Innovations

Abstract

Abstract: Live-in relationships, characterized by cohabitation between partners without formal marriage, have emerged as a prominent aspect of modern Indian society. This research paper explores the concept of live-in relationships in India, examining societal trends and legal perspectives surrounding this evolving relationship model. By analyzing societal attitudes, cultural influences, demographic shifts, and legal frameworks, this paper provides insights into the complexities of live-in relationships and their implications for individuals and society. In recent years, live-in relationships have gained increasing acceptance and prevalence in India, challenging traditional norms and values associated with marriage and family. This phenomenon reflects broader societal trends towards individualism, personal autonomy, and changing attitudes towards relationships and cohabitation. Factors such as urbanization, globalization, higher education levels, and economic independence have contributed to the rise of live-in relationships among young adults, particularly in urban areas.Cultural influences also play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards live-in relationships in India. While some segments of society embrace the concept as a symbol of modernity and personal freedom, others view it as a departure from traditional values and social norms. Cultural beliefs, religious teachings, regional customs, and family dynamics all influence individuals' decisions to enter into live-in arrangements and the societal acceptance of such relationships. Demographic shifts further contribute to the increasing prevalence of live-in relationships in India. Delayed marriage, changing gender dynamics, and rising divorce rates have led many individuals to opt for cohabitation as an alternative to traditional marriage. Additionally, the proliferation of social media, dating apps, and online platforms has facilitated connections between individuals and provided avenues for exploring different relationship models.From a legal perspective, the status of live-in relationships in India is complex and subject to interpretation by the judiciary. While there is no specific legislation governing such arrangements, the judiciary has recognized the rights of partners in live-in relationships through landmark judgments. Courts have affirmed the right to live together, upheld the principle of equality and non-discrimination, and granted protection to individuals in matters such as maintenance, inheritance, and child custody.

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Abstract : This study investigates the effectiveness of a psychological skill training intervention on anxiety levels and self-confidence among short-distance runners, focusing specifically on Ethiopian athletes. Utilizing a pre-test/post-test design within a single group, 18 athletes from the Ethiopian Sport Academy engaged in a 12-week intervention program incorporating imagery, relaxation, and self-talk techniques. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), measuring cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence. Results indicated a significant decrease in cognitive anxiety intensity post-intervention, aligning with cognitive-behavioral theory. However, somatic anxiety intensity showed a significant increase, suggesting potential benefits of heightened physiological arousal within an optimal range. Self-confidence levels exhibited a notable improvement post-intervention, in line with Bandura's self-efficacy theory. These findings underscore the transformative potential of psychological training programs in optimizing athletes' mental and physical readiness for competition, highlighting the crucial role of self-confidence in managing anxiety and enhancing performance outcomes. Overall, the study emphasizes the indispensable role of psychological skill training in fostering resilience and empowering athletes to thrive in demanding athletic contexts.  

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Abstract : This study seeks to delve into the intricate dynamics of whistleblowing and its effects on the management employee relationship within banks. By examining various dimensions such as trust, communication and organizational culture. Furthermore, this work explores potential strategies and mechanisms that can be implemented to mitigate the negative consequences of whistleblowing and promote a more transparent work environment. In the complex environment of banking institutions, the relationship between management and employees is crucial for fostering a productive and ethical work culture. By identifying challenges and potential solutions, this research seeks to enhance the understanding and promote healthier dynamic in the work place. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of whistleblowing on management employee relations in first generation deposit money banks in Nigeria.  The specific objectives are to: access the relationship between whistle blowing policy and deposit money banks culture; determine the extent to whichfeedback mechanism affects the nonexistence of whistle blowers protection bill; examine the relationship between employees commitment to whistleblow and management retribution. Universal Dignity Theory of Whistle Blowing and Standard Theory were used to structure the postulations of the study.The simple random sampling was used. A sample size of 353 employees was generated using the Bowley’s proportional allocation technique for stratification. The questionnaire was designed using the 5 point Likert scale.Data was presented using mean rating and graphical representations. Validity of the research instrument was ascertained using content validity. Reliability of the instrument was obtained through test re-test by administering twenty (20) copies of the questionnaires to the banks under study Three (3) hypotheses were raised and tested using regression analysis in the course of this study. The analysis and interpretation of results yielded the following results: that there is significant relationship between whistleblowing policy and first generation deposit money banks culture (R2=0.431, p=0.000), feedback mechanism is significantly affected by the non-existence of whistle blowers protection bill (R2=0.455, p=0.000); there is significant relationship between rewards or compensations and employees eagerness to whistle blowR2=0.537, p=0.000). The study recommends the approval of an enabling law for the protection of whistleblowers and impactful communication strategies, in order to serve as a potent energizer to the ‘war against corruption’ in Nigeria’s banking sector.  

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Abstract : In all mammals with multiple cells, wound healing is a complicated and well-orchestrated biological process that comprises of four key phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and reepithelization. Improper or inefficient progression from the inflammatory to proliferative phases of wound healing is always present. In recent years, researchers have focused increasingly on the potential of several natural extracts to speed wound healing. The proteins involved in the wound healing process are the focus of this research, which uses a fresh bark extract from Musa acuminata.  The purpose of this research is to examine the potential inhibitory impact of phytochemicals in the fresh extract on a panel of wound-healing proteins. Docking analysis with co-crystallized complexes of key proteins involved, including matrix metalloproteinase 9 (1GKC), transforming growth factor-β (1PY5), fibroblast growth factor (1BFB), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (3HNG), and interleukin-6 (4CNI), our investigation unveils promising indications of wound-healing properties inherent to the fresh extract.  The identity of active components within the extract was determined through the application of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Further investigation utilized molecular docking techniques to assess the potential interactions of these active components with the aforementioned target proteins. Our docking analysis illuminates the binding affinity of Musa acuminata bark extract components, specifically 4-tert-butylphenyl 5-hydroxypentanoate, to the respective proteins, with binding energies of 7.1 kcal/mol for MMP-9, 7.3 kcal/mol for TGF-β, 4.7 kcal/mol for FGF-2, 6.7 kcal/mol for VEGF, and 5.2 kcal/mol for IL-6. These findings indicate a stable docked conformation of the proteins in association with 4-tert-butylphenyl-5-hydroxypentanoate molecules. In the context of wound healing, our research underscores the superior performance of Musa acuminata bark extract compared to the control group.  

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Abstract : This study investigated the impact of IPSAS on the reliability of financial reports in the public sector of Nigeria. The results indicated a positive effect of IPSAS on financial reporting reliability, consistent with agency theory principles. This implies that adopting IPSAS could enhance the quality of financial reporting in Nigerian government entities, leading to the production of high-quality reports meeting user requirements. Furthermore, such reports are crucial for improving capital market efficiency as they influence the decisions of capital providers and other stakeholders. The research highlighted that IPSAS-based standards demonstrate qualities such as objectivity, impartiality, comprehensiveness, detail, and integration. Moreover, they are easy to prepare and understand, providing relevant value to beneficiaries. Overall, these attributes emphasize the importance of IPSAS implementation in enhancing financial reporting reliability.  

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Abstract : Providing communities with enough clean water is a global issue, particularly in developing nations.  The rural population relies on domestic water sources such as rivers, dams, and streams, which may harbor hazardous pollutants and diseases. Life requires water, which needs to be pure in terms of physical, chemical, and biological components in order to be portable. It was made hard by the presence of salt, and hard water is the main cause of many health issues, including kidney stones. The study investigated many physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, including but not limited to color, taste, odor, pH, acidity, alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolving solids, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and cadmium. The purpose of this study was to determine how Phyllanthus emblica seed and Syzygium cumini filtration affect turbidity and hardness reduction. The amount of calcium and magnesium in treated water samples was altered in a manner comparable to that of untreated water and alum-treated sample, and their turbidity ranged from 1.0 to 10.0 NTU. The order of Phyllanthus emblica > Syzygium cumini > alum was the most successful in removing turbidity. It was suggested that Phyllanthus emblica and Syzygium cumini seeds be used to purify water. In this study, appropriate methods were chosen to be adopted and treated in order to improve the quality, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the traditional methods our ancestors used, to learn about the health benefits of traditionally treated water, and to learn about the changes in water characteristics that occur when plant materials are added. This study finding showed that the water sample is hard.  

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Abstract : This research assessed risk management practices in the Ethiopian banking sector. This objective was achieved by collecting primary data through a questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared on a five-point Likert-type scale. It coveredeight aspects of risk management practice: understanding risk management, identification, assessment and analysis, monitoring and controlling, managing credit, market, liquidity, and operational risk.The data was collected from 193 bank officials of banks operating in Ethiopia. The structural equation model was used to study the relationship between risk management practice and its determinants. The researchers performed a confirmatory factorial analysiswith AMOS 26 on the questionnaire data. The regression result showed that all independent variables positively correlate with risk management practice. This study also found that understanding risk management, risk assessment and analysis, and managing credit and liquidity risksweresignificantly related to risk management practices in the Ethiopian banking sector. Finally, the study suggested that the National Bank of Ethiopia establish proper, precise, and objectively measured criteria for guiding risk management.  

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Abstract : This study analyzed the impact of social media on the study habit of basic science students in public junior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. This study adopted descriptive research of survey type which comprises of all Basic Science students of JSS II students in public junior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 150 students from five selected secondary schools. Three hypotheses were generated for the study. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The instrument was subjected to validity and reliability mechanism. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.89. The data collected were analyzed through a statistical tool of using one-way ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance to test the three generated hypotheses. The result showed that there was significant impact  there is significant impact of the use of Facebook as a social media on students’ study habits in basic science, there is significant impact of the use of WhatsApp as a social media on students’ study habit in basic science and there is significant impact of the use of Google as a social media on students’ study habit in basic science in the level of utilization of social media among Basic Science. Based on the findings, conclusion and appropriate recommendations were made.  

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Abstract : Background : Anthropometry is the best method of identifying the mortal remains and dismembered bodies in forensic and anatomy departments. It helps in the prediction of stature and built from the long bones. Upper arm length being the most accessible parameter and easy to measure, it is used in this study to prove the relation between height and upper arm length. Objectives : The objectives of the study are to investigate relationship between stature and upper arm length (UAL) and to formulate regression model for estimation of stature from upper arm length (UAL). Methods: : A cross-sectional study was performed on 265  students belonging to first and second MBBS from Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation (aged 18-21 years). Data was collected on anthropometric measurement like height of an individual and length of the upper arm by metallic and plastic tape. Results: All the measured parameters i.e. stature, right upper arm length (RUAL) and left upper arm length (LUAL) were higher in male participants (172.54+5.6, 34+1.4 and 34.06+1.39) compared to female (158.04+5.3, 32.48+1.5 and 32.35+1.49) which was statistically significant (p<0.05) Derived regression equation was stature (S) =3.981XRUAL+34.86 and 4.043xLUAL+30.05 for right and left upper arm respectively. Conclusion: Stature has showed statistically significant correlation with arm length in both sexes. Arm length highly correlates with height and regression equations fitted from arm length was found to be best estimator of height.  

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Abstract : Youth elusive mind to live extravagant life had made them to get involved in money ritualto enrich themselves. The extent of involvement in ritualism among the youths had continuously posed serious threat on the future of the country; as youth who were supposed to build the security system of the country has turn out to pose serious threat on the country. Thus, the future of the country seems to be trending on the negative part of the end justify the means. This study identifies those factors that contributed to youth involvement ritualism in the society; evaluatethe impact of money ritual on the society; identifypossible solutions to this criminal act among Nigerian youth. Political Economy Theory was adopted to explainyouth involvement in ritual killings.It employed survey research method with the gathering of data from 200 students in selected youth in the study area.The respondents identify, unemployment, poor parental upbringing, peer influence and poor economy system as the contributing factors, also, untimely death, insecurity, mutilating of innocent citizen and undermining educational system as the impact on security system and provision of adequate information on dangers of ritual killing, youth empowerment, discouraging flaunting of wealth and capital punishment as the remedy to the criminal act.  The study found out that there is a link between unemployment and ritual killing. It therefore concludes that unemployment and economic hardship were the contributing factors to ritual killing. It recommended that, parent should take the responsibility in proper training of their children and know the friends their wards are relating with and also government should engage in creative youth empowerment programmes to stem the menace.  

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Abstract: This study was carryout to determine the new emerging skills in automechanics industries for   professional development programme in Lagos State.Two research questions  guided the study while two null hypothesis were formulated and tested at  0.05 level of significance. Descriptive Survey design was adopted  and was carry out in Lagos State.The population for the study was 109 respondents comprises technical colleges teachers teaching automechanics and lecturers of  automobile technology in tertiary institutions.All the respondents were involved in the study because of their manageable size.The  instrument for data collection was New Emerging Skills  in Auto mechanics industries for Professional development programme Questionnaire (NESAIPDPQ).Five experts from University of Nigeria Nsukka validated the instrument. Cronbach alpha reliability method and  overall reliability coefficient of 0.86 was obtained. Five research assistant were  involved in data collection. Out of 109 copies of (NESAIPDPQ) administered to 31 lecturers and 78 teachers of automechanics,only 104 copies were properly completed and returned representing 95.41percent return rate. The data collected for the study was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for testing the null hypothesis at 0.05 levels of significance and relevant degree of freedom. The finding of the study revealed that 23 contents were required to implement New Emerging Skills in Auto mechanics Industries for Professional Development Programme. The findings of the study also revealed that 22 teaching strategies, were necessary to implement New Emerging Skills in Auto Mechanics Industries for Professional Development Programme.It was recommended that all the facilities identified for implementing contents and teaching strategies should be provided by government and other enabling bodies.  

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Abstract : The current study represents the development and validation of UV spectroscopic and HPLC methods for simultaneous estimation of Cinnarizine and Piracetam in their combined formulation by using design of experiments (DoE).  In UV spectroscopy method, Cinnarizine and Piracetam were determined by using simultaneous equation method. Methanol was used as solvent. 250 nm and 229 nm wavelengths were selected for the estimation of Cinnarizine and Piracetam. In RP-HPLC method, three independent factors like; Organic solvent composition, Buffer pH and flow rate was employed. Central composite design (CCD) was applied and also to study the response surface methodology. Capacity factor, Retention time and Resolution were simultaneously optimized by using Desirability function for HPLC method. The proposed RP-HPLC method, the optimized and predicted data consisted of mobile phase Acetonitrile: Orthophosphoric acid (pH 2.8 with Orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio of 40:60% v/v respectively, at a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min and wavelength of 229nm.For UV, the linearity ranges from 4-24 µg/ml for cinnarizine and 80-480 µg/ml for Piracetam. For HPLC, the linearity ranges from 2-12 µg/ml for cinnarizine and 40-240 µg/ml for Piracetam .The optimized both method conditions were validated according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The Student’s t-test and Two way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to correlate the results of Cinnarizine and Piracetam determination in dosage form by means of UV and HPLC method. The proposed methods can be routinely employed in quality control for the analysis of Cinnarizine and Piracetam in the pharmaceutical dosage forms.  

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Abstract : Endophytic fungi is the richest source of many bioactive metabolites. It helps  the host plant to improve the nutritional status, pest and disease resistance and physical stress tolerance. The aim of the present study was to separate fungal endophytes from the medicinal plant Pergularia daemiapod and isolate their metabolites. Totally 10 endophytic fungi were isolated and identified as;Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus sps, Mycospharella,  Phomopsis, Cladosporium, Curvularia tuberculata, Fusarium graminaeram, Scytalidum acidophilum, Coelomycetes, Colletotrichum acutatum, Byssochlamys, Phanerochaeta chrysosporium. The highest frequency noted inColletotrichum acutatum(17.1%), the significant changes occur in the colony frequency Alternaria alternate (11%). The colonization frequency is high and it indicates that the diversity of fungal endophytes present in the Pergularia daemia pod.  Thus the resultantpod extract possess the secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, saponins, taninsand flavonoids. These metabolites shows the anti-inflammatory, anti-viralproperties which are useful in pharmaceutical industry.  

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Abstract : A Review of the Effect of Insulance Management on the Fitness-for-service of Generators, Transformers, Motors and Switch Gears is reported. Methods, standards, specifications for assessment of the insulance have been reviewed. Factors impacting on the insulance value have also been noted. And it is considered worthwhile for the proper management of the insulance of electrical assets as this automatically translate to high integrity of fitness-for-service.  

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Abstract Literature Review and Case Study on the Objective-Performance-Reward Cycle (OPRC) in Business Management, Manufacturing/Production Function, Engineering Turnaround Maintenance and Project Management is reported. Classification of types of objectives was noted. Nature and characteristics of Business Objectives were examined. A streamlined approach for setting Business Objectives was considered. Main methods for collection of performance appraisal data were reviewed and the criteria contamination and criteria deficiency factors were noted. The effects, methods and formula for the computation of Reward for Performance (that is pay for performance, P for P) were also considered and demonstrated with abridged case studies. The benefits and advantages of the OPRC were highlighted.  

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Abstract : Housingis of utmost importance to man, hence the need for its continuous supply. With housing deficit in Nigeria at upwards of 19 million housing units, there becomes a need to ensure effective and efficient delivery of housing and a pivotal way to achieve this is to ensure that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies are employed in housing production to address challenges.The aim of the study was to explore CSR strategies adopted by firms for addressing challenges in housing projects. This study collated CSR strategies from past literature and grouped them into the five-housing project life cycle phases.The study then sampled opinion of professionals in four housing developmentprojects in Abuja, Nigeria so as to determine the potentialsof thesestrategies. The data analysis tools adopted for the study were Mean Rating and Kruskal Wallis Test, respectively. The study found the five key CSR strategiesin addressinghousing project challenges to be: Sketch design to match clients’ requirements; Appoint a credible project manager; Enhance land acquisition and compensation process; plan maintain and control work and project resources andUndertake a feasibility study. Information on the ranking of the CSR strategies will inform project stakeholders on importance of their adoptionduring the course of executing housing projects to address challenges.  

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Abstract : This paper examines the religious significance of name and naming in Igbo cultural society. 12 Participants engaged in the Key Informant Interview (KII) were drawn from two Igbo states of south eastern Nigeria; Anambra and Enugu. Using a descriptive narrative approach, the study revealed that the Igbo name is not just a mere tag or a label, but embodies the rich Igbo religious and cultural values of the people. Igbo names and naming ceremonies have reflected significant religious world views of the Igbo. It serves as a source of identity to the child at one hand, it determines the child’s destiny and behaviors, and had also serve as a means of initiating the newborn into the kingdom of humans, the family, the community, and among others. Unfortunately, these values communicated through Igbo names have been under serious threat in the contemporary times due to factors which include; preference of western-sounding names to traditional names, blending of traditional names with English names, and above all, the rampant use of abridged traditional Igbo names. The recent developments poses a challenge to the sustainability of those values and worldviews of the people often communicated through these traditional names.  

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Introduction Abstract : Stress is a widespread medical condition that has permanently engulfed the human race worldwide in the past few decades.  Thisstudy was focused on measuring the changes in the stress level of moderately stressed individuals working in a medical Institution using a single sound-based pranayama tool called Brahmari Pranayama (Bhr. P). The essence of life is the vital force of Prana. According to Yoga Philosophy, whatever exists in this world is controlled by Prana, the vital force. 5 Similar to energy, Prana can neither be created nor destroyed. It exists along with the soul and diminishes with it. Pranaflows continuously throughout and any distortion in its path leads to ailments or Aamaya. Hence, the correction of Prana in Yoga is done using Pranayama. Brahmari Pranayama (Bhr. P) is a Sound-based Pranayama that is described as one out of eight pranayama Practices in Hatha Yoga. The word ‘Bhramari’ " originated from the Sanskrit word “Bhramaram” which means the black bumble bee with a hissing sound, depicting the process in the pranayama.7. The study's main objective is to find out the immediate role of Bhr. P in moderately stressed individuals after two weeks of regular Pranayama practice, Twice daily.  

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Abstract This study investigates the impact of change management, particularly technological change, on employee job satisfaction and commitment in private universities located in North Central Nigeria. Drawing on the Burke-Litwin model as a theoretical framework, the research explores the intricate interplay between internal and external factors influencing organizational performance outcomes. Through a cross-sectional survey design targeting both academic and non-academic staff, data was collected using Likert scale questionnaires distributed among a representative sample drawn from the total staff population comprising 4,871 Academic Staff and 4,282 non-Academic staff members and staff were 383 sampled. The study employs multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to analyze the data, focusing on the mediating role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in shaping employee attitudes and behaviours. Results indicate significant effects of technological change on both job satisfaction and commitment, with Emotional Intelligence emerging as a crucial mediator. Findings underscore the importance of considering multiple predictors in enhancing employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.  

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Abstract: In the multifaceted landscape of entrepreneurship, this research delves into the intricate relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention, focusing specifically on the final-year female undergraduates in Nigerian federal universities. Grounded in the Human Capital Theory (HCT), this study uncovers profound insights into the multifaceted relationships between various entrepreneurial traits and their influence on entrepreneurial intentions.The findings reveal a nuanced relationship between traits such as autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, risk-taking, self-esteem, and the sense of inclusion with entrepreneurial intentions. Autonomy and competitive aggressiveness emerge as significant influencers, while risk-taking displays a non-significant association. Self-esteem holds profound implications, while the sense of inclusion exerts a more subdued impact on entrepreneurial intentions.Theoretical implications challenge and expand existing frameworks, notably HCT. While HCT posits that investments in education and training foster entrepreneurial traits, this study suggests a more intricate relationship. The non-significant association of certain traits, despite their emphasis in HCT, underscores the need for a nuanced understanding, possibly integrating other theoretical frameworks.From a practical standpoint, these findings guide policymakers and educators in designing targeted interventions. Specialized training programs, workshops, and courses emphasizing autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, and self-esteem can be developed. Integrating competitive elements, like business plan competitions, can nurture students' competitive drive.Policy recommendations include tailored entrepreneurial education, fostering inclusive environments, promoting a risk-taking culture, supporting longitudinal studies, and enhancing collaboration between educational institutions and industry.  

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Abstract: The obvious challenges faced by most commercial bank customers while using the services of the ATMs (Automated Teller Machines) across developing countries have triggered the need for an improved system with better security features. Current ATM systems are password based, and research has proved the vulnerabilities of these systems to heinous attacks and manipulations. We have discovered by research that security of current ATM-assisted banking services in most developing countries of the world is easily broken and maneuvered by fraudsters majorly because it is quite difficult for these systems to identify an impostor with a privileged access as against the authentic bank account owner. Again, PIN (Personal Identification Number) code passwords are easily guessed, just to mention a few of such obvious limitations of the traditional ATM operations. In this research work also,we have developed a new system of combined fingerprint biometric scheme with PIN code Authentication that seek to improve security features of traditional ATM installations as well as other Banking Services. The aim is to ensure better security at all ATM installations and raise the confidence of bank customers. It is hoped that our new system will overcome most of the challenges of the current password-based ATM operation if properlyapplied. The Researchers made use of the OOADM (Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology), a software development methodology that assures proper system design using modern design diagrams. Implementation and coding were carried out using Visual Studio 2010 together with other software tools. Results obtained show a working system that provides two levels of security at the client’s side using fingerprint biometric scheme combined with the existing 4-digit PIN code to guarantee confidence of bank customers across developing countries.  

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Abstract : In a world that is rapidly evolving, accounting organizations are making efforts to conform to a standardized language.However, there is still uncertainty regarding the factors that influence its adoption in small and medium-sized businesses, hence the objective of this study. Online data from 313 Nigerian manufacturing and wholesale/retail businesses were analyzed. Smar-t PLS 3.0 was utilized to do the analysis on the study model. The results showed that relative advantage, compatibility and observability affect significantly the IFRS for SMEs adoption. The study reveals that relative advantage, compatibility, and observability significantly influence SMEs' adoption of IFRS. These factors include improved financial statement presentation, profitability, global market recognition, access to loans, and cost reduction. The findings suggest recommendations for regulators and standard setters to address complexity and improve trialability. Subjects: Accounting, Financial Reporting.  

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Abstract : This study delves deeper into the leadership and competency skills exhibited by women involved in Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), examining the potential influences of age, educational background, and marital status. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, comprehensive data were meticulously collected through a combination of interviews and surveys from a diverse group of women who are actively engaged in FPOs. These participants represented a broad spectrum of socio-economic backgrounds, providing a rich and multifaceted dataset for analysis.The research findings unveil compelling correlations between the leadership capabilities of women in FPOs and their levels of educational attainment. Women with higher educational qualifications were found to demonstrate stronger leadership skills, suggesting that educational opportunities play a pivotal role in shaping leadership potential within this context. Furthermore, marital status was identified as another significant factor influencing leadership competencies, with married women often exhibiting distinct leadership styles and approaches compared to their unmarried counterparts.Additionally, age was identified as a crucial factor impacting the development of competency skills among women in FPOs. Younger women were observed to possess a greater propensity for adopting innovative practices and leveraging technology, while older women often showcased valuable experience-based wisdom and resilience in their leadership roles.These nuanced insights provide a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics that shape women's roles within agricultural cooperatives like FPOs. By highlighting the importance of education, marital status, and age in influencing leadership capabilities, this study offers valuable implications for policy-makers, organizational leaders, and community stakeholders. Emphasizing the enhancement of women's leadership capacities can not only empower them individually but also contribute to fostering sustainable community development and gender equality within the agricultural sector.

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Abstract Background: Adolescence is a delicate stage of human development that typically lasts from puberty to maturity. It is a time of change for both physical and psychological growth. India has more than 235 million young people, and China has 225 million. In India nowadays, adolescence (10–19 years old) make up about one in every five people, or about one in six people worldwide. Aim: to study the effectiveness of diabetic self-care management program on glycemic control, Self-insulin administration and level of depression among adolescence with type I diabetes. Objectives: To assess the level of glycemic control,Self-insulin administration and level of depression among adolescents with type I diabetic in the EG and CG. Methods: The glycemic control evaluated through HbA1C level, Insulin administration knowledge assessed through Self structured questionnaireand WHO Wellbeing scale for depression used for assessed depression. The selected intervention samples are received self-care management training like insulin administration demonstration and collected 24 hours diet history and calculate the nutrient volume and advised appropriate nutrition for samples and training for active exercise for physical activity and Yoga & meditation and also, given self-care management training through lecturing, video teaching and information booklet for every Sunday for 12 weeks. First Post test was conducted on 13 week and second post test was conducted after 25 weeks. Interpretation:EG showed a significant improvement comparing the glycemic level before and after the intervention (p<001). Both the EG and CG post-test mean score showed a significant difference (p<001). Conclusion: Diabetic self-care management program used in the study effectively reduced glycemic level, improved self-insulin administration technique and also relieved from depression among adolescence with type I diabetes.  

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Abstract : Intellectual capital is a multifaceted resource that has emerged as the primary resource for driving innovation and contributing significantly to public sector performance. Hence, to analyze the mediating effect of organizational learning on intellectual capital and public servant performance, data from 517 samples was collected and analyzed using descriptive and explanatory research designs. The finding revealed that intellectual capital has a direct effect on public servant performance, but organizational learning is indirect. According to the SEM model, it is also suggested that organizational learning mediates the relationship between intellectual capital and public servant performance. Intellectual capital promotes organizational learning, which enhances public servant performance. This shows human, relational, and structural capital promotes and encourages knowledge acquisition, information interpretation and distribution, and organizational memory among public servants in Addis Ababa city administration. This confirmed the theoretical frame of the study. Hence, it is endorsed Ethiopian public sectors to apply intellectual capital and organizational learning to improve public servant performance.  

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Abstract : Oral presentation skill is an asset for all students, particularly, for graduating classes as they are ready for real world interaction. A graduate with good oral presentation skills has a better chance in career advancement and promotion rather than the one who does not. It is, thus, vital for university students to have exposure to oral communication strategies. The main purpose of this study was to enhance graduating undergraduate students’ oral presentation skills. The study involved a comprehensive training program for undergraduate students (Bachelor of Education and Bachelor of Arts) in Jimma University. Data collection methods included observation checklists, interviews and post-training assessments. The findings revealed key areas for improvement in delivery, content organization and non-verbal communication skills. Challenges identified encompassed issues like inadequate eye contact, unclear speech, and ineffective use of visual aids. The interventions targeted psychological and technical aspects of students’ presentation challenges. Training sessions were conducted to address these issues, with positive outcomes noted in terms of increased self-confidence and improved presentation preparation skills. Recommendations included the need for continued training, practice in English language proficiency, and teacher support to cultivate effective presentation skills among students.  

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Abstract: Mobile health care applications facilitate effective and efficient communication as well as execution of various complex functionalities in health care sectors such as health education, promotion, health care delivery services and patient management. With easy access to smartphone devices and increased dependence of information technology mobile health application (mHealth Apps) remains one of the largest unexploited market in the context of health care services that benefits health professionals, and populations of remote regions by decreasing medical and travel expenses, eliminate chances of inappropriate diagnosis, and establishes a new business model and opportunities by assisting education and training, health promotion, clinical skill development, virtual consultation, supply chain and clinical administration, patient and customer relationship management in a user-friendly, simple and convenient way. Many dental apps have been developed over the years to exclusively assist dental consultation and administration however lack mobility solutions towards medical and pharmaceutical industry, health conscious, wellness and fitness sector, and customer relationship management that address mental, physical, social, environmental, or even spiritual factors associated with overall health of an individual. The present review focus on the role of Non dental mobile software application in dentistry and emphasizes the need for utilization of medical or non-dental electronic resources, software applications by dental students and professionals along with acceptance of new technology in clinical setting at dental professional and oral health care delivery systems to provide advance healthcare delivery, better personal health tracking and enhance the overall quality of patient care.  

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Abstract : Higher Education Institutions are faced with various challenges amidst the ever-changing environment.More so, they are expected to explore ways to ensure the provision of quality education and equip graduates with globally competitive skills. For the University of Baguio, a strategy utilized to ensure that students are assisted even at the onset of their educational journey is the social orientation program which primarily focuses on the skills essential for college adjustment. Hence, this study was carried out to explore the perception of first-year college students towards the two-day social orientation program. Using the descriptive qualitative research design, the responses from the electronic feedback form for school year 2022-2023 underwent thematic analysis. The findings revealed that the topics related to coping and physical self were perceived as the most helpful aspects. The reasons behind this perception included the realizations derived from the topics, improved self-awareness, added knowledge, and the perceived practicality of the topics. Moreover, the respondents expressed plans to utilize what they learned from the social orientation program in their college journey. In light of the research findings, further enhancing the existing module of the social orientation program would ensure that the material will remain relevant to what it seeks to address, which is the smooth adjustment of the students to college life.  

Abstract

Abstract Delving into the intricacies of textual dynamics, this study engages Albert Camus The Stranger as a text that revolves around Meursault's perceived existential detachment and signified otherness. Through a psychoanalytic lens, Meursault is dissected as a manifestation of the signified otherness, representing a paradigm of existential otherness and societal estrangement.In other words,the central concern of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of meaning in a literary work, in terms of how meaning takes place in the text, using Albert Camus’s The Stranger. Camuspresents an enigmatic structure of  Mersault the protagonist of the text, which seamlesslyaids the analysis of structure as the process through which meaning disseminates within the boundary of the prose fiction. By this view of structure, is a re-conception of a traditional view to uncover deeper insights into the relationships between signifiers and signifieds across distances in the text.This paper delves into the psychoanalytic exploration of Meursault, by applying Lacanian theoreticalframework for a thorough elucidation of the study.  

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Abstract: Individuals make infinite decisions in their daily lives that involve money management and investment, such choices are inferred as financial behavior. Healthy financial behavior is a facet of financial behavior. The assessment of healthy financial behavior has large social and economic implications for both policymakers and financial institutions. However, measuring healthy financial behavior quantitatively is difficult and biased, so devising an appropriate measurement for healthy financial behavior is crucial for marketers, policymakers, as well as for the government. The study focuses on reviewing healthy financial behavior, and the common approach for measurements along with its consequent limitations. Further, the study presented the predominant development in the extent of textual analysis and its application in the finance domain. The review of the textual analysis domain helps in understanding its usability in extracting the intended and unintended information about the financial behavior of an individual. The study proposes an integrative framework of how textual analysis can be used to measure financial behavior effectively.  

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This study's objectives are to comprehend internal auditors' attitudes regarding effectiveness and determine whether certain organizational and internal auditor’s characteristics impact the internal auditing process and effectiveness. To evaluate the under-researched premise, the methodology uses a partial least square–structuring equation model (PLS–SEM) with a sample of kano state, Nigerian chief, deputy chief and senior internal auditors. The findings of the data indicate that there is a negative relationship between management support for internal audit department and detection of fraud as internal audit effectiveness determinants. According to the findings, effective monitoring of internal control systems, detection of fraud, internal auditors’ ethical conduct and usage of information technology have a positive impact on internal audit effectiveness as internal audit effectiveness determinants which is supported by the data. In addition to adding to the body of knowledge on the factors that determine internal audit effectiveness, this work advances practice by elucidating the variables that affect internal auditors' actions and formulating suggestions for improving the standard in terms of internal auditing. The study theoretically broadens the scope of the contextual literature on internal audit effectiveness by examining the determining factors of all the predictors through structural analysis.  

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is a common, chronic condition that affects older adults. Age is the greatest risk factor for Osteoarthritis. OA affects about 3.3 to 3.6% of the population globally. It causes moderate to severe disability in 43 million people, making it the 11th most debilitating disease worldwide. Estimation of the worldwide prevalence for symptomatic OA is 9.6 and 18% among men and women, respectively. OA is recorded eighth as a worldwide cause of disability especially among the women. Female sex and age >= 70 years were found to be independent risk factor for osteoarthritis knee. Osteoarthritis affects one’s physical ability and that it has the potential to impair one’s normal functioning. It may lead to substantial difficulties in walking and being able to get around both in the home and outdoors.Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of balneotherapy on knee osteoarthritis,joint pain, stiffness and physical functional ability.Methodology: In this study, a quantitative approach, Quasi experimental researchdesign (pre and post-test with control group design) 70 samples were selected for the study in which 35 samples for experimental group and 35 samples for control group by Convenience sampling technique. Data was collected by using WOMAC scale (joint pain, stiffness and physical function)Results: The mean pretest level of osteoarthritis score was 71.00 (10.22)in the experimental group whereas, in the control group it was 66.14 (9.94) which is found to be significant (p=0.048) at p<0.05. The mean posttest level of osteoarthritis score was 52.31 (10.24) in the experimental group whereas, in the control group it was 67.03 (7.54) which is found to be significant (p=0.000) at p<0.001. This, infers that Balneotherapy is effective in reducing the level of osteoarthritis. Conclusion: From the statistical inferences, it is clearly evident that infers that the intervention, Balneotherapy was highly effective in reducing level of joint pain, stiffness and improving physical function

Abstract

Current research findings in environmental sciences involved both integrative and collaborative technologies with a view of enhancing quality, cost reduction and creating ecological friendly approach upon application. The aim of the study is the application of inorganic and green nanocomposite for the cleaning of toxic metal ions from industrial effluent contaminated water using a synthesized silver nanoparticle from Scleorocaryabirrea stem bark extract. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and characterized with UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), an electron diffraction spectrophotometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The surface shape, the composition,the crystallinity and biogenic structure ofthe AgNPs were revealed by SEM, EDS, XRD and TEM respectively. Columns were packed with synthesized AgNPs, gravel and the simulated industrial waste water containing four different heavy metals (Pb, Co, Cr and Ni) and were made to pass through the burrettes. The concentrations of metals before column analysis were analyzed with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The concentrations (mg/L) before and after the metallic absorptionPb (10.0, 15.0, 25.0), Co (1.0, 2.0,3.00), Cr (2.0; 4.0, 6.0), Ni (0.50, 1.0, 1.50) and Pb (1.378, 1.541, 1. 786)   Co (0.741, 0.872, 0.919), Cr (0.017, 0.027, 0.046) and Ni (0.362, 0.130, 0.090)were estimated accordingly. The percentage heavy metals removal ranges from 25.9 to 99. 3 % for Co (1.0 mg/L) and Cr (4.0 mg/L), respectively. The findings showed an enhanced and effective adsorbent ability at a higher concentration of heavy metals in the contaminated water source and were however, less effective in the adsorbent capacity at a low concentrations of the metals. This suggests the efficacy of a modified natural product in the curtailment of environmental pollution. Hence, S. birreastem bark synthesized NPs is recommended for cleansing a highly contaminated heavy metals containing water for healthy water usage.  

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of financial inclusion on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The problem statement arises from the need to understand how various dimensions of financial inclusion, including loans to customers, deposits, bank branches, mobile banking, and agency banking, influence the returns on assets (ROA) of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Drawing on theories of financial intermediation and inclusive growth, the research adopts a quantitative approach, employing panel EGLS regression analysis to analyze data collected from ten deposit money banks over an eleven-year period (2011-2022). The findings reveal significant positive relationships between loans to customers, deposits, bank branches, mobile banking, agency banking, and ROA, highlighting the importance of financial inclusion in enhancing the performance of deposit money banks. The study concludes that fostering financial inclusion through targeted policies and initiatives can contribute to the resilience, stability, and sustainability of the banking sector in Nigeria. The implications underscore the importance of promoting inclusive financial systems to foster economic growth, reduce poverty, and enhance social welfare. As a recommendation, policymakers should prioritize measures aimed at expanding access to financial services, leveraging technology, enhancing financial literacy, and strengthening regulatory frameworks to facilitate greater financial inclusion and deepen the impact on the broader economy.  

Abstract

The Second African Synod culminated in the publication of Africae Munus in 2011. This post-synodal apostolic exhortation from Pope Benedict XVI, while acknowledging the identity of the Church in Africa as the Family of God, assigned the Church in Africa the coherent mission of reconciliation, justice and peace, therefore, placing emphasis on the social apostolate of the Church without undermining her spiritual engagement. This development marked a new dawn for the development of theology in Africa. While there are several works on the interpretation of the different dimensions of Africae Munus, the present work distinguishes itself by its interrogation of the state of theology from the period after Africae Munus. It raises three major questions: has African theology advanced from the period after Africae Munus? What are the challenges that have affected the advancement of African theology? What are the areas in African theology that require more attention for the achievement of the vision of Africae Munus? Rather than adopt the purely scholastic approach towards theology, the present piece employs a social science approach involving surveys and interviews. All these were done in the spirit of Igwebuike theological framework. From data collected, it argues that even though theology has fared well in the past 13 years in terms of discourses, it has been limited by several factors. In view of the vision of Africae Munus, and her mission for the Church in Africa, the paper submits that African theology has progressed. It further indicates basic areas for the consideration of African theology and theologians.  

Abstract

This paper highlights the growing recognition of African economies' potential to thrive by leveraging their own agency and cultural heritage, challenging the notion of dependence on Western aid and investment. The philosophies of Ubuntu and Umunnanomics are explored as drivers of economic growth in African countries. Ubuntu emphasizes communal harmony and interconnectedness, while Umunnanomics focuses on collaboration, entrepreneurship, and innovation. The paper discusses the application of these philosophies in promoting economic development. It emphasizes the importance of building strong social networks, integrating traditional knowledge and wisdom into modern economic practices, and prioritizing human development and well-being. These principles can foster inclusive growth, empower local communities, and create an environment conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation. The paper concludes by acknowledging the challenges and opportunities in implementing Ubuntu and Umunnanomics in African countries. It highlights the transformative potential of these philosophies but emphasizes the need for a supportive environment for their success.  

Abstract

Uncertified organic farming has become rampart among farmers in an attempt to practice sustainable farming as a means of livelihood in Delta State. This study examined the livelihood security status of uncertified organic vegetable farmers as a possible conversion to certified organic farmers in the study area. Purposive and cluster sampling techniques were adopted to select 163 uncertified organic farmers, UOF (treatment units) and 275 conventional farmers, CF (control unit). Data obtained from questionnaire was summarized with descriptive statistic such as frequency count, percentage and mean; while Composite Index Model (CIM) was used for analysis. The results show that the natural capital index which stood for biodiversity, deforestation, soil pollution and vegetation cover for UOF (NSI = 0.5501, SD = 1.1299) was higher than that of CF (NSI = 0.4631, SD = 0.9953). The Social Capital index which monitors farm labour, social network resources, empowerment and trust stood  above 0.5 for UOF (SCI = 0.5507, SD = 1.0900) and  CF (SCI = 0.5282, SD = 1.0813). The Human Capital index which qualify the contributions of skill, soil management, land management, water management, education and health was higher for UOF (HCI = 1.15) than for CF (HCI = 0.4565, SD = 1.0769). The sustainable livelihood index which cater for NSI, SCI, HCI, FCI and PSI of UOF (SLI= 0.5351, SD =1.1096) was more sustainable than that of CF (SLI= 0.5032, SD=1.0858). Hence, Potential interventions include government and private-public partnership on conversion and infrastructural development targeted at UOF.  

Abstract

This study was carried out mainly to investigate the impact of Leavitt’s wheel and circle communication patterns on principals’ administrative effectiveness in public secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Thedescriptive research design of correlational study was used for the study. The population for this study consisted of 16 public secondary schools and 1,480 teachers. Two sets of validated instruments tagged, ‘’Leavitt’s Wheel and Circle Communication Patterns Questionnaire’’ (LWCCPQ) and ‘’Principals’ Administrative Effectiveness Questionnaire’’ (PAEQ) were employed to collect data from a sample of 200 teachers. Proportionate simple random sampling technique was used to select 200 teachers from seven public secondary schools in the Local Government Area of Ado-Ekiti. The reliability co-efficient (r) obtained for LWCCPQ and PAEQ through test-re-test method were 0.73 and 0.81 respectively. Pearson product moment correlation statistics was used to analyse the data. The null hypotheses formulated were tested at 0.05 level of significance.The study revealed that the level of principals’ administrative effectiveness as well as the level of the use of Leavitt’s wheel and circle communication patterns were satisfactory; and there were significant positive relationship between Leavitt’s wheel and circle communication patterns and principals’ administrative effectiveness.  

Abstract

This study delves into the consumption patterns among residents of the greater Jakarta area, Indonesia, aiming to provide insights into the intricacies of consumer behavior in this urban setting. The research was conducted with a sample size of 425 respondents drawn from various demographic backgrounds within Jakarta. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach. Three hypotheses were formulated to investigate different aspects of consumption behavior among Jakarta residents. Specifically, the research found that socio-economic factors, such as income level and education, have a substantial influence on consumption patterns among respondents. Additionally, cultural preferences were found to play a significant role in shaping consumer behavior, with distinct consumption patterns observed among different ethnic groups in Jakarta. The study also revealed variations in consumption patterns across different demographic groups within Jakarta. Factors such as age, gender, and occupation were found to influence consumer preferences and purchasing decisions. These findings highlight the importance of considering diverse demographic characteristics when analyzing consumption behavior in urban areas. Overall, this research contributes to the existing literature on consumer behavior by providing valuable insights into the consumption patterns among residents of Jakarta, Indonesia. The findings have implications for businesses seeking to tailor their marketing strategies to the preferences of Jakarta consumers, as well as for policymakers aiming to develop targeted interventions to promote sustainable consumption practices in the region. Further research is needed to explore additional factors influencing consumer behavior and to validate the findings in other urban contexts.  

Abstract

Introduction: Stress is an inherent element of human existence, The learning environment for students in the dental profession is well known for being exceedingly stressful. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) can develop as a result of psychological stress. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), also known as recurrent aphthous ulceration, Materials and Methods: The study is designed for a cross sectional online survey for a period of one month (JUNE 2023). The study was intended to a target population of Dental college students in Chengalpattu district in which Undergraduate students from First year BDS to Interns were included. A total of 198 students participated in the study. A twenty five item questionnaire including demographic details were enclosed in the questions which was sent through online mode. Results:  The results of the study states that 74% of them have recurrent apthous ulcer among the student population. Almost 55.6% experienced ulcer more than one year and 66.2% of them had ulcer once in a month of about 74.2% of the students had painful ulcers. When emotions are considered during stress management 57.1% we’re able to control their emotions and 42.9% couldn’t handle the emotional entity, Conclusion: The students exhibit a range of psychological effects on causing stress, with academics, education, and social interaction playing key roles during the course of the dentistry curriculum. Therefore, managing stress and its psychological effects would aid dental college students in overcoming the stress-induced ulcer and enhancing the quality of their oral health

Abstract

  Preterm newborns typically have oral feeding difficulties due to undeveloped oral motor skills and the lack of coordination of sucking, swallowing, and ventilation. Infants must be able to drink all feedings orally while maintaining physiological stability and weight gain in order to be discharged. As a result, trouble with oral feeding leads to prolonged hospital stays and increased expenditures. For example, with over half a million preterm newborns born each year, a three-day reduction in hospital stay would save more than $2 billion yearly. There is a need for evidence-based therapies that promote the development of oral-motor skills, resulting in improved oral feeding and shorter hospital stays and expenditures. The goal of this study was to see if the newly developed Premature Infant Oral Motor Intervention (PIOMI), which began at 29 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) before oral feedings were introduced, would result in a shorter transition from gavage to total oral feedings and a shorter hospital stay (LOS). The PIOMI is a 5-minute oral motor intervention that uses supported movement to stimulate muscle contractions and movement against resistance to increase strength.  

Abstract

This research takes Teacher-student Collaborative Assessment (TSCA) as the theoretical basis, qualitative research as the method, carries out teaching practice, class observation and reflection, and optimizes the spiral rising method of implementation plan through reflective teaching practice, to explore the effective path of implementing TSCA in English for general academic purposes (EGAP) class presentation activity. The research shows that teachers can constantly optimize the guidance strategies for students in each step through classroom practice, observation and reflection to achieve the effect that assessment is learning and assessment promotes learning; the reflective teaching practice can promote the continuous improvement of TSCA in EGAP class presentation activity and the continuous optimization of the TSCA theory.  

Abstract

The post-Cold War era has witnessed a substantial rise in submarine proliferation, resulting in a notable surge in the count of regional submarine operators. This trend prompts an inquiry into the following: Why are submarines being acquired, what is the acquisition process like, and what implications will these endeavors have? This study undertook a comparative analysis of the submarine procurement cases in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam, examining official statements from government and defense authorities. The findings suggest that Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore were likely driven by deterrence and enforcement considerations, while Vietnam's acquisition was primarily motivated by deterrence against China. These insights carry significance as they highlight the potential for mitigating regional submarine-related risks, such as undersea conflict or accidents, by either diminishing threat perceptions among states or exploring effective approaches to maritime domain enforcement.  

Abstract

This study tries to verify the similar and peculiarities of concepts of “brain” and “heart” vis-à-vis religion, Yoruba and English cultures and languages based on semantics, idiomatic expressions, phraseology, among other units of religion and the two languages. The study is a descriptive qualitative survey that relied on secondary source of data. The various entries in this study triggered the conclusion about how rich the Islamic, Yoruba, English cultures and languages are by using and showing various dimensions and ways these two concepts of brain and heart are used independently from the point of view of languages and Islamic cultures. The Islamic Religion and the two languages exhibited the use of figurative expressions, phraseology and other deeper usages of the concepts, among several others.   

Abstract

The paper addresses election rigging and its evolvingdecay in the Nigerian politics.In order to address the issue, clientelism was adopted as its theoretical frameworkwhile secondary sources of data were culled from textbooks, newspapers, journals, internet sources, etc. Besides, Afro barometer survey and resourcesfrom the Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD), Human Rights Watch (HRW) and Carter Centre (CC) were used. Findings revealed that the nature of election rigging before the advent of the fourth republic was traditional and it included the snatching of ballot boxes, collation of fake results and introduction of violence to disrupt the electoral process. The evolving nature of election rigging is‘vote buying,’a tool for winning elections in Nigeria. It isa trend whichevolved fromerstwhile rigging techniques to a moremethodicalrigging technique. Furthermore, factors that accounted for the change from election rigging to vote buying arepoverty, lack of party ideology, digitalization of electoral process and desperation of politicians to win election. It is recommended that government should strengthen the legal framework to curb vote buying in Nigeria

Abstract

The study investigated lecturers’ perspective of microteaching as a quality assurance tool in university teacher education for sustainable development in Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine the extent microteaching  ensures quality assurance in university teacher education for sustainable development. Three research questions were answered  and two hypotheses posed for the study which adopted descriptive survey design with a population of 103 lecturers in Science education and Arts education departments, Faculty of Education, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba,Kogi State. A sample size of 40 lecturers was drawn using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a 15- item questionnaire validated by three experts and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.78 which was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. The data collected were analyzed with mean and standard deviation and the hypotheses tested using t-test. The findings showed poor communication of curriculum content delivered by lecturers, adequate  monitoring and supervision process as well as need for lecturers to improve on identification and utilization of local resources.It was then concluded that microteaching has the potential for quality assurance maintenance in university teacher education, could strengthen lecturers to be better and empower students for the future, though, lecturers need retraining for improvement. 

Abstract

The present research paper makes an attempt to assess the level of achievement of SDGs by BRICS member countries. Five major goals namely; good health &well-being, quality of education, affordable & clean energy, decent work & economic growth and environmental sustainability have been considered to measure the achievement of SDGs by the BRICS member countries. The Sustainable Development Achievement Index has been prepared for the above five major goals. The results show the improvement in the level of achievement of SDGs from 2015 to 2022 however, the level of improvement is not encouraging and a long way has to go. All the BRICS member countries are in need to enhance their pace of effort for realizing the goal. China is expected to achieve the SDGs easily. Russia can also achieve the target with slight improvement in its effort and India and Brazil have to work hard for achieving the SDGs by the year 2030.

Abstract

The emergence of green buildings marks a significant paradigm shift in the construction industry, particularly amid the ongoing evolution of society and economy. Integration of green building materials into civil engineering projects has emerged as a pivotal catalyst for industry advancement. These materials offer a myriad of benefits encompassing comfort, aesthetics, health, and environmental preservation. Consequently, they are increasingly prevalent in upscale designs and both interior and exterior construction endeavours. To further propel the adoption of green building materials in civil engineering, strategic measures are imperative. These include promoting the secondary utilization of waste, fostering the innovation of novel green building materials, and establishing pertinent industry standards. Such initiatives are vital for fostering sustainable growth within the construction sector, ensuring a harmonious balance between developmental progress and environmental stewardship.  

Abstract

Background: Sitting-rising test (SRT) is a simple means of assessing a person's capacity for sitting and standing up from the ground. It gauges the degree of necessary support (knees or hands) and the presence or absence of balance and stability. Sitting and standing up from the floor are fundamental functional tasks for day-to-day existence. It is customary for people of all ages to participate in events and religious practices such as prayer, ritual performance, and ceremony participation while sitting on the floor. Appropriate degrees of muscle strength/power, coordination, body composition, balance, and flexibility are required for many daily actions. The SRT is a rapid and reliable test that gauges one's capacity to sit and stand up from the ground. The Sitting Rising Test is employed as an outcome measure in a number of articles. However, the relationship between the Sitting Rising Test and the strength of the anti-gravity muscles is still unknown, so the purpose of this study is to clinically observe and relate the same. Outcome Measures: Sitting Rising test, Isometric muscle testing (of Glutei, Quadriceps and Calf muscles) and Sorenson testStatistical Analysis: The data will be collected and entered in Microsoft excel sheet and descriptive statistic like mean, standard deviation after ensuring the normal distribution and analysis will be done by  using SPSS version 21 software by taking the help of a Biostatistician. For checking normal distribution of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk Test will be used. The Pearson correlation coefficient will be used, if the data follow normal distribution and the Spearman Correlation will be used if data does not follow normal distribution to find correlation among sitting rising test with Isometric muscle strength and Sorenson test. Conclusion: Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered with Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI), with the registration number for the trial being CTRI/2023/11/060286.  

Abstract

The interplay of organizational culture and commitment are critical factors influencing the attainment of organizational aims. Employing descriptive-correlational research design, this study describes organizational culture and commitment among the faculty of College of Education of Norwest Samar State University. Data were collected through online survey form and subjected to SPSS software for analysis. Result showed they have strong we-centric orientation in the culture of sharing and reinvention. However, female faculty members exhibited lower levels of observed culture of inclusion compared to males. Age and specialization have influenced their perception on culture of inclusion and sharing. The overall organizational commitment of the respondents was moderate, with individual scores indicating slightly lower continuance commitment. This means that they are more likely to stay with the organization because of their emotional attachment to it, but they are less likely to stay because of the perceived benefits of leaving. To improve continuance commitment, the organization my enhance job security, provide development opportunities, empower employees, and support work-life balance. Furthermore, not all dimensions of organizational culture significantly affected organizational commitment. However, culture of wondering and reinvention had an impact on continuance commitment, indicating that leaders should create an environment that encourages curiosity and innovation to reduce turnover. Additionally, the culture of appreciation significantly influenced normative commitment, suggesting that appreciation should be practiced but not excessively to maintain its effectiveness. Overall, the study found moderate positive relationship between organizational culture and job commitment, emphasizing the importance of strong organizational culture in fostering commitment among academic staff.  

Abstract

Educational institutions in Nigeria usually claim that they are equipping learners with competencies they need to gain employment or become self-reliant but the reality does not match this claim. A cursory examination of the economic state of Nigeria, marked by rising unemployment, underemployment and poverty even among university graduates will convince anyone familiar with the situation that the education system needs to do more in terms of preparing students for the world of work. This paper argues that adapting the education system to the demands of 21st century will enable the system to produce graduates who can succeed in the world of work and pull themselves out of poverty. The paper, therefore, presents a roadmap that Nigerian education system can follow in order to offer 21st century education. The roadmap emphasises the need to provide basic education for all citizens; to make valuable inputs that can yield 21st century learning outcomes and also to adapt educational processes to the demands of 21st century education. It requires effective collaboration among stakeholders - government, school managements, ministries of education, related educational organisations, teachers, parents/guardians.In order to explain the development of the roadmap for adapting Nigerian education system to the 21st century, the systems theory was adopted as a theoretical framework. The case study, thematic and analytical approaches were also employed.  

Abstract

In the contemporary landscape of higher education, digital literacy has emerged as a pivotal skill, essential for academic success and future professional endeavours. This research paper delves into the gender disparities within the digital divide among university students, focusing on access, utilization, and proficiency in digital technologies. The study employs a null and alternative hypothesis framework, examining the impact of technology as an independent variable on digital literacy as a dependent variable. The first level of digital divide analysis reveals disparities in access to digital devices, such as laptops and computers, with boys exhibiting a more robust technological presence. The correlation between socio-economic status and access to digital devices indicates a positive relationship for both genders, but boys demonstrate a stronger correlation, suggesting potential gender-based differences in access. Internet access patterns further emphasize distinctions, with girls relying more on mobile data compared to boys. The second level of digital divide scrutiny involves assessing proficiency in using digital tools and the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Boys consistently demonstrate higher proficiency levels in various digital tools, and while a slightly higher percentage of girls report using AI tools, boys exhibit higher proficiency in their usage. Confidence levels also highlight disparities, with boys showcasing higher confidence in using digital devices and technology compared to girls. Overall, the findings substantiate the existence of a gender digital divide, impacting digital literacy among higher education students. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions, such as tailored digital literacy initiatives and enhanced provision of technological resources, to bridge the gender gap. Addressing these disparities is crucial for promoting equitable access to digital resources and cultivating a diverse and proficient workforce capable of navigating the technologically-driven global landscape adeptly.  

Abstract

The key aspect of sustainable design is to achieve natural ventilation through efficient utilization of wind, and maintain body heat balance in the house with little or no expenditure of energy in warm humid climate zone. One of the cardinal attributes of habitability in a house, and indeed any built form in the warm-humid climate zone is effective natural ventilation, or the ability to maintain a constant indoor air flow for residents’ living comfort, even in the face of wind fluctuations. This paper describes and summarizes the results of a series of wind measurements that is performed on different window openings to determine the characteristics of the air flow in rooms. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test conducted at 95% confidence level showed that there was significant statistical difference between the wind induced ventilation of different window openings in rooms. Therefore sound knowledge of performance of wind induced ventilation is necessary for efficient design of window opening in buildings. Recommendations were made for architects and designers to identify and use the effective window openings to improve wind induced ventilation and achieve sustainable building design

Abstract

Callistemon citrinus, often known as C. citrinus, is a member of the Myrtaceae family and has a number of medicinal uses. For example, the aerial parts of this plant are frequently used to treat respiratory problems including cough and bronchitis, hemorrhoids, and parasite infections. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the volatile oil of the seed (SVO) from the plant under study, and high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyse the crude extract. The in vitro bioassays of the volatile oil (VO) were conducted utilizing parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T. b) against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) strain 3D7. Agar diffusion was also used to investigate the same VO's antibacterial properties. Utilizing human cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells), the cytotoxicity of the VO was evaluated. For the wet sample, the SVO yield was 0.95% v/w. α-pinene (13.20%) and eucalyptol (37.56%) were the two primary components of the SVO, which was primarily composed of oxygenated monoterpene (61.26%). Trypanosome/plasmodium parasites are inhibited by samples having an IC50 value of less than 0.02 mg/mL. Against the trypanosome, the SVO's activity was moderate at 0.092 mg/mL. P. falciparum's vitality was not considerably reduced by the SVO at a dose of 0.050 mg/mL. Additionally, it shows no discernible reduction in HeLa cancer cell line proliferation. SVO, on the other hand, showed significant antibacterial action against the six chosen bacterial strains. The study's findings demonstrated that the SVOs have potent bioactive molecules with notable antitrypanosomal and antibacterial qualities, which could provide novel opportunities for the development of antimicrobial and trypanocidal drugs.  

Abstract

This article explores the financial management of Ethiopian Airlines in relation to its expansion efforts. The study highlights the crucial challenge of achieving sustainable growth in public organizations. A case study approach is employed, analyzing Ethiopian Airlines' income statement and balance sheet from 2008 to 2022. The financial statements are used to calculate the company's actual and long-term growth rates over the specified period using the sustainable growth model. The findings reveal that the company's actual growth fell short of the expected sustainable growth rate between 2008and 2019. However, progress has been made in growth management following the implementation of the Public Enterprise (Reform) Proclamation No.25/1992. The researcher recommends that government policy decisions consider allowing the firm to adjust its dividend payout ratio to meet funding requirements. Additionally, improving asset turnover and profitability is proposed to address potential growth concerns. Suggestions include increasing the payload factor and reducing costs. The study identifies the company as a cash absorber, requiring adequate capital to support operations during the initial eight years of the study. The management appears to be addressing this financial management challenge by increasing leverage and deferring dividend payments. However, the airline's growth rate in the last seven years (2016-2022) has been disappointingly slow compared to the initial eight years. Ethiopian Airlines has maintained a modest growth rate from 2016 to 2022, paying minimal dividends to the government. Furthermore, the company has made significant investments in three African airlines, contrary to academic recommendations.  

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to examine how the South-East gubernatorial elections of 2023 were covered on social media, including in Abia and Enugu states. Primary as well as secondary sources were used to get the study data. Theoretical Framework for Agenda Setting: Applications and Rationale Theories were used in the appropriate literature has to examine a variety of phenomena. The study used survey design method of research. A basic random sampling technique was used in the study. The population comprises of registered voters who have their Permanent Voter Card (PVC) in Abia State and Enugu State with figures 2,120,808 and 2,122,793 respectively. The total figure of 4,243,601 was used for the study. The sample size of 366 voters used for the study were derived using Taro Yamane (1964) formulae. 188 registered voters in Abia South and 188 registered voters in Enugu South received the questionnaire in a proportionate manner thanks to the use of Bowley's formulas in the stratified sampling technique. The statistical program, SPSS Version 21, for Simple Regression Analysis was applied by the researcher to analyze the data. The researcher discovered that: there was a level of political awareness generated by social media in the recently concluded 2023 governorship elections; there is a frequency of social media coverage on the success of the recently concluded 2023 governorship election; Social media has an impact on a candidate's likelihood of winning the election since Nigerians are interested in and communicate about politics. The study suggested that the electoral statute be revised to set explicit rules for the use of social media in Nigeria's future elections.  

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare physical fitness and anthropometric characteristics of defensive and offensive soccer project players. To achieve the purpose of this study, we used stratified sampling technique to obtain a representative sample of 24 male defensive players and 24 male offensive players from four male soccer projects. Male defensive players included those playing as goal keeper, right full back, left fullback and Centre half back positions whereas male offensive soccer project players included those playing in right forward, left forward and Centre forward positions, including outside right and outside left. The height was measured while standing erect looking straight ahead and bare footed against the stadiometer. Body weight with minimal clothing (0.05kg) was measured with a spring balance. The height and weight measured were used to calculate the body mass index (BMI) dividing weight (in kg) by height (in meters) Squared (wt / Ht2). Cardiorespiratory Fitness was tested using 12-Minutes Run Test whereas Back and Hamstring Muscles Flexibility was measured using Sit and Reach Test. To measure Abdominal Muscles Strength and Endurance, Sit-Up Test was applied. Upper Muscles Strength and Endurance was measured by administering 90o-Pushup Test. Finally, to measure Lower Limb Explosive Power, Standing Broad Jump Testwas applied.The results indicated that male offensive players demonstrated greater flexibility and explosive strength than male defensive players. Male defensive soccer project players were significantly taller and heavier than the male offensive players, depending on their playing experience. It was recommended that: taller and heavier male soccer project players should be selected for defensive positions. Male soccer project players with height and weight but greater flexibility and explosive strength should be selected for offensive positions in soccer.

Abstract

The study aims to assess the sensual, textural, and nutritional quality of Moringa Energy Bar to improve health promotion among the adolescent population. Moringa, which is gaining a neutraceutical perspective out of various pieces of research, is incorporated into food product development. Moringa leaves from the "Miracle Tree, "a habitat of origin from South Asia, are enriched with macro and micronutrients that combats both malnutrition and Hidden Hunger (Micronutrient Deficiency). The phytochemical properties like anti-diabetic, anticancer, antiulcer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant nature of Moringa leaves make it a superfood. Moringa Leaves were processed using the conventional method to obtain unsieved coarse Moringa Leaf Flour. Moringa Energy Bars are prepared using 50%, 70%and 80% concentrations. Organoleptic evaluation of M3, M2, and M1 by 24 semi-trained personnel identified M3 with 50% concentration to be more acceptable. The Nutritionally analyzed M3 Moringa Energy Bar contained (12.1g) Fibre (9.8g), Iron (10.1g), Magnesium (112mg), Calcium ( 345mg), Zinc (19.4mg), and a good source of energy (447Kcal) as well. The Nutritionally analyzed M3 Moringa Energy Bar contained (12.1g) Fibre (9.8g), Iron (10.1g), Magnesium (112mg), Calcium ( 345mg), Zinc (19.4mg), and a good source of energy (447Kcal) as well. Moringa as a nutraceutical agent, in addition to average dietary value utilized in nutritional snack bar development, aids in health promotion and disease prevention among adolescents with unhealthy food habits like junking. The Moringa energy bar supplies the recommended dietary allowance of micro and macronutrients and contains antioxidants like flavonoids.  

Abstract

The Higher Education Institutions are foundational in the developing and strengthening of local, national and global goals. It is then rudimentary that the mission statement and objectives of the school offices are anchored in the university vision, mission, and objectives; as reflected in the services they offer. The study was conducted to examine the realization of the mission and objectives of the University of Baguio student support offices in the different services or programs extended to the whole school community. The study used the descriptive survey method of research, where the responses of 353 stakeholders (262 students and 91 employees) were analyzed through descriptive statistical analysis. Findings showed that both the office mission statement and office objectives are realized in the student support services offered. More so, from this research findings, an action plan was crafted to provide additional insight as to how the realization of the office mission statement and objectives could continuously be fostered by the concerned student support offices. Office mission and objectives in an academic institution set the pathway for the identified services relative to the identified thrust of the institution itself. Thus, it is fundamental that the offered services capture the cited office mission and objectives, consequently strengthening the pursuit of internationalization and attainment of the sustainable development goals. 

Abstract

The discomfort of indoor environmental condition in occupied spaces in Hostel buildings has escalated due to combined effect of high solar radiation and humidity levels in the warm-humid climate which is an impact from climate change. The discomfort faced by occupants of buildings are less effective air flow; which cannot ensure personal thermal comfort and expel moisture that can impact on the indoor environmental performance. As a result, these have contributed to use of artificial means to provide a comfortable thermal environment at high energy consumption. This paper reports on the investigation using questionnaire to analyse the thermal comfort in naturally ventilated Hostel buildings. Occupants were asked to assess environmental conditions in terms of thermal comfort by filling in the questionnaire. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test conducted at 95% confidence level showed that there was significant statistical difference between the occupants thermal comfort performances in the Hostel building. The result shows that thermal comfort of the occupants is influenced by the ventilation potential in the Hostel building. The use of natural ventilation potentially reduces the operational and the maintenance cost needed for mechanical system. Recommendations were made for effective ventilation to improve occupant’s thermal comfort.  

Abstract

: This study aims at analyzing teacher talk of new teachers and experienced teachers in Japanese classroom at the level of mood, comparing the similarities and differences in the mood distribution, revealing the interpersonal meanings conveyed by different choices of mood, and then exploring how teachers can enhance teacher-student interaction by improving the mood of discourse. Based on the results of the data analysis, the findings of this research can be stated as follows:(1) The use of declarative and interrogative moods was the highest in both types of teacher discourse, while imperative mood was used the least frequently;(2)Compared with new teachers, experienced teachers tended to use more declarative and interrogative mood to give instructions in order to make their proposals or statements sound more polite and negotiable. Based on interpersonal meaning theory,teachers should master various mood structures and use them appropriately in the classroom, pay attention to the diversity of teachers' discourse, spend more time communicating with students and be fully aware of their role in the classroom.

Abstract

Among all crimes committed, youth delinquency is a major issue throughout the world. It covers a multitude of different violations of legal and social norms, ranging from misdemeanors to felonies perpetrated by young people. To be up against crimes, devising community policing is found to be the best approach. In 2005, Ethiopia officially announced community policing as a policy at the national level. From whole to part, Amhara National Regional State has developed a regional community policing strategy by the Amhara National Regional Police Commission in the same year. In the process of implementing this crime prevention strategy, there are prodigious factors that deter its effectiveness. This study, therefore, is design to investigate factors that affect the implementation of community policing program in preventing youth delinquency in some selected towns of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia.  In doing so, mixed research approach and cross-sectional research design was used. The data were collected through in depth interview and questionnaire. Hence, low community and police force awareness about community policing (66%); absence of integrated police-community partnership (45%); insufficient human and material source(58.33); low engagement of the community with the police(53.33%);absence of integrated police-community partnership (45%), lackof anenablinglegislativeandadministrativeenvironment (34.16%); absence of organizational structures for community policing implementation (47.5%); and low community perception were found to be factors that affect community policing. As researches on factors that affect community policing strategy in Ethiopia are limited, there is paucity of information on community policing. Thus, this study may contribute to policy, evidence based community practices and future research.  

Abstract

The study investigated the impact of Trade Agreements on the Strategies of Multinational Enterprise.The study adopted a systematic approach to comprehensively analyze the existing literature on Trade Agreements and Strategies of Multinational Enterprise. The methodology involves conducting a systematic search across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant articles published between 2019 and 2023. Keywords and phrases related to the topic were utilized, including Trade Agreements, Strategies of Multinational Enterprise, Trade Agreement Intensity Index, Market Expansion Index, Policy Change Sensitivity, Innovation and Adaptation Score, Compliance and Governance Metric, Global Supply Chain Efficiency, Trade Agreement Network Density, Financial Performance Indicator. Articles were included if they met the criteria of being published in peer-reviewed journals, written in English, and directly relevant to the topic of interest, while exclusion criteria included non-peer-reviewed sources, articles not written in English, and studies not directly related to the topic. The findings collectively underscore the importance of dynamic models, context-specific analyses, and multilateral approaches to address the intricate relationships between trade agreements, multinational enterprises, economic growth, and governance metrics. The current study with reference to Policy Change Sensitivity (PCS) aligns with this body of research, highlighting the continued significance of policy dynamics in shaping the behavior of multinational enterprises and emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies in the ever-evolving global economic environment.  

Abstract

This research paper delves into the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) framework for evaluating and prioritizing factors within the context of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). With a focus on small-scale industries in Jalgaon District, the paper aims to enhance understanding and implementation of GSCM principles. The AHP framework enables systematic comparison and weighting of different criteria, facilitating decision-makers to identify critical areas for improvement and resource allocation. The research emphasizes the significance of AHP in assessing and ranking factors critical to sustainable supply chain management, offering valuable insights for decision-makers in the pursuit of environmental responsibility and efficient operations. It presents the results of AHP analysis for GSCM practices, drivers, barriers, and pressures. Also highlights the relative significance of these factors, aiding in prioritizing efforts and resources towards sustainable and efficient supply chain practices.  

Abstract

Background: Traditional forms of therapy include cupping with wet and dry cupping as the two distinct forms of it. In wet cupping, tiny incisions or skin scarring are made with a lancet or knife and then strong suction is applied for five to seven minutes whereas in dry cupping, cups are placed on the skin and negative pressure is applied using a human pump, an automatic pump, or a fire technique. Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cupping in treating a variety of illnesses. Cupping therapy has reported to improve the skin's blood flow alongwith changes in the skin's biomechanical characteristics, elevates the pain threshold, improves anaerobic metabolism locally, reduces inflammation, and other changes. Many methods are used to improve the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. To enhance or develop hamstring flexibility, various techniques are employed, including stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, muscle energy technique, dry cupping etc. Very few studies have shown the efficacy of dry cupping in improving hamstring flexibility, thus this study needed to be carried out  

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of Azima tetracantha in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Diabetes mellitus wasinduced by single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) and diabetic rats were treated with 300mg/kg bodyweight of the extract(s) for 30 days.Antidiabetic effect was monitored by body weight, blood glucose level, serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, liver glycogen, LPO, SOD, GSH and Catalase levels in diabetes induced rat (induced by Streptozotocin). Diabetic rat treated with 45 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Azima tetracanthafor 30 days showed a significant decline in their blood glucose level, total cholesterol, triglycerides,LDL-Cholesterol and significantly increased HDL-Cholesterol and liver glycogen.In diabetic rat, a significant elevated LPO level was detected but later restored to normal after the intraperitoneal administration of Azima tetracanthaextract. The levels of SOD, GSH and Catalase had a significant decrease in diabetic rat. Subsequently, administration of Azima tetracanthaextract was done which resulted in increased SOD, GSH and Catalase levels.Thus the present findings suggested that the aqueous extract of Azima tetracanthahad a good antidiabetic potential in enhance the diabetic condition in Wistar rat.    

Abstract

The study examined the effect of work-life balance on employee productivity of Deposit Money Banks (DMB) in Southeast, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: ascertain the contribution of flexible work-arrangement in increasing customer patronage of DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; examine the effects of virtual work option on meeting of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) by employees of DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; determine the effects of managing leisure time on employees’ innovation at DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; assess the effects of achieving childcare obligations on employee effectiveness at DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; appraise the effects of meeting sociocultural obligations on employees output at DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design with a total population of 1703 which was reduced to a manageable sample size of 313 respondents using Freund and William’s statistical formula. However, the study made use of 305 copies of duly completed and returned questionnair for the analysis.The study also adopted stratified sampling technique to reach out to different strata using structured questionnaire. The study adopted conetent validity to validate the research instument. Both te-retes analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha Statistic were used to test the reliability of the instrument, of which the results were more than 70%. The primary data collected were subjected to statistical test using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS. Findings revealed that: (i) Flexible work-arrangement significantly contribute to the increase in customer patronage in DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; (ii) Virtual Work Options have significant effect on the achievement of employee KPI’s in DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; (iii) Management of leisure time has significant influence on employees’ innovation in DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; (iv) Achievement of childcare obligations has significant effects on employee effectiveness in DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria; and (v) Meeting of sociocultural obligations has significant effect on employees output in DMB’s in Southeast, Nigeria.The study therefore concluded that work-life balance has a significant effect on employee productivity in Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Southeast, Nigeria. Thus, the study, inter alia, recommended that DMBs should actively promote and implement flexible work arrangements to not only accommodate employees' needs but also leverage the positive impact on customer patronage, fostering a more customer-centric approach.  

Abstract

Purpose: The investigated the influences of virtual work on employeeperformance during the Covid-19 pandemic in selected banks in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology/Approach:The study adopted the survey research design. Structured questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection for this study. A total of 152 copies questionnaire were administered to employees of five selected banks in Osogbo. A total of 141 participants responded and completed the survey giving a response rate of 92.8%. The presentation of thedata for the demographic information of respondents was done using frequency count and percentages. The hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis. The Statistical Packagefor the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 was used to analyze the data. Result/Findings: The findings revealed that virtual work significantly influenced employee productivity performance of selected banks during the Covid-19 pandemic in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Also, virtual work significantly influenced employee adaptive performance of selected banks during the Covid-19 pandemic in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Furthermore, virtual work significantly influenced employee contextual performance of selected banks during the Covid-19 pandemic in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Finally, virtual work significantly influenced employee task performance of some selected banks during the Covid-19 pandemic in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Practical Implications:The result of the study indicated that virtual work significantly influenced employee productivity performance, employee adaptive performance, employee contextual performance and employee task performance during the Covid-19 pandemic in selected banks in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. This implies that the banking sector should invest more in technological innovations to sustain virtual work activities to hence effective banking performance. Conclusion:The study concluded that virtual work is important to employee performance in the survival of every organization in the present global economy crises due to Covid-19 pandemic.  

Abstract

The supratrochlear foramen (STF) is a perforation in the septum that separates the coronoid fossae and the olecranon, in the distal portion of the humerus. The supratrochlear foramen is present in some humans, with an incidence rate that varies greatly between populations. The study included 101 human humeri bones, However, there were only 33 bones with the Supratrochlear Foramen. The Transverse diameter, Vertical diameter of the foramen and the Distance from the Medial epicondyle, Distance from the Lateral epicondyle, Distance from lower trochlear margin, were noted with digital vernier calliper. The data was tabulated and analysed. The mean and standard deviation of Transverse diameter of STF on the right side was 7.19±2.00 mm and 7.53±2.5mm on the left side were observed. The mean and standard deviation of vertical diameter of STF on the right side was 5.36±1.33mm and 4.83±1.00mm on the left side were observed. Nominal variations were observed when we compare with both the genders. The overall frequency of STF was 32.6%. These percentages fall within a medium to high range distribution when compared to other populations studied in previous research. The present provides new data to the literature on STF. Its significance lies in illuminating the frequency of this feature across various populations in closely situated geographical regions. Furthermore, researchers can employ this inaugural study as a foundation for clinical, radiological, and anatomical considerations pertaining to that specific anatomical area.  

Abstract

Background: A healthy musculoskeletal balance is the foundation of excellent posture, whereas an improper alignment of different body components puts undue stress on the framework that supports the body. The cervical spine is positioned anteriorly in the forward head posture which puts excessive strain on the cervical muscles resulting in muscular imbalances. Around >70% of people have forward head posture as a result of prolonged static position, which tightens the muscles in the neck and shoulders.  One of the non-invasive therapy option for reducing pain and deformity is the Kinesio taping. It has been used by healthcare practitioners in recent years to treat and prevent musculoskeletal alignment issues. Whereas Scapular retractor exercises are another useful therapeutic exercise used to improve proprioception and address postural abnormalities. Paucity of evidence and few researches suggest that Kinesio taping improves alignment and lessens pain; conversely, few investigations have found the opposite. The goal of the study is to compare the effects of kinesio taping and scapular stabilization exercises on forward head posture. Methodology: Participants having forward head posture will be screened as per the routine musculoskeletal assessment. Those who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to either to the Interventional group (Kinesio taping + Conventional exercises) or the control group (Scapular stabilization exercises + Conventional exercises) with the use of simple randomization. Patients in both the groups (Interventional group and control group) will receive 2 days treatment (on 1st day and 4th day) in a week as per the treatment protocol planned.  Outcome Measures: Craniovertebral angle, Neck disability index, Numeric rating scale Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics using the latest version of SPSS software will be done by taking help of a Biostatistician. Conclusion: The results of this RCT will be helpful in adding information about the treatment of forward head posture with the Kinesio taping or scapular stabilization exercise to be more effective than the other. Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered with Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI), with the registration number for the trial being CTRI/2023/12/060702.  

Abstract

Purpose: Labour productivity has been identified as one of the causes of the decline in the construction sector's growth, mainly because factors, strategies and parameters for predicting improvements have not been fully explored. The study aimedat identifying and assessing factors contributing to labour productivity in construction projects in Zambia. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design using quantitative methods. Data was collected from 150 structured questionnaires administered to Project Managers, Site Engineers, General Foremen, Bricklayers and Handymen with a response rate of 81%obtained. 122 respondents confirmed the extent of the impact of the factors through a survey questionnaire whose scale was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha which was found to be > 0.8. The primary data which was obtained from questionnaires was analyzed using descriptive statistics.  Findings: The study identified 36 key factors of productivity and grouped them as project-related, management-related, labour-related and industry-related. The top five ranked factors included: working heights, poor time planning and scheduling, poor sequencing of work, lack of experience and skill, and poor working environment. The study confirmed through 74.60% of the participants that productivity is highly affected negatively by the presence of Project-related, Management-related, Industry-related and labour-related factors. Based on the findings, there is a need for construction firm managers to develop a strategy to measure, monitor and document data on the labour productivity of every project activity and site, in order to increase organizational efficiency. Implications/Research Limitations: The study did not focus on productivity from projects dependent on plant and equipment but rather focused on labour-intensive projects. Furthermore, the present study focused on specific trades such as bricklaying and concreting. Similar studies aimed at enhancing productivity in plant and equipment or other trades would provide further information in coming up with more comprehensive policies. Practical Implications: This study's findings are key to improving productivity in labour-intensive construction projects and generating data for decision-making by policymakers and construction managers. Originality/Value: With the identified decline in the growth of the construction sector, enhancing labour productivity is being encouraged though there is evidence that strategies and parameters for predicting improvements have not been fully explored. Thus, the current study is among the few to be undertaken in Zambia and provides critical industry information for planning and enhancement of labour productivity in the construction sector. 

Abstract

This geotechnical study delves into sustainable soil stabilization methods for urban pavement construction in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. It compares conventional cement-based approach with innovative geopolymer-based techniques, employing recycled glass powder, polyethylene terephthalate with alkaline activator (NaOH). The Laboratory experiments assess mechanical and geotechnical properties, including Atterberg Limits, compaction test and permeability tests for the samples (Control, CBS, PBS and PABS). The result of the atterberg limit shows 23, 35, 28, and 29; 46.83, 53.33, 51.69 and 49.09; 23.83, 18.33, 23.69 and 20.09 for the PL, LL and PI of the samples respectively. For the compaction test, PBS and CBS has 15.0% and 13.0% in their Moisture content and 1.722 and 1.790 dry unit weight (Mg/m³) respectively. For PABS, the 4 samples was prepared with PET+ RGP of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. In the result obtained for PABS, the Moisture content increased as the proportion increases (14.5%-14.8%)  leading to a corresponding decrease in the dry unit weight (1.7Mg/m³ - 1.677Mg/m³). For the soil permeability test, the geopolymer-based stabilized soil (PABS) shows a low permeability coefficient (2.46x10-7 m/s) which according to British Standard BS:1377-5:1990(1998b), for subgrade soils in road pavements, the maximum permeability of 1x10-6 m/s or lower is typically recommended to ensure the long-term durability and stability of the pavement structure. A lower permeability helps the soil withstand moisture infiltration and maintain its strength and stability over time. The study highlights the dual benefits—improved soil properties and sustainable waste management. The research focuses on the potential of waste materials in addressing challenges in waste management and enhancing pavement construction practices, contributing to sustainable urban development in regions grappling with these issues.  

Abstract

Background: Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) prevalence is considerably high in younger individuals due to postural muscle tightness and weakness of core stability muscles. Early diagnosis of the sources of NSLBP may help to prevent it from being transformed into Chronic NSLBP. This study aimed to analyze and then compare the effectiveness of two manual treatments in two separate groups i.e., myofascial release technique (MFR) and Stretching exercise on persons with non-specific low back pain. Materials and Methods: 42 healthy individuals having NSLBP with age group of 18 to 35 years having tightness of Quadratus lumborum (QL) and Piriformis muscle were recruited. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups. Group A received MFR technique with core strengthening exercise (CSE) and Group B received Stretching exercise with CSE, for 6 weeks, 3 days/week. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and core strength was measured before and after the 6 weeks. Results: It showed significant reduction in NPRS (p=0.001), improved the ODI (p=0.001) and core strength (p=0.001) in both the groups. The inter group comparison showed MFR gave better result than stretching in improving core strength (p=0.014) but both the interventions were equally effective in increasing the ODI and reducing the pain (p>0.001), 6 weeks after the treatment. Conclusion: MFR and Stretching both are equally effective in reducing pain and improving ODI. However, MFR is more effective than stretching in improving core strength for individuals with non-specific low back pain.  

Abstract

Community immersion activities in schools are designed to connect students with the local community, foster a sense of social responsibility, and provide practical learning experiences. And so, this study aims to assess the effect of community immersion on the lifelong learning skills of NSTP students for the school year 2023 to 2024. A sample size using Slovin’s Formula was used to determine its respondents which is 217. Moreover, an adopted survey questionnaire was used in gathering data personally and through the Google Form. Specifically, this study explores the extent, benefits, and effectiveness of community immersion activities within the National Service Training Program (NSTP) and their impact on students' lifelong learning skills. The findings of the study reveal that NSTP students highly practiced community immersion activities, as evidenced by a mean score of 4.17. Particularly, activities emphasizing teamwork, documented efforts, and the promotion of solidarity received the highest rankings. Teamwork, highlighted by a mean score of 4.46, emerged as the most valued and engaged activity. In addition, community immersion is very highly beneficial, with a mean of 4.33, to the lifelong learning skills of NSTP students. Notably, it significantly contributes to the development of life skills, self-understanding, and relationship-building. Furthermore, community immersion is deemed very highly effective, with a mean of 4.26, in enhancing the lifelong learning skills of NSTP students. Based on the findings, the conclusions were drawn, that community immersion gave substantial experience to students through involvement in different community immersion activities. It also significantly contributes to students’ holistic development honing the diverse skills of students that are crucial for lifelong learning. Therefore, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the efficacy of service-learning programs in nurturing well-rounded and adaptable individuals. Furthermore, understanding this is crucial for refining community engagement strategies and ensuring ethical practices.  

Abstract

Biodiversity loss is a pressing global issue that has significant implications for ecological systems, human well-being, and socioeconomic development. While the ecological consequences of biodiversity loss are well documented, their potential impacts on the stability of financial systems, particularly in developing countries, have received limited attention. This research article aims to explore the complex relationship between biodiversity loss and financial system stability in developing countries. Data for the study was obtained from world development indicators for all Sub-Saharan African countries (SSA) with relevant data. The study adopted a pooled OLS model and a two-step system GMM model to investigate the impact of biodiversity loss on the stability of financial systems in SSA. The results of the two models suggest that carbon emissions, GDP, FDI, and the real exchange rate are all significant determinants of non-performing loans. Policymakers should consider these relationships and implement appropriate measures to enhance economic resilience, regulate investment inflows, and mitigate risks that could lead to non-performing loans and financial instability.  

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the drivers, benefits, and challenges of publication activities for industry professionals. Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions: What motivates authors from industry to publish journal papers? (b) Are the benefits of publication activities commensurate with the time and effort invested? (c) What challenges are faced by industry professionals while working on research papers? It employs a case study approach, focusing on a Saudi national company. A questionnaire was distributed to 170 authors, and 41 of them responded. The study uses descriptive statistics to analyze the responses. It found that industry professionals are motivated by three primary drivers for participating in publication activities: career development, supporting their organizations' publication Key Performance Indicator (KPI), and self-satisfaction and self-fulfilment. The respondents were almost equally divided among the three drivers, with 31% each. The majority of respondents believed that participating in scientific publications helped them develop their competencies, while only 10% indicated that such activities were not worth the time and effort invested. The study also identified the main challenges faced by industry professionals when working on research papers, which include identifying topics, time constraints, lack of incentives, lack of resources, accessing data, lack of financial resources, and lack of management support. The study provides insights into the drivers, benefits, and challenges of publication activities for industry professionals, specifically in the context of a Saudi national company. The findings provide valuable insights for both industry professionals and organizations seeking to promote publication activities.  

Abstract

Research findings have consistently emphasized the importance of home literacy environment (HLE) in the life-long learning goals of a child. They proposed that the language and literacy skills of a child are best developed and nurtured in the child’s familiar environment, in this case, the home. To achieve this, there are necessary HLE dimensions which should be put in place. It is against this backdrop that, this study set out to ascertain the availability of these indices (HLE Dimensions) in the HLE of children. Against this backdrop, a twenty five – item questionnaire was administered to fifty parents of nursery pupils randomly selected from five private schools in Owerri North Local Government Area. The data collected were analysed using the frequency count and simple percentage method. Amongst other findings, it is discovered that in as much as HLE dimensions thrive to a commendable extent in many of the respondents’ homes, however, there are no quality parent-child literacy interactions as well as no study stations for quality literacy activities which aid language and literacy development of the child. In view of this, this study thus recommends that as a matter of urgency, parents should devote quality time to their children’s home literacy interactions for success in the child’s literacy and language development.  

Abstract

Organisations today focus on leadership structures that can successfully steer the firm out of muddy, uncertain and intensely competitive business environments. Thus, there is a need for a leader who can continuously ensure organisational steadiness by giving timely and appropriate leadership direction to both the human and other resources. This research was designed to investigate the effect of ambidextrous leadership on deposit money banks' performance in South-South Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted to study three hundred sixteen (316) consenting randomly selected respondents. A pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to elicit information relating to the objectives. Data collected was presented in frequency, mean, and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using regression analysis at a 5% significance level. The result showed a significant effect of ingenious leadership behaviour on innovativeness (Coefficient: 0.486, t = 14.381, P-value: < 0.05). Open leadership behaviour did not significantly affecta brand position in Deposit Money Banks in South-South, Nigeria. (Coefficient: -0.040, t = 0.4151, P-value: > 0.05). The study concluded that ambidextrous leadership behaviour hasa significant effect on deposit money banks' performance in South-South, and it is recommended that Deposit Money Banks should actively promote and cultivate ingenious leadership skills among their leaders. This recommendation can be achieved through leadership training and development programs that foster creative problem-solving and innovation. Moreover, open leadership behaviour did not significantly affect brand position; it is still essential for leaders to foster transparency and open communication within theorganisation. Organisation leaders should prioritise transparent and open communication strategies to enhance the brand position and ensure alignment with brand values and messages.  

Abstract

Background: ‘Long-COVID-19’ or ‘COVID-19 long-haulers’ are patients who experience symptoms for >28 days after diagnosis of COVID-19, whether laboratory-confirmed or clinical. Some symptoms such as fatigue may be continuous, while others are intermittent. These continuous symptoms affect functional capacity as well as quality of life. Thus, it becomes important to focus on both the dimensions following discharge of COVID-19 patients. This study aims to assess the functional capacity and health-related quality of life in long haulers of COVID. Methodology: An observational study was carried out which included 124 participants with a history of COVID-19. They were given an EQ-5D-5L questionnaire for the assessment of Health-related quality of life. Then, patients were asked to perform 6MWT and findings were recorded. Result: The study showed significant adverse effects on functional capacity in long haulers of COVID-19. A significant negative correlation was also found between the total distance walked in 6MWT and quality of life as assessed by EQ-5D-5L. (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Long haulers of COVID-19 have declining effects on functional capacity and health-related quality of life.  

Abstract

The aqueous leaf extracts of Datura Stramonum and Ricinus Communis were utilized for the analysis of their phytoconstituents, encompassing alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthroquinone glycosides, saponins, and triterpenes. The findings from the extracts of Datura Stramonum and Ricinus Communis leaves revealed promising phytocompounds such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, and triterpenes. To address the presence of these toxic phytocompounds, it is recommended to either eradicate these two plant species or utilize them in a beneficial manner. This research investigates the dual benefit of eliminating waste while generating biogas through anaerobic digestion of organic materials, offering an environmentally sustainable renewable energy option.Biogas production was evaluated through the co-digestion of cow manure (CM), Datura stramonium leaves (DSL), and Ricinus Communis RC Leaves in three mix ratios (60%DSRC: 40%CD, 50%DSRC: 50%CD, and 40%DSRC: 60%CD) under mesophilic conditions at 38ºC using a batch mode digester over a 30-day fermentation period. In all treatments, physico-chemical factors such as pH, total solids, volatile solids, organic carbon, nitrogen, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio were measured before and after anaerobic digestion. The results showed a significant increase in pH and total nitrogen after anaerobic digestion, while volatile solids and organic carbon exhibited a notable decrease. Biogas yield was higher in treatments where the two substrates were co-digested with cow dung compared to digestion with leaves alone. Among the mix ratios, 60% DSRC leaves co-digested with 40% CD resulted in the highest biogas production. Overall, the study suggests that co-digestion of cow manure with Ricinus communis and Datura stramonium leaves (RCDS) in a 60%:40% mix ratio significantly enhances biogas yield and reduces volatile solids and total solids.  

Abstract

: Conflicts and tensions related to Nigeria's religious diversity have posed severe obstacles to Peace and security in the country. Therefore, it is crucial to encourage a culture of peace and security among religious adherents in Nigeria. Based on these assumptions, the study evaluate the impacts of Nigeria Inter-Religious Council (NIREC) in achieving religious dialogue, culture of peace and security in Nigeria; investigate the factors responsible for religious conflict in Nigeria; examine the reasons behind the establishment of Nigeria Inter-Religious Council (NIREC);in addition, the paper examine the strategies adopted by NIREC in achieving, preventing, reducing and mitigating religious conflict and upholding religious dialogue and culture of peace among religious groups in Nigeria; investigate the challenges confronting NIREC in maintaining religious dialogue, culture of peace and security in Nigeria; as well as proffer recommendations on ways NIREC can improve on their activities in Nigeria. The research methods employed in the study is qualitative and quantitative research technique involving the use of interview and questionnaire. The data used for the study includes both primary and secondary sources. The interview was tailored towards eliciting information from key informants, including religious group leaders, leaders of Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN), Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria (PFN), Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (NSCIA), Traditionalists/Orientals, religious experts, peace and conflict experts, elder statesmen and other stakeholders. Secondary data were sourced from textbooks, journals, newspapers, internet materials in relation to the subject studied. The study adopted Integrative Conflict Resolution and Transformative Mediation Theories as theoretical framework. The study observes that there is a need to entrenched Nigeria Inter-Religious Council (NIREC) in order to quench the tension of intra and inter-religious conflict and promote tolerance and unity among the religious groups in Nigeria. To this end, the study provides recommendations for NIREC and other stakeholders while also emphasizing the importance of fostering a culture of peace and security in Nigeria's diverse religious landscape to promote peaceful coexistence in a culturally and religiously diverse Nigeria.  

Abstract

Leadership and Governance refer to the ability to provide direction for others to follow in order to achieve stated goals. It is the combination of individual and institutional leadership needed to achieve sustainable development at the local, national and international levels. Premised on this background, this paper is set to discuss the conceptual meaning of leadership, governance, democratic governance and sustainable development. The study specifically focused on the impacts and relevance of effective leadership and good governance under democratic administrations and how this can be a commendable and veritable tool for sustainable development in Nigeria. In addition, the study aims at establishing the nexus between leadership, democratic governance and sustainable development. Furthermore, the study also aims at studying the challenges facing sustainable development, governance and leadership in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. The data for this study were collected through primary and secondary sources. The Democratic Governance theory, Separation of Powers Theory and Theory of Consent by John Locke were used to illuminate the study. The findings of the study revealed a great disparity between the leadership styles and model of governance and level of sustainable development achievement and attainment in Nigeria. The study concludes that Government at all levels in Nigeria must brace up and inculcate various modern approaches, like the transformational leadership approach which integrate participation, creativity and vision. This will assist to navigate and enhance new and sustainable socio-economic and political development and advancement in this 21st century.  To this end, nurturing democratic governance in Nigeria will no doubt lead to sustainable democratic development that will benefit the current generation and lay the foundation for future generation.    

Abstract

This study explores the complex factors surrounding female candidates and their electoral endeavours by examining the deep network of Nigerian politics. Given the historical discrepancies between men and women in political representation in this nation, it is critical to comprehend how gendered campaigning tactics affect women's participation. The paper examines the complex features of gender-based campaign strategies in the Nigerian context through a thorough analysis of election campaigns and their outcomes. Our study combines interviews with female candidates, campaign strategists, and important stakeholders with a large dataset of previous election campaigns. It examines campaign money, messaging, and voter engagement tactics through gender lens, analysing how they affect women's chances of winning office. This study also looks at the impact of media portrayal on campaign outcomes, the importance of women's networks and alliances, and the influence of conventional gender roles and stereotypes. The results show that gendered campaigning tactics and female candidates' electoral performance interact in a complicated way. Gender-specific campaign strategies highlight the difficulties presented by limited campaign funding and gender biases, even if they can empower women by addressing particular issues and energising female voters. The report emphasises how crucial it is to support programmes that train and empower female candidates, as well as how important it is to change laws and policies to improve gender parity in Nigerian politics. By providing insights that can guide policy decisions and campaign strategies aimed at promoting a more inclusive political landscape, this research makes a substantial contribution to the conversation on gender and politics in Nigeria. This article is a useful tool for academics, decision-makers, and activists who are dedicated to promoting women's political representation and involvement in Nigeria's electoral processes, particularly as the country struggles with the imperative of gender equality in politics.  

Abstract

The study focused on the social entrepreneurial orientation and performance of organizations. This study made use of a descriptive cross-sectional research design. The study’s interest is in the third-sector organisations that are operational in the southeast region of Nigeria.The study applied a simple random sampling technique to select 400 participants. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the mean, standard deviation, and inter-item correlation. The analysis was carried out using multiple regressions. The regression includes the Hannan-Quinn criterion, F-statistic, and Durbin-Watson statistic. The Satorra-Bentler test was employed to spot issues of homoscedasticity. Findings showed that effective orientation has a significant positive effect on the social performance and commercial performance of third-sector organizations. Further findings revealed that social mission orientation does not significantly relate to the social performance of third-sector organisations and that social mission orientation has no significant negative linear relationship with commercial performance. The study recommended, among others, that third-sector organisations should prioritise the adoption of effectual orientation as a core strategic approach and should reevaluate their operational strategies to ensure that the stated social missions are effectively translated into tangible, measurable actions that align with the needs and expectations of the communities served.  

Abstract

Osteochondroma is one of the most frequently found benign bone neoplasms which occurs as a result of increased enchondral ossification at the metaphysis of long bones. An eight year old female diagnosed with benign osteochondroma of distal end of right radius was treated in the form of surgical excision of the tumor. Following surgery the patient had decreased range of motion, grip strength, and muscle strength. A physiotherapy protocol was formed personalized according to the needs of the patient focusing on patient counseling, pain reduction, improvement of range of motion, grip strength and muscle strength. Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Patient Evaluation Measure and grip strength were the primary outcome measures, whereas range of motion and muscle strength were the secondary outcome measures. This case report concluded that there was definitive improvement in all the outcomes following physiotherapy. Thus, early physiotherapy rehabilitation is suggested for such patients to hasten the recovery.   

Abstract

Background: The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a flat one. Among the different prevalent shoulder issues, acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation accounts for 9%–12% of all shoulder injuries. Trauma that is both direct and indirect can cause dislocations of the AC joint. An inferiorly directed, vertically orientated superior impact on the lateral shoulder causes direct trauma by pushing the AC joint in that direction. The acromioclavicular ligament is injured in an AC dislocation, and the coracoclavicular ligament may or may not tear. Case report: In this case report, a 50 years old male farmer by occupation with traumatic history treated conservatively initially and later underwent surgery in form of AC joint reconstruction with k wire fixation and ipsilateral palmaris longus graft and patient shoulder. The patient underwent implant removal after 5 weeks and  was referred to the Physiotherapy OPD. The orthopaedic assessment of the patient showed impaired right shoulder joint mobility and integrity, impaired muscular performance leading to difficulty in activities of daily living. Conclusion: The case report presented is, to the best our knowledge, the seventh case described in the literature that was managed operatively and role of physiotherapy treatment to rehabilitate this subject to the pre injury level have been pointed out for the first time.  

Abstract

The UV radiation comes from sun and reaches the earth surface and also composed of UVA, UVB and UVC and also filtered by the layer of ozone. Ultra violet radiation classified into three types namely UVA, UVB and UVC. The ozone layer becomes thin hence the UV radiation cannot penetrates into the earth surface, but nowadays the ozone layer concentration is decreased due to manmade activities, therefore the serious damages such as affecting elemental cycle, molecular level changes and also directly affected the earth global warming. At the same time UV act as a disease controller in plants. Since it’s a new discovery, that the UV-B causes alter the in symptom and create the resistance to plants. In this review, concluding the recent knowledge about the effects of UV radiation on the pathological process in plants.  

Abstract

The study determined the extent to which environmental variables predict heads of departments' accountability in public universities in South-South, Nigeria. Seven research questions were raised and seven null hypotheses were also postulated to guide the study. The correlation design was used for the study. The population for the study consisted of all the 374 Heads of Departments in six public universities in south – south, Nigeria during the 2019/2020 academic year. The sample of the study consisted of 306 Heads of Departments representing 90% of the Heads of Departments population. Multi - stage sampling technique was used to select sample from the six federal universities in South–South Geo-Political Zone of Nigeria. The instruments for data collection was the researcher – made instruments titled “Environmental Variables questionnaire (EVQ) and Heads of Department Accountability Questionnaire (HDAQ)” which were validated by experts in the Educational Foundation, Guidance and Counselling, Curriculum Studies, Educational Management and Planning respectively. The Cronbach’s Alpha Analysis was used to determine the reliability of the instruments which yielded reliability co-efficients of .76 for EVQ and .80 for HDAQ which were quite appropriate and usable. Linear Regression Statistics, R and R2 were used to answer the three research questions while F- value was used to test the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that: change of leadership, social, economic, academic practices and joint variables are significant predictors of Heads of Department accountability in public universities in south – south, Nigeria. It was concluded based on the findings that joint environmental variables are significant predictors of Heads of Department accountability in public universities in South – South, Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that institution management should develop a safe work environment that will encourage Heads of Department to acquire skills on the utilization of ICT facilities in order to improve their administrative accountability.  

Abstract

In revolutionizing the narratives and stance of black feminist empowerment, Ama Ata Aidoo’s Changes and Jamaica Kincaid’s Annie John play a pivotal role in articulating postcolonial literature as a literature that continues to set and retain the gaze of its audience as not just art but as a core representation, in aesthetic and mimetic content. In a literature of this kind, the postcolonial subject is simply left with no option than being a deviant and a non-conformist, whose life is rife with glaring and deliberate contradictions. Women as the feminist postcolonial subject appear to arrest the incompatibilities as theyconvert their life in the postcolonial and societal otherness.This paper engages the transformative power of black feminist narratives in two seminal literary works: Aidoo's Changes and Kincaid's Annie John.Focusing on the intersection of identity and otherness, it delves into the ways these narratives challenge societal norms and empower their protagonists. Both texts serve as powerful testaments tofeminism, thereby, highlighting the resilience and agency of their protagonists within oppressive systems. This articleaims to showcase the transformative power and the voices of black women, highlighting their struggles, triumphs, and the resilience that defines their narratives. Ultimately, it seeks to illuminate the pivotal role of black feminist empowerment in reshaping societal norms and advocating for a more inclusive and equitable future.This paper engages postcolonial feminist theory as theoretical tool for the re-reading of the texts.  

Abstract

The recent resurgence of military interventions in the West and Central African sub-regions calls for scholarly interrogation. There are similar patterns among the five countries: Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, the Republic of Niger and Gabon. All five countries are former French Colonies that still retain strong affinities with the erstwhile colonial master. More significant are the allegations of France’s overbearing meddling in the internal affairs of these countries (which has been labeled as re-colonialism), and the failure of internal democratic governance to deliver democratic dividends. This article concerns itself with the task of examining the salient issues around the military interventions in those countries and raised the following questions: were the coups a protest against France’s alleged interferences in the internal affairs of those countries? Were they crass protests against flagrant internal misrule? Or do those coups revalidate the contagious-effect--thesis of military intervention? This article answers these questions through the qualitative research approach. A conceptual framework was woven around the neo-colonial/re-colonial thesis, while salient indicators were used to gauge the performance of democratic governance in the coup-affected states.  

Abstract

The concept of Being in African culture encompasses all forms of existence. Everything in the universe is a being endowed with life-force, albeit, not in equal proportion as some beings are more gifted than others. Humans for instance possess more life-force or beingness than any other being in the physical world. At the metaphysical level, other beings like ancestors and deities are positioned in the higher plane of the hierarchy. One important part of this worldview is that all beings both physical and non-physical have a shared existence. One affects the other either benevolently or malevolently, and this interaction is responsible for the sustenance or destruction of the universe respectively. Considering that the interaction of beings including humans is given metaphysical interpretation, it becomes necessary for this paper to examine and establish this metaphysical foundation as a way of engendering social order. It employs Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative which can serve as a principle for social order since it prompts an individual to do to others what they desire should become a universal maxim in interrogating the issue at hand. This is because it provides a means through which we understand and describe humans to be first, rational beings. Some of the findings of this paper are that African metaphysics encourages a complementary relationship, and promotes social harmony as well as an ordered society. The paper would contribute to discourse and knowledge of the African worldview as a means of engendering social order.  

Abstract

Many studies have called for research into the potential of African indigenous communication systems to serve as a complementary information dissemination model to the Western model following the deficit of information and communication technology infrastructure in rural areas. As a result, the current research explored how indigenous communication systems influence access to business funding information, and the influence of indigenous communication systems on business funding information utilization. In addition, the study investigated the preferred savings model, payment channel, and mode of obtaining credit facilities among agribusiness entrepreneurs in Nigerian rural areas. The probability sampling method was used in selecting 511 samples from the registered 50,000 smallholder agribusiness entrepreneurs in Edo State for the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Anchored Borrower’s Programme. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the preferred savings model, payment channel, and mode of obtaining credit facilities among agribusiness entrepreneurs while regression analysis was deployed in testing the hypotheses. The findings indicate that physical cash transactions, informal savings, and informal credit facilities dominant financial services among rural farmers. The outcomes from the test of hypotheses show that indigenous communication systems have a significant influence on access to business funding information among agribusiness entrepreneurs in Nigerian rural areas (β = 0.312, t-value = 7.161 > 1.96, p-value = 0.000 < 0.05, and R2 = 0.498). It was also found that indigenous communication systems significantly influence the utilization of agribusiness funding information in Nigerian rural areas (β = 0.295, t-value = 6.617 > 1.96, p-value = 0.000 < 0.05, and R2 = 0.422). Policy-wise, the study suggests ways financial authorities can leverage on indigenous communication systems to increase financial information literacy for increased access and utilization of business funding information among agribusiness entrepreneurs in Nigerian rural areas.  

Abstract

Behaviour management techniques are important part of paediatric dentistry in managing the child and for providing successful treatment outcome. The major criterion in managing the child in dental clinic is by proper communication combined with good rapport which makes the child fearless and cooperative. These are challenging aspect for paediatric dentist whereas various traditional methods for behaviour management have been employed and few can tend to be aggressive technique in the eyes of children and their parent. Recently there are various modifications and innovations have created a new technique in the paediatric field to overcome the disadvantages faced in traditional technique. This newer technique have been utilized in clinics and found to be advantageous and makes the child cooperative and have interest in facing the dentist in future. This review article will focus on various recent advances in behaviour management techniques in children.  

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the engagement of academic staffs in practicing multicultural education dimensions at Hawassa College of Education at Sidama region. A qualitative case study research was used, and data were collected through in-depth interviews and document analysis. The findings revealed that academic staffs' engagement in using MCE dimensions was not actively affirmed, hindering their capacity to apply knowledge and create awareness of accommodating differences in classrooms. Descriptively; although an endeavor made by academic staffs to implement the fundamentals of MCE: content integration, knowledge construction, prejudice reduction, equity pedagogy, and empowering school culture and social structures as part of their lesson design, the results found that quite a lot remains to come to the level we want. Lack of motivation, insufficient orientation from the College's deans and a deficiency in instructional plans and context-based curriculum materials were identified as barriers. The policy-practice gap and the need for knowledge formation, skill development training, and research studies were highlighted as crucial areas for improvement. The study recommended that the MoE, Regional Education Bureau, and The Hawassa Education College critically address these gaps and enhance teachers' endeavors in applying MCE perspectives effectively in culturally diverse classrooms to meet learners' needs and achieve principles and intended goals of MCE.  

Abstract

Demographic factors such as age are known to be correlates of innovation adoption across industries, including the publishing industry, but several studies present conflicting results on the correlates of technology adoption. Thus, it is yet to be clearly understood whether firm age exercises moderating influence on organisational adoption of e-publishing innovations or not. This study, using data collected from 109 publishing firms, therefore, attempts to assess the influence of firm age on the adoption of e-publishing hardware, e-formats, e-promotion and e-commerce. Findings indicate that firm age played a role in the adoption behaviour of firms but did not significantly influence innovation adoption rates, suggesting that innovation characteristics play more crucial roles in the adoption of e-publishing innovations. The fact that e-publishing is needed for survival by both old and young publishers explains the contradiction and suggests that business focus might be more important in understanding adoption behaviour in some industries.  

Abstract

Traditionally, newspapers are distributed by consignment, and when this distribution method unsustainable in Nigeria, studies attributed it to the advent of online newspapers and free reading at newsstands, without interrogating the phenomenon from both the supply and the demand perspectives. This study is, therefore, focuses on both newspaper suppliers and vendors in search of an answer to questions raised against consignment distribution. The findings indicate that the industry is experiencing market turbulence which necessitated six strategies introduced to quickly address indebtedness to publishers, declining print sales, production cost, business risk, marketing efforts as well as control of ordered quantities. Statistically, only perceived cost with a p-value .004 was significant to the prediction of innovative distribution adoption at 0.05.This study submits that newspaper as a product has reached a point in its life cycle when it must reinvent itself in order to remain relevant, and that tinkering with the supply chain is just one of many steps publishers are taking to remain afloat.  

Abstract

Previous studies have suggested that digitization of finance leads to growth in the economy in several middle- and high-income countries, but research in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs) remains limited. This research aimed to examine the trends, barriers, relationships, and prospects of finance digitization in LLMICs. This study used analytical and descriptive cross-sectional study designs. Sixty-six countries were purposively selected based on the available data on the Global Findex and the World Development Indicators databases. The results indicated that the adoption and utilization of finance digitization increased in these countries, but the growth rates varied by region and income group. Low-income countries reported the highest rates of subscriptions to digital finance accounts and storing money in digital accounts, while lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) reported higher rates of inbound/outbound digital transactions, borrowings, and savings using digital channels. Sub-Saharan Africa reported the highest rates of digital finance account subscriptions, digital savings, and digital borrowings, while Europe and Central Asia reported the highest rates of in/out digital transactions. Barriers to digitization in these countries included poor access to the internet, high cost of digital finance products, and lack of a mobile phone, with low-income countries facing more challenges. The analysis revealed a negative significant relationship between finance digitization and Gross National Income growth and a positive significant correlation between finance digitization and other economic growth indicators (gross savings and Gross Domestic Product). Finance digitization was predicted to continue to rise in these countries for the next decade.  

Abstract

Introduction: Mouthwash is a supplemental oral hygiene element and there are plenty of individual products Oral rinses or mouth washes are other names for mouthwash. These are aqueous, liquid formulations used to maintain oral health and prevent, treat, and cure oraldiseases.They are beneficial in the reduction of supra gingival plaque levels and prevention of gingivitis.They are used as an supplement  to the primary mechanical methods of cleaning, but not regarded as their substitute. Materials and method: The survey was done through an online link using google forms.The participants required to fill the questionnaire which included 22 questions related to assessing the knowledge and awareness on usage and effectiveness of mouthwash and it was conducted among dentalstudents .Responses were verified and the analysis was prepared from the results obtained by making suitable pie charts for better understanding and information. Results and Conclusion: Most of the dental students have knowledge and awareness on usage and effectiveness of mouthwash. The majority of respondents acknowledge its importance as a supplementary oral hygiene practice, highlighting its potential benefits in promoting overall dental health. As this awareness grows, students are armed to make informed decisions about incorporating mouthwash into their daily routines. Enhanced knowledge not only promotes a deeper understanding of oral care but also entitle dental students to educate their peers and patients, fostering a broader culture of effective preventive dental measures.  

Abstract

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 is the cause of the global pandemic known as Covid-19 (SARS-COV-2) seen by the whole world with major affection. The angiotensin-converting enzymes-2 (ACE-2) found in skeletal muscles has been shown to connect with the corona virus, making it more vulnerable to direct viral invasion.  Muscle fibroblast's fibrotic activity to rise and the inflammatory response become exacerbated. Musculoskeletal symptoms such as exhaustion, myalgia, arthralgia, muscle weakness, decreased bone mineral density, and soft tissue abnormalities are found among the subjects. Additional research on COVID-19 patients revealed myositis and arthritic alterations, including myalgia, weakening in the muscles, and increased creatine phosphokinase levels. A long-term study discovered that the most prevalent musculoskeletal complaints between two weeks and one month following hospitalization were myalgia, arthralgia, and fatigue. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate different musculoskeletal issues in post-COVID-19 patients. Outcome Measures: Standard Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire will be taken for all subjects. Depending on the problem and joint involved outcome measures like NPDI, SPADI, DASH, OLBDQ, HHS, WOMAC, FADI, CFS, LEFS, FAS will be used. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistical analysis like mean, standard deviation will be done by using SPSS latest version software by taking the help of a Biostatistician after ensuring the normal distribution and analysis. To find out association between two variables Fisher’s exact test and Pearson chi-square test will be used. Conclusion: This study will be helpful to find prevalence of musculoskeletal problems among post Covid-19 subjects. Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered with Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI), with the registration number for the trial being CTRI/2022/08/044661.  

Abstract

The concept of Social Innovation has been receiving growing interest recently due to global challenges such as water scarcity, the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, economic turmoil, and wars. Yet, regardless of the rising interest in this area of study, literature on Social Innovation is still scarce and fragmented. Thus, to fill this gap, this paper aims to contribute to the systematization of the scientific knowledge on Social Innovation disseminated by authors in the GCC during the period between 2017 and 2022. The research data was downloaded from the Scopus database and represented using Microsoft Excel, SocNet V software, and Data wrapper Tool. The study focused on different scientometric tools like most prolific authors, annual research growth, subject-wise publication, international collaboration, authorship pattern, etc. The study revealed that the GCC produced two hundred and eighty-three (283) research publications on Social Innovation during the period between 2017 and 2022. Saudi Arabia tops the list with a total of one hundred and thirteen relevant publications each. Kuwait, on the other hand, ranked lowest with one (5) manuscript during the same period. GCC authors generated the highest number of publications in 2022, while the lowest was in 2018. The productivity trend had been slightly fluctuating for all GCC states except Saudi Arabia, which exhibited a consistent upward trend over the years. The majority of GCC publications focus on the environmental side of Social Innovation rather than societal challenges (71%). Most of the research authored on Social Innovation by researchers in the GCC was conducted jointly (89%) in the form of journal articles (58%).  

Abstract

The study investigates the impact of green accounting practices on the financial performance of quoted manufacturing firms in South East Nigeria. The research uses an Expo factor research design and secondary data from annual financial reports of Nigerian Breweries, International Breweries, Coca-Cola, 7up Bottling Company PLC, Innoson Group of Companies, Juhel Nigeria Limited, and Premier Breweries PLC, registered with the manufacturing association of Nigeria, located in the southeastern region of Nigeria, mainly Anambra and Enugu state. The data was a panel data starting from 2012-2022 for each manufacturing firm.  The results show that green financial accounting has a significant positive effect on financial performance, green management accounting has no significant effect, and also Ecological accounting has no significant effect. The findings suggest that the adoption of green accounting practices significantly influences the financial performance of quoted manufacturing firms in South East Nigeria. The study recommends that firms encourage regulatory bodies or industry associations to establish standardized frameworks for integrating green financial accounting practices.  

Abstract

In the field of dentistry, the presence of an oral pathologist is important, as they play a key role in diagnosing, managing, and preventing diverse oral diseases. Specializing in the examination of the characteristics and development of oral conditions, oral pathologists make substantial contributions to the holistic healthcare of individuals. The timely and correct detection of oral diseases, such as infections, immune-mediated disorders, and malignancies, is one of the main duties of an oral pathologist. Oral pathologists use their knowledge to recognize and categorize conditions affecting the oral tissues by carefully reviewing patient histories, clinical observations, and laboratory tests. This diagnostic understanding is essential for developing suitable treatment strategies and assisting medical professionals in delivering focused, efficient care. This review emphasis on the prominence of the role of an oral pathologist in the realm of dentistry and their necessary guidance in the diagnosis and management of histopathological studies.  

Abstract

Abstract

This study focused on enterprise value chain and customer preferences in Nigerian Pharmaceutical Industry. The study determined the relationship between material requirements planning and customer satisfaction with responsiveness; ascertained the relationship between total quality management and customer expectations of service delivery in the industry; and established the relationship between value chain marketing of pharmaceutical organizations in Nigeria and customer satisfaction with product availability. The research adopted a survey research design. The total population of the study was 1,835 physicians.The sample size of the study was 600. The study reveals that materials inventory, order processing, and order revising have significant positive effects on customer satisfaction with service responsiveness within the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry. Findings further revealed that materials inventory, order processing, and order revising have significant positive effects on customer satisfaction with service agility in the pharmaceutical industry. This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between enterprise value chain processes and customer satisfaction in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry. The study recommended among others that pharmaceutical companies should prioritize efficient materials inventory management, streamlined order processing, and effective order revising to enhance customer satisfaction with service responsiveness and agility.  

Abstract

The issue of divorce is as old as human existence. Divorce affects children, women, and men differ in terms of how they go through the process and how they deal with the aftermath. Members of the same family can have very different experiences. A lot of divorcing families face a slew of issues involving the family, particularly the children; Mothers are, in most situations, the primary caregivers. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the causes of divorce and the lives of divorced women in rural areas of Dembecha District. To address the objective, the researcher uses a qualitative approach, ethnographic study design, and purposive sampling technique. The methods of data collection were: - in-depth interview, key informant interview, focus group discussion, and documents recorded in Dembecha District court office. The collected data were analyzed thematically. The finding of this study showed that divorce has different major causes in the study area such as - poverty, women taking family low as an advantage, relatives and friends’ interference, inability to give birth, cheating, the existence of stepchildren, and jealousy. Divorced women challenging economic, social, and psychological problems, to cope with those problems, they used; land rent, local Areki extraction, bull power, and daily labor. This can conclude as Divorce has different causes, it also becomes a serious problem especially for women because they have social and cultural influence to leave out the house and to care for children. Divorced women use different coping mechanisms but they do have not enough options to cope and resist the situation. Finally, this study suggests some implications such as, to escape the negative impacts of divorce, the habit of marriage counselling should be enhanced; creating awareness to the local people about the family law including the sharing of properties during a divorce is used to minimize the challenges of women, no one is asking them to give any governmental or non-governmental support but by seeing the seriousness of the problem, for example, giving a separate house, creating work opportunities, and other supports to them is mandatory.  

Abstract

The goal of this project is to establish a method for making microsponges, a herbal composition, as well as methods for assessing its ability.By using the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method, herbal extracts, ethyl cellulose used as a polymer, and polyvinyl alcohol as an emulsifier present in the formulation, which is used to prepare microsponge formulations of drugs, were successfully obtained. The developed formulations were taken into consideration for in-depth characterisation. The majority of microsponge preparations are made by putting drugs into them, and the results are repeatable.The FTIR, Differential scanning colorimetry, and Scanning electron microscopy examinations were used to characterise the microsponges, and the total drug content and entrapment efficiency were then determined.The effect of a different drug-polymer ratio on particle size, total drug content, and encapsulation effectiveness was striking. The batch F5 has a 96.23% production yield, a maximum TDC of 97.23%, and an entrapment efficiency of 95.87%.All the results were found to be satisfactory.