integrating Macroeconomic Policies for Achieving SDGs in India During the Post- Pandemic Period
Dr. Jamil Ahmad & Abid Hussain
Macroeconomic policy (monetary and fiscal policy) is the key drivers to mitigate the negative effects of COVID-19 Pandemic and achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Indian economy faces extremely difficult economic challenges to overcome from the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The unprecedented shock disturbs the pace and pattern of development in the Indian economy. Indian economy faces the problems of a low GDP growth rate, high inflation, rising fiscal deficit, and environmental challenges that further increase the vulnerabilities. Traditional macroeconomic policies are not enough to cope with this problem. In the face of these shocks, India's economy needs to build robust fiscal and monetary policies and efficient use of remaining resources towards strengthening resilience to protect their people. Economic resilience might be effective to overcome such external shocks and favorable support for the recovery of all countries, especially India economy. Post-pandemic action is thus becoming more important, especially with restrained scope for fiscal and monetary stimulus. Monetary and fiscal policy is the key drivers to mitigate the negative effects and achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). To achieve 17 goals of sustainable development, proper macroeconomic policy should be needed.The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of fiscal and monetary policy to achieve some important goals of Sustainable development. The paper also examine how the monetary and fiscal policy useful to achieve SDGs 2030 agenda. The coordination of fiscal and monetary policy is very important for overall macroeconomic policy to achieve sustainable development goals. Paper also analyses the tools of the macroeconomic policy to achieve SDGs (Goals- 1,2,3,8 and 10,) by adopting the macroeconomic analysis, the research attempted to reveal the role of fiscal and monetary policy throughoutt the COVID-19 period and post-pandemic to build a stronger economy. Finally, to provide the future agenda for policy makers to address sustainable development goals.
Comparison of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Counselling on Internet Addiction, Academic Performance and Quality of Sleep among Late Adolescence: A Pilot Study
V. Vasanthamani1, Dr. Radha Kumar 2, Dr. R. Revathi3
Background: Ivan Goldberg coined the phrase "Internet Addiction Disorder" to describe unhealthy, compulsive Internet use. The criteria for this disease are based on criteria used in the DSM-IV for disorders related to substance misuse. It is "the inability of a person to control his or her use of the internet, which ultimately results in psychological, social, academic, and/or employment difficulties in a person's life. Aim: The main aim of the study to assess the change in academic performance and quality of sleep by implementing Cognitive behavioral Therapy and Counselling on internet addiction among late adolescence.Objectives: 1. To identify the prevalence of internet addiction among adolescence. 2. To determine the effectiveness of CBT and counselling on internet addiction, academic performance and quality of sleep among late adolescence. 3. To compare the pre-test and post- test score of internet addiction, academic performance and quality of sleep among adolescence in group I, group II and control group.Methods: Quantitative approach and true experimental design with pre-test and post testdesign used for the study. The study population consists of first year students in selected college. Experimental group I consists of 11 students, experimental group II consist of 11 students and control group consists of 11 students who qualify the inclusion criteria were selected using simple random sampling technique. Inclusion criteria contains: 1. All first years college students 2. Age group of 17 and 18 years.3. Internet addiction score between 40 to 72. Result:In a study on late adolescents, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and counseling were administered to an experimental group. Pre-test results showed that in Experimental Group I, 36.4% had possible internet addiction, with 63.6% likely. Academic performance varied, with 18.2% poor, 63.6% moderate, and 18.2% good. Quality of sleep was predominantly poor (81.8%). Post-test results revealed a statistically significant improvement: 72.7% had borderline internet addiction, 90.9% exhibited good academic performance, and 63.6% reported good sleep. Experimental Group II showed similar trends. The study results indicating that effectiveness of CBT and counseling in reducing internet addiction, enhancing academic performance, and improving sleep quality among late adolescents.The Control group did not show any significant changes. Conclusion: The study's findings concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy is slightly more effective than counseling in addressing internet addiction and its impact on academic performance and sleep quality.
Navigating Tradition in a Digital World: Analyzing the Impact of Digital Transformation of Igbo Apprenticeship Business Model on the Survivability of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria
Chris Chukwuebuka Emeali1, Anthony Chukwuma Nwali2, Magnus Ugwa3 & Gideon Chizoba Okeke4
The study investigated the Impact of Digital Transformation of Igbo Apprenticeship Business Model on the Survivability of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria. The specific objectives were:to analyse the extent to which digital infrastructure affect the financial performance of SMEs within the Igbo apprenticeship system; to assess the degree to which adoption of digital tools enhance market adaptability of SMEs operating within the Igbo apprenticeship system; and finally, to examine the extent to which effective management of cultural resistance to change affect innovation capacity among SMEs in Southeast Nigeria.The study adopted survey research design with a total population of 197 SMEs. Cronbach’s Alpha Statistic was used to test the reliability of the instrument, of which the results were all above 90% respectively. Data analysis was conducted using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS. The study found that Digital Transformation of Igbo Apprenticeship Business Model has a significant positive impact on the Survivability of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended, inter alia, that policymakers and stakeholders prioritize initiatives aimed at fostering comprehensive digital transformation within the Igbo apprenticeship system to enhance the survivability and resilience of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria.
Improving the Yield of Crops in Integrated Apicultural Farming for Health Benefits and Modern Production using Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)
Veronica Ibitola Makinde & Pius Olanrewaju Ogunjobi
The study focused on improving the yield of crops in integrated apicultural farming for health benefits and modern production using cognitive behaviour therapy. Specifically, the study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy (restructuring therapy) on students' learning outcome. The research design for this study was quasi-experimental using pretest, posttest control group. The population of this study consisted of 200level students who were offering GST 213. Basic Skills in Agriculture in BamideleOlumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, IkereEkiti, Ekiti State. The sample for this study comprised 363 students drawn from the three colleges in the University. Participation was voluntary as the respondents were not allowed to give their identities on the instrument for data collection. A research instrument, Honey Production Performance Test (HPPT) was used to collect data for the study. Ethical Clearance was sought for and collected from the Centre for Research and Development of BamideleOlumilua University of Education, Science and Technology Ikere – Ekiti. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity. The reliability of the instrument was established through Cronbach Alpha method which yielded reliability coefficient of 0.86. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there was significance difference in the post test mean scores of students in the experimental group. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that cognitive behaviour therapy should be used to teach both theory and practicals in order to foster skills development among students in the University. Also, it was recommended that cognitive behaviour therapy should be employed to improve students’ learning outcomes. There should be collaborative partnerships between agricultural researchers, practitioners, and mental health professionals to further explore the potential benefits of integrating CBT techniques into agricultural interventions and programs. The study recommended regular counselling sessions, seminars, and workshops to educate the intending apiarists (students) on modernizing bee rearing practices to adopt technology capable of improving the life of bee households, and sustain bee resources for future generation as it would increase the production of hygienic honey for both local consumption and exportation purposes
Exploring the Nexus between Entrepreneurial Orientation, Technology and Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Chukwu Benjamin Ibe1, Ibechukwu Modesta Nwakaego2 & Grace Obianuju Tojue1
This study focused on the nexus between entrepreneurial orientation, technology and performance of manufacturing firms. The study determined the extent to which entrepreneurial proactiveness influences sales volume, and ascertained the extent to which entrepreneurial risk-taking affects market shares. The study used a survey research design. This study covered manufacturing firms in South-East region of Nigeria.The object of interest (respondents) were from 13 selected manufacturing firms in South East Nigeria. The sample size was 369 respondents. We choose the samples in stages via multi-stage sampling technique. The study employed construct validity. Internal consistency of instrument was measured by calculating a statistic known as Cronbach’s coefficient alpha. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze data. The study employed a Structural Equation Model (SEM) path modeling approach. The study also employed regression analysis for the test of hypotheses through the use of E-view software.Findings revealed that innovativeness has a significant positive effect on profitability, and that proactiveness has a significant positive effect on sales volume of manufacturing firms.The study concluded that innovativeness, proactivity, risk-taking, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness are all characteristics of entrepreneurial manufacturing enterprises, and they are all connected to performance results. The study recommended that firms should prioritise and actively foster a culture of innovation within their organizations, and incorporate proactiveness into their strategic planning and operational culture.
Exchange Rate Dynamics and Foreign Portfolio Investment in Developing
Kehinde Adekunle Adetiloye1, Bukola Bolanle Awogbenja2 & Benjamin Ighodalo Ehikioya3*
This studyexamines how exchange rate fluctuations relate to foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. We analysed the data gathered from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Nigeria Exchange Group and World Development Indicatorsof the World Bank from 2014 to 2021 using GARCH, Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model. The result demonstrates a long run relationship between foreign portfolio investment and exchange rate volatility. The result shows that exchange rate volatility adversely impacts foreign portfolio investment flows to Nigeria. In addition, market capitalisation exerts a positive butinsignificant link with foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. This finding implies that the government, through the Apex Bank,should adopt an improved exchange rate management policy to stabilise the rate. Moreover, it is vital for the stakeholders, especially the policymakers, to continue to develop the capital market and improve the business environment to attract foreign investment inflows.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Brushing Techniques on Oral Hygiene among School Children Between 8-11 Years in a Selected School at Krishnagiri District
Mrs. Archana1, Dr. S. Rajalakshmi2
Background: Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping your mouth clean and disease –free. It involves brushing and flossing your teeth as well as visiting your dentist regularly for dental X-rays, exams and cleanings. Aim:Assess the Effectiveness of Video Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Brushing Techniques on Oral Hygiene Among School Children. Methods: Quantitative research approach and one group pre-test, post-test quasi experiment design was selected for the study. The population for present study included children from DK SAMY Matriculation School at Krishnagiri district. The total sample size was 50 school children selected using non probability purposive sampling technique. Results:The data analysis showed that among 50 samples 2 (4%) of them had adequate knowledge, 33(66%) samples had moderate knowledge and 15 (30%) were had inadequate knowledge. The pre-test mean score reducing knowledge on brushing technique among school children is 12.5 and in the post test mean score on improved knowledge on brushing technique was 27.34 with mean difference of 14.84. the calculated paired ‘t’ value is 28.416 which is significantly higher than the table value 1.677 at p≤0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that information education and communication were effective in the level of knowledge regarding brushing technique on oral hygiene among school Childrens. There was a significant association between the pre-test score on knowledge regarding brushing technique on oral hygiene.
Uses and Gratification of Online Shopping of Youth in India: A Study
Dr. Sewa Singh Bajwa & Mokhalad Ali
Social media has become an insurmountable force in modern society. More than half the global population uses social media. An average person spends more than two hours on it every day. It can be said that it has altered our lives and life styles. It has given us new ways to get connected. On social media we come together and stay connected. It is a media of self expression. Basically it is the community interaction among people in which they virtually live. They create and share information and ideas in these virtual communities. It has become the basic need of human beings. It has greatly satisfied the need of human beings to be social. It has given us new ways to stay connected.It is a wonderful medium of self expression. It has changed our relationships and our thinking style. People depend too much on social media. There is trend of online shopping everywhere. There are advertisements on social media sites. They give information regarding products and make people buy them. Marketers spread messages on social media. People see the advertisements. They purchase the items they need. Experts say that social media advertisements affect youth more than other people. This research work studies the uses and gratification of online shopping of the youth of Punjab state of India which is known to be the most developed and prosperous Indian state.
Integrating Sustainability Reporting Education into the Accounting and Finance Curriculum: A Review of Literature
Capntan Philemon Mbakbuin, Francis Odianonsen Iyoha, Michael Chidiebele Ekwe, Siliya Pedkuna Queenta, Moses Ogaba Igodo, Winner Ayanate
Although there has been increasing discussion on sustainability's role in the business curriculum, the debate has remained excessively comprehensive, avoiding the possibility that quantitative fields like accounting and finance are especially dependent on established practices. To this purpose, this article will examine the existing level of sustainability reporting education in the domains of business school finance and accounting, as well as identify and examine some of the challenges that have been experienced in this effort. An extensive literature study is presented here, summarizing prior studies on the topic of sustainability's integration into business school curricula and the difficulties that arise while doing so. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on the ways in which accounting and finance programs include a focus on sustainability in their curriculum. This article shows that institutional commitment is often a fundamental condition for the successful complete integration of sustainability and that accounting and finance lag other management disciplines when it comes to implementing sustainability.The authors of this study argue that aspiring accountants, financial managers, and general managers might benefit from innovative approaches to integrating sustainability into accounting and finance curricula.This paper provides a new analysis of the relevant literature in the context of integrating sustainable education into the accounting and finance curriculum at business schools, and it proposes a conceptual framework for doing so.
A Review of Road Connectivity in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Babalola Obasanjo James & Afolayan Isaac Olayinka
This study focuses on the review of the road network connectivity in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area (LGA) using graph theory principles. The topological structure of the road network is considered a pivotal factor influencing urban dynamics and emphasizing the importance of reviewing road network characteristics in urban transportation planning. The study divides the case study into ten (10) wards using advances in geographical information system (GIS) and employs the Network Analyst extension of ArcGIS to compute various connectivity indices, including cyclomatic number, alpha index, beta index, gamma index, network density, and completeness. The analysis reveals Osupa ward with the highest connectivity indices and congestion but the second-highest network density result, while Okelerin ward, with the highest network density, exhibits the lowest connectivity indices. Furthermore, road types are delineated, highlighting Ogbomoso-Ilorin as the only highway with secondary and primary designations, devoid of bridges. Additionally, a modest correlation is observed in the degree of nodes and edges across all connectivity indices. Osupa ward, with superior connectivity indices, exhibits the highest degree of nodes and edges. In contrast, Abogunde ward, with the lowest degree, still demonstrates slightly better connectivity indices than Okelerin ward, identified with the lowest connectivity indices. The completeness of road connectivity is inversely proportional to other connectivity indices, as demonstrated by Osupa ward's 0% completeness in contrast to Abogunde's 4%. In conclusion, these findings contribute valuable insights into varying degrees of connectivity, density, and road types, enhancing our understanding of road network dynamics.
The Post-Cold War Political Relations between China-Sudan
Mohd Jameel Dar
This paper deals the political relations of China and Sudan since the post cold war. It identifies and analyzes key manifestation of China’s relationship with Sudan with regard to non-interference, Human rights, China’s position in the Darfur conflict the cost of development induced displacement and China-Sudan military cooperation and China’s shading of the Sudanese government from the allegation of international criminal court, is discussed Not surprisingly, bilateral relations between countries invariably encompass interests and constraint. China-Sudan, post cold war economic and political relations has posed both challenges and opportunities. China’s non-interference principle, protecting the Sudan regime from pressure of international community caused confrontation with the Western countries. Using the principle as a tool to prevent others not to intervene, it provided weapons, in exchange of oil money and investment opportunities. Consequently, using the military hard-wares imported from China the regime enhanced gross violations of human rights, such as, torture, mass killings and detention. Embargoes, sanction and resolution on the Sudan regime for its human rights catastrophe were annulled and acquitted by China arguing that responding the Situation in Sudan is an internal problem deserved to be solved internally. Furthermore, the two countries’ have forwarded their political interest globally; Sudan supported China’s membership in the UN Security Council in 1970s, and it was defeated its human rights allegation in 1980s at the UN human rights council by the support of African countries including Sudan. On China part, it was supported a unified Sudan, opposing the South Sudan independency. The objective of the thesis is to explore the political relationships between the two countries in the post cold war period. To ascertain this, predominantly qualitative with minimal level of quantitative research methodologies are employed. Both primary and secondary sources of data are utilized. By doing this, the study demonstrated issues such as, Western pressure on China to drag its diplomatic ally, internal dynamics in Sudan such as, security factor and the secession of South Sudan, as obstacles for their relations.
Effects of Two Techniques of Pattern Drafting (Flat and Cad) on the Academic Achievement, Interest and Retention of Home Economic Education Students of Universities in South-East Nigeria
Ugwu Eunice Ifenyinwa1, Attah Blessing Ijeoma1*, Gera Nguvan Patience2, Ezeaku Margret Ndidiamaka1,Ifeanyichukwu Obioma Irene3, Emmanuel Chekwube Eze, Emeghebo Udochukwu M, Nwafor Eucharia Chinwendu & Eze Ngozi Mary1
The study investigated the effects of two techniques of pattern drafting (Flat and CAD) on the academic achievement, interest and retention of Home Economics Education students of Universities in South-East, Nigeria. The design of the study was pre-test, post-test and retention test quasi experimental design. The study was conducted at public universities in the South-East, Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The population for the study was 58 undergraduate students comprising of second and third year students from three public universities that offer Home Economics Education. (26 from University of Nigeria, 28 from Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike and 4 from Ebonyi State University). The instrument used for data collection was pattern drafting techniques achievement test (PDTAT). The instrument had three versions: pre-test, post-test and retention test which were the same except for the reshuffling and swapping of the questions and options of the 40 objective questions used for the study. The instruments were subjected to face and content validation. Five experts validated the instruments. The reliability coefficient using Kuder Richardson (K-R 20) was 0.78. The reliability test was conducted using 20 students from Delta state university. The data was collected with the aid of two research assistants. Data collected for the study were analyzed using mean with standard deviation to answer the research questions. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The major finding of the study among others was that students taught with CAD have a better academic achievement, interest and retention when compared to those taught with Flat method. There was statistically significant difference (F=24.71, P = 0.00<0.05) between the mean academic achievement, (P>0.05) the mean interest and (P<0.05) the mean retention of Home Economics Education students that were taught through CAD and those that were taught through Flat pattern drafting techniques. Based on the finding, it was recommended that the curriculum planners should inculcate in the curriculum the use of CAD and lecturers should adopt the use of CAD during teaching and learning of pattern drafting.
Influence of Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning Foundry Craft Practice in Enugu State, Nigeria
Dr.Oguejiofor Victor Ikechukwu, Mole Lilian Chinese, Dr.Omego Godfrey & Udogu Kingsley Chimezia
Instructional materials play a very important role in teaching and learning foundry craft practice in Nigeria technical colleges. Foundry craft practice plays vital roles for national development in the area of science and technology. The study analyzed the influence of instructional materials in teaching and learning foundry craft practice in Government Technical Colleges in Enugu State, Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted survey research design. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered on 20 purposively sampled teachers and students across the technical colleges that do foundry craft practice. The questionnaire was face-validated by three experts. Reliability test was carryout using Cronbach Alpha approach, which yielded an index of 0.85. Copies of the questionnaire were administered on the respondents through direct contact. The return rate of the instrument was 100%. The data collected for the study were analyzed with mean, standard deviation and t-test. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test was used to analyze the null hypotheses. The major finding was that instructional materials play vital and positive impacts in the teaching and learning of foundry craft practice in technical colleges in Enugu State, Nigeria. Based on the finding, it was recommended that the government should give enough funds to the technical colleges for the provision of the needed instructional materials for effective teaching and learning of foundry craft practice.
Prevalence and grading of Hirsutism in females; A Systematic Review
Mrs.Resmi.C.R1, Dr.Muralee Damodaran2,Dr.Usha V Menon3, Dr.K.T.Moly4 & Dr.Sunil.M5
Introduction: Hirsutism is the presence of terminal (coarse) hairs in females in a male-like pattern, affecting 5–15% of women surveyed. It is extremely distressing, especially in young women undergoing the upheaval, both psychosocial and emotional, of adulthood. Hirsutism is usually associated with or a sign of an underlying endocrine disorder. It can also be an isolated condition, referred to as idiopathic hirsutism.1This systematic review intends to study prevalence and grading of hirsutism in females. Materials and Methods: The researcher did a thorough study of the previous research literature from journals, research articles, theses and dissertations of their findings. Twenty-one research studies were selected and the sampling technique was the purposive sampling technique. A focus synthesis was used for analyzing the extracted data and publication bias was assessed using the Quadal tool, .Result and Discussion: After reviewing the previous research literature, it was found that several hirsutism scores for women have been proposed based on visual assessment of hair type and growth. Out of these methods, the modified Ferriman-Gallwey score (mFG) proposed by Hatch et al. is considered as the gold standard for the evaluation of hirsutism., 2Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the prevalence and grading of hirsutism in females.
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