The Supreme Court Judgment on Financial Autonomy for Local Governments and Good Governance at the Grassroots
Dr Samuel Ugwuozor & Dr, Umeh Lucy Chinwe & Dr Francisca Obiageli Fedi
The paper examines the structure of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended) and established that Nigeria is explicitly a federation of two levels of government in accordance with section 2(2) of the constitution. But the constitution at the same provided for a third tier or third order government; the local government, with explicit and constitutionally guaranteed or approved exclusively and concurrent responsibilities and sources of revenue, whose officials are also like the federal and state governments constitutionally and democratically elected.Although the local government is a third tier government, there is a general view that the local government are abysmally failing in providing services as prescribed in the constitution effectively and efficiently to the people. Some of the principal reasons adduced for this state of affairs are the strangulating meddlesomeness of the state government, exemplified in their tendency to deny local governments of the constitutionally guaranteed revenue from federation account, coupled with the intimidating practice of arbitrary removal of democratically elected local government chairmen from office by State Governors at their fancy. It is in light of this that this paper views the Supreme Court judgment ordering direct remittances of revenue to local government account from the federation account and barring Governors from arbitrarily removing democratically elected local government from office as a veritable and sustainable action towards guaranteeing good governance to local government councils as developmental democratically and most importantly an efficient and effective governance institution in service delivery to its people. The paper relies on content analysis and doctrinal approaches using relevant literatures such as books, journals, case laws, statutes, the constitution and internet sources. The theoretical model adopted for this paper is the Efficiency School of Thought. The whole essence of this paper is to high light the responsibilities of local government as a governmental agent of service to the people and the impediments for its failure to do so.The paper is supportive of the judgment of the Supreme Court and recommends that the judgment should be enforced.
"Effect of Dental Loupe on Anxiety During Restorative Procedure in Children - A Split Mouth Study"
Pavithra Suresh1, Nivetha Manohar2, Ahsana Asif1, Karthika Shankar1, Jayaprakash Reddy3, Dhivya S1
Introduction: Managing dental anxiety in paediatric patients is a significant challenge in paediatric dentistry, often leading to poor cooperation and negative experiences during procedures like cavity preparation. Various distraction techniques, such as visual or auditory aids, have been used to alleviate anxiety, but few studies have explored the use of dental loupes as a potential distraction tool, Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of dental loupes as a distraction technique in reducing anxiety and improving cooperation during restorative procedure in paediatric patients of age 6-12 years. Materials and methods: A split mouth, randomized controlled trial was conducted following Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. Forty-five children of age 6-12 were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: Group A, the participants will undergo restorative procedure with dental loupe and Group B, the participants undergo restorative procedure without dental loupe. The washout period between the two visits is two weeks. Anxiety was measured at 4 intervals using facial image scale and pulse rate is monitored throughout the procedure. Data were statistically analysed using the chi-square test and independent sample t- test.Results: Out of the 45 children who participated in the study, 24 were girls [53%] and 21 were boys [47%]. A statistically significant reduction in anxiety levels was observed at TI, T2, T3 and T4. And the children in Group A (with dental loupes) had a significantly lower pulse rate compared to those in Group B (without dental loupes), suggesting that the use of dental loupes may help reduce physiological signs of anxiety during dental procedures.Conclusion: There was statically significant reduction in both anxiety level and pulse rate which suggests that the use of dental loupes during restorative procedures is associated with lower levels of dental anxiety and lower pulse rates in children, indicating a potentially beneficial effect of this practice in pediatric dentistry.
Investigating the Effects of Diversity Management on Women Empowerment in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Charity Adamu Medugu; Edward Gboyega Babalola; Bamidele Segun Ilugbusi
The research examined the impact of diversity management on the empowerment of women in Adamawa state. A survey research design method was utilized for the study, and data was gathered through questionnaires from 480 women who were empowered by NGOs in 21 local government areas of Adamawa state, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the frequency, percentage, mean differences, and standard deviation. The hypotheses of the study were tested using Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with Smart PLS (3.8). The results indicated a significant influence of cultural, gender, and educational variables of diversity management on women's empowerment. However, the connection between religious and ethnic variables of diversity management did not have a significant effect on women's empowerment. The model displayed the relationships between diversity management variables (cultural, religious, ethnic, gender, and educational) and women's empowerment. The religious, ethnic, gender, and education variables of diversity management demonstrated positive path coefficients as factors influencing women's empowerment, while cultural diversity management showed negative path coefficients as factors impacting women's empowerment. It is suggested that Adamawa state should utilize diversity inclusion management to enhance women's empowerment.
Identifying the Influence of the Institutional Environment on Innovative Entrepreneurship on the Example of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Tbilisi
1Nino Adamia; 2Temur Shengelia
The objective of the study is to determine the influence of the institutional environment on innovative entrepreneurship of small and medium-sized enterprises in Georgia. The paper consists of three main parts. The first part provides a theoretical framework and describes the nature of the institutional environment and the influence of its main factors on innovative entrepreneurship. The second part presents the research methodology and hypotheses. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire using a Likert scale from 1 to 7.A total of 160 respondents of the survey were representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises in Tbilisi. The third part is empirical, namely, the regression model used and the final results: rejected and accepted hypotheses.It also discusses the findings of the analysis and suggests recommendations.
Assessment of the Impact of Digital Financial Services on Customer Satisfaction of Listed Commercial Banks in Nigeria
Ololade Kolawole1, Taiwo Muritala Adewale2 & Hauwa Lamino Abubakar3
The advent of digital financial services (DFS) has revolutionized the banking sector, offering innovative solutions to meet the evolving needs of customers. This study investigates the impact of various DFS components, including agency banking, automated teller machines (ATMs), internet banking, mobile banking, and point-of-sale (POS) systems, on customer satisfaction in Nigerian commercial banks. Employing a Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach, the research analyzes data from Nigerian bank customers to assess the relationships between these variables. The study's population comprises all quoted banks in Nigeria as of December 31, 2022, with a sample of 384 customers selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. The findings reveal strong positive correlations between the examined DFS components and customer satisfaction. The structural model analysis demonstrates that the DFS components collectively explain a substantial 75.5% of the variance in customer satisfaction. The PLS-SEM analysis demonstrates that digital financial service components have a positive and substantial impact on customer satisfaction for quoted commercial banks in Nigeria. Specifically, indicates that agency banking (β=0.532, p < 0.05), ATM banking (β=0.348, p < 0.05), internet banking (β=0.233, p < 0.05), MBK (β=0.335, p < 0.05) and POS activities (β=0.073, p < 0.05) all have positive impacts on customer satisfaction.Based on these findings, the study offers policy recommendations for regulatory support, investment in DFS infrastructure, customer education, continuous innovation, strategic collaborations, and data analytics integration. These recommendations aim to facilitate the effective adoption and utilization of digital financial services, ultimately leading to improved customer satisfaction and sustained growth in the Nigerian banking industry.
Morphometric Study of Styloid Process of Adult Dry Skulls and Elongated Styloid Process
Adabala N. V. V. Veerraju1; Dr. A. Vasanthi2; V. Vinila3
Background: The styloid process is a cylindrical, slender, needle-like projection of varying lengths averaging 2 to 3 cm. The styloid process projects from the inferior part of the petrous temporal bone and offers attachment to the stylohyoid ligament and the stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, and styloglossus muscles. Through these structures, the styloid process facilitates the movement of the tongue, pharynx, larynx, hyoid bone, and mandible. It is considered elongated when it's longer than 3 cm. The exact cause of an elongated styloid process is unknown, but possible causes include, local chronic irritation, surgical trauma, endocrine disorders, and ectopic calcification. The definitive treatment for an elongated styloid process is surgical shortening of the styloid process. The present study was conducted to morphometric analysis of styloid process and to find incidence of elongated styloid process. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted with 50 adult dry skulls. The skulls which had intact full styloid process were included in study. The styloid processes were measured for their length with vernier callipers. The skulls were grossly observed on both the sides for the elongation of the temporal bone, styloid process. The styloid process more than 30mm considered as elongated. The measurements were taken from the base to the tip. The data was expressed in mean±SD. Results: The average length of styloid process was 25.12+6.12mm and in males it was 25.92+5.36mm and in females it was 23.12+4.34mm. The length of right styloid process in males was 26.54+5.16mm and left was 25.06+3.82mm. The length of right styloid process in females was 25.68+5.04mm and left was 24.64+4.54mm. The longest styloid process was 4.72cm and shortest was 1.2cm. In Incidence of elongated styloid process was 1%. Conclusion: The morphological knowledge of elongated styloid process is clinically important since the course of the vertebral artery may be distorted and the study results may be helpful in practice of otolaryngology.
Work-life Balance among Women Entrepreneurs in Hotel Business: An Inquiry Across Geographical and Domestic Contexts
1Thejashree D; 2Dr. Krishna B S
The research aims to explore the work-life balance of women entrepreneurs in the hotel industry, focusing on geographical and family influences. It seeks to understand how these factors affect their ability to manage work and personal life. Additionally, the study will assess challenges faced by women entrepreneurs during the pandemic and their impact on businesses. By examining these factors, the research aims to provide insights into the unique challenges and resilience of women entrepreneurs, contributing to the development of supportive strategies and policies for their advancement. This study examines the work-life balance and pandemic effects on women entrepreneurs using mixed methods. A descriptive and exploratory design is used for a comprehensive understanding. The information is obtained from surveys and interviews held with women entrepreneurs representing a variety of backgrounds. A total of 135 responses are evaluated. Purposive and convenience sampling methods were used select diverse women entrepreneurs. The software SPSS is employed to explore patterns and correlations in quantitative data. The research indicates that women entrepreneurs encounter notable challenges in achieving work-life balance, shaped by their geographical setting and family structure, with disruptions caused by the pandemic intensifying their business difficulties while also promoting adaptability and resilience. This research offers novel perspectives on the equilibrium between work and personal life of women entrepreneurs, exploring the influence of geographical setting, family structure and pandemic obstacles, presenting significant implications for policy, support frameworks and future inquiries.
Work-Life Balance and Resilience Strategies of Doctoral Students: A Systematic Review
Beberly T. Calugan1,5, Irene P. Tanyag2,5,Dun Vincent D. Bueno3,4, & Marivic A. Wance4,5
Doctoral studies present significant challenges to student well-being and academic success. This systematic review synthesizes extant research to examine the multifaceted challenges faced by doctoral students, explore effective work-life balance (WLB) strategies, and highlight the crucial role of resilience. Key challenges identified include work-life imbalance stemming from competing academic, personal, and professional demands; intense academic pressures, such as publication expectations and imposter syndrome; resource constraints, particularly in developing countries like the Philippines; and institutional and programmatic factors, including ambiguous research roles and inadequate support structures. The absence of precise policies on study leaves in the Philippines further aggregates. This review elaborates on the interaction between WLB and resilience, showing how they are implicated in one another's elaboration. Furthermore, it explores the influence of factors beyond WLB and resilience, including supervisory relationships and mentorship, social support and community, access to mental health resources, and the impact of program structure and institutional culture. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive support systems addressing individual, institutional, and cultural contexts to promote well-being and academic success. These systems should include clear policies on study/parental leave and funding, accessible mental health and academic support, mandatory supervisor mentorship training, and community-building initiatives. Ultimately, this review advocates for an institutional culture prioritizing student well-being alongside academic excellence, recognizing that thriving scholars achieve greater academic success and contribute meaningfully to their fields.
The Impact of Fintech Innovation on Green Growth in Saudi Arabia: Does Green Finance Matter?
Kamel Bel Hadj Miled
This study analyzes the effects of fintech innovation and green finance on green growth in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2022, using the ARDL bounds testing approach. We identified several significant findings for both the short-term and long-term from the ARDL bounds testing methodology.Fintech and green finance play a pivotal role in driving sustainable economic growth in Saudi Arabia. This underscores the crucial role of technological progress in fostering sustainable economic practices. Recent Research indicates that fintech innovation primarily supports green economic development through mechanisms such as green credit and green investment. As a result, advancing fintech innovation can significantly enhance the progress of green finance, offering valuable insights for countries worldwide.
Religious Crises in Northern Nigeria: An Indictment of the Nigeria Press
1Kalita Joseph Aruku (Ph.D.); 2Dr. Lawrence Nkpang Ekwok; 3Ukam Ngwu Esq (Ph.D); 4Rev. Fr. Joseph Ikangkang (PhD)
Religious crises in Northern Nigeria have been a recurring issue that has plagued the region for decades. These conflicts, often characterized by violence, have led to the loss of thousands of lives, displacement of communities, and destruction of properties. Despite the efforts of the Nigerian government to address these crises, they continue to persist.This research paper examines the role of the Nigerian press in exacerbating these conflicts. The study aims to address several research questions, including the media's influence in catalyzing religious crises and their social responsibilities, particularly in northern Nigeria. Through a case study analysis methodology, we investigated and analyzed specific instances of religious crisis, and how media coverage impacts the escalation or de-escalation of thes crisis. By closely analyzing news reports, editorials, and social media content from various outlets, we identified patterns of bias, lack of contextual reporting, and the propagation of stereotypes that compound religious tensions. The findings suggest that while the press plays a crucial role in informing the populace, it can also contribute to the escalation of conflict through inadequate and unbalanced coverage. The study's significant findings highlight the need for responsible journalism in northern Nigeria and propose measures to promote it. The conclusions drawn from this research have implications for understanding the media's impact on conflicts and offer insights into the field of ethnic and religious crises in the region. This study's potential applications lie in informing practitioners and policymakers about the importance of responsible media practices in line with the social responsibility theory of the press.
Research on the Development Status and Sustainability of Community Group Buying
Li Dan1; Norhidayah Binti Azman2
As one of the new retail business models, community group buying "production based on sales" provides consumers with a new and more convenient way of purchasing, and it has also become a new consumption habit for community residents. However, in the process of its barbaric development, it has disrupted the existing market order to a certain extent. At the same time, at the consumer level, the reputation of community group buying has also begun to show a clear negative trend. The article believes that the community group buying industry currently has the following problems: First, the platform products are of varying quality and the quality control is unstable; second, the group leaders are less professional and have low overall quality. At the same time, it puts forward practical suggestions for the operation of the community group buying platform to form a competitive advantage, win consumer reputation, and ensure sustainable development
Forecasting STI Indicators (Enablers) for Nigeria Using AI: Insights on Human Capital, Infrastructure, and Regulatory Frameworks towards STYIP
Abubakar Kazeem,a* Momoh Enyojo Blessing, a Ukamaka R. Ugwu,aOlushola Odusanya,aOlalekan Akinbob, Ademola- Ajibade A. Ma & R.C. Wakawaa
The development of effective Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) strategies is critical for national progress, especially in aligning with long-term development plans like Africa's Agenda 2063. This paper investigates the impact of the enabler framework of STI indicators in supporting Nigeria towards the Second Ten-Year Implementation Plan (STYIP) using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to project trends from 2019 to 2035. For the first time, AI-driven forecasts are employed to analyze the interplay between human capital (HC) and key economic indicators, including sectoral growth, economic investment, trade, infrastructure access, and regulatory frameworks. Our research identifies significant trends and relationships across these domains. We found a concerning decline in workforce capabilities, evidenced by a drop in staff training scores from 3.27 in 2019 to 2.79 by 2035. Conversely, the gross enrolment ratio in tertiary education shows a modest increase from 12.24% in 2019 to 14.48% by 2035, yet it still falls short of the STYIP target of 50% by 2033. The adult literacy rate is projected to decline from 61% to 45%, emphasizing the urgent need for educational reforms. Notably, a perfect negative Pearson correlation of -1.000 between trade and infrastructure indicators reveals a strong inverse relationship, indicating critical challenges in balancing these areas. These findings illustrate the importance of strategic investments and policy interventions in reinforcing Nigeria's STI enablers. Our results highlight the pivotal role of infrastructure development, especially in ICT, energy, and transport, in reducing transaction costs and boosting productivity. Moreover, aligning education and training (E&T) with industry demands is essential for sustaining sectoral growth and enhancing economic performance. This study contributes to the broader understanding of STI indicator's role in providing a direction for achieving development objectives, providing actionable insights for STI policy formulation for policymakers to drive Nigeria’s progress towards the STYIP and Africa's Agenda 2063 goals
Technological Tools for Enhancing Fraud Management in Nigeria Banks
1Timi Joshua Ayeni (MSc); 2Dr. Sylvester Erabie (PhD)
The study examines the impact of technology on fraud management in international authorized banks, specifically within Nigerian banks. The study utilized a descriptive survey research design with quantitative techniques, distributing questionnaires to staff members in the authorized banks. Data analysis using SPSS and SEM-PLS revealed a significant positive impact of artificial intelligence on fraud management. Adopting technological tools, such as distributed ledger technology, machine learning, X-ways forensic and artificial intelligence, enhances fraud awareness (fraud management) strategies in banks. The findings highlighted the importance of leveraging these technologies to protect customer assets, build trust, and mitigate risks. Continuous updating and refinement of fraud management systems are essential to combat evolving fraudulent activities successfully. Employing technological tools empowers banks to safeguard operations and customers from potential financial risks.
Advancing Drought Stress Mitigation in Agriculture: The Role of Crop-Based Hydrogels in Enhancing Resilience and Productivity
Navyashree R
Water stress is the main thing keeping plants from growing, developing, and producing. When there isn’t enough water, the stomata close, making it tough for plants to make food and get the nutrients they need. Drought management is very important for reliable crop production. This review concentrated on using crop-based hydrogels for easing drought effects. Crop-based hydrogels made from starch, cellulose and proteins are safer for ecosystems when compared to petroleum-based ones. Just compare how they can hold water and decompose which is why we may use the gels to control soil moisture conditions and reduce irrigation. It is also noted that they do uplift soil structure to enhance root performance and nutrient uptake efficiency thus making most water use by plants. In a word, these crop-based hydrogels do not only increase water and nutrient use efficiency, but also support microbial life in soil as well. Such positive results could be even more evident when biochar or nanoparticles were added to these hydrogels. As such, it is clear that they will make life a bit easier especially in arid and semi-arid regions where water is scarce. To end with they were noted doing great job of raising water-use efficiency whilst reducing dependence on plastic materials used in agriculture today thus paving the way for sustainable intensification.
"Case Report and Review: Unveiling the Mysteries of Cervical Vertebral Fusion - Developmental, Radiological, and Genetic Insights"
1Dr. Ravikiran HR; 2Dr. Ashwini NS
Vertebral fusion is the fusion of bodies and the various elements of the vertebral arch of adjacent vertebrae Such vertebral fusion usually is seen in cervical and lumbar region, more so between the second and third cervical vertebrae, usually asymptomatic; but may also result in features suggestive of neurological compression and might also present difficulty in procedures like endotracheal intubation. This present case repors the discussion on fusion of C3 and C4 cervical vertebra. The Fused Cervical Vertebrae (FCV) studied is with respect to the degree and site of fusion. Partial fusion was seen in the specimen. This report aims at cervical vertebral fusion and the need for earlier detection to avoid the expected complications like degeneration of adjacent segments and neurological deficits. The report is compared with review analysis and the variable presentation and fusion of cervical vertebra.
Leveraging Blended Learning Strategy for the Teaching and Learning of Science
1Olu-Ajayi, F. E., 2Akinwumi, I.O, 3Falemu, F.A. and 4Kenni, A. M
This paper discusses the concept Blended Learning, and its significance for science learning. It has been observed that the conventional teaching and learning of science seems inadequate in yielding the desired expectations in science Education, and has been discovered to be teacher-centred, hence non-engaging for learners, thus resulting in a passive, non-participatory classes which has a negative effect on students’ interest, attitude and performances. The need to supplement the conventional teaching method then arises, if the expectations of the society from the modern science classrooms will be met. A paradigm shift to an interactive, participatory education involving supplementing the conventional way of teaching with technology-mediated instruction into learning is thought to be the ideal for learning science in the contemporary world. This paper purposes to present blended learning as a better alternative and interactive method of learning science as it enables the use of multiple senses by learners, and present teaching in an interesting way for proper learning and retention. The paper also pointed out the challenges and disadvantages of Blended learning and discusses the remedies to pit-falls in the use of BL.
Impact of Social Media on the Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria
Margaret Olanireti Ayodele
This study examined the impact of social media on the academic performance of secondary school students in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. The survey type of descriptive research was adopted for this study. The population of the study covered all the secondary school students in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. Out of thes population, One Hundred and Fifty (150) students was selected from 10 secondary schools in Ikere- Ekiti, using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used to collect data for the study was a self-structured questionnaire. Four research hypotheses were formulated for the study. On the basis of the findings made in the study, It was concluded that social media has a great impact on the academic performance of secondary school students in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. Consequently, it was recommended that teachers should introduce a group discussion forum on these networking sites such as Google classroom for the students to contribute positively on different topics of interest as this will keep them active in a productive way. Also, it was further recommended that students be advised during orientation programmes on the dangers of addiction to social media sites and that they should be introduced to sites that can add values to academic work and research. Lastly, it is recommended that parents, teachers and school management need also to teach the students about time management and they should put a limitation to students activities while at school and at home so that they will not fritter away useful time on irrelevant activities like chatting.
Preservation and Improvement of Indigenous Languages for a Sustainable Educational and National Development of a Multilingual Nation
Olayinka Omolayo Aturamu
The study investigated the preservation and improvement of indigenous language for a sustainable educational and national development of a multilingual nation. The sample for the study comprised of two hundred respondents from the department of Linguistics from three Universities in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The sample were purposively selected. Faculty undergraduates, who study English, Linguistics, and History were sampled because it was believed that appropriate representations of the speakers of the major ethnic and minority languages could be tracked amidst these respondents. The study employed a descriptive survey research design due to the fact that it enables information to be obtained from a representative sample of the targeted population in order to describe situations as they exist. The instrument used for data collection was a self-structured questionnaires designed by the researchers based on language preference and choice in a multi-ethnic nation such as Nigeria in relation to sustainable educational and national development. Three research questions were raised to guide the study and they were answered descriptively using mean and Standard Deviation. One research hypothesis were formulated for the study and tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Based on the data analysis, findings revealed that there was significant relationship between indigenous language and sustainable educational and national development in Nigeria. The study concluded that being an exploratory study, this finding might not be regarded as conclusive. Nevertheless, it has several implications for assuring quality in the preservation and improvement of the indigenous language towards national and educational development in Nigeria. The study recommended that Indigenous languages should be made a compulsory subject to be passed at credit level as all the levels of education in Nigeria and that promotional activities should be undertaken in all spheres of life particularly in the education and communication world to project African and specifically Nigerian indigenous language, culture and tradition which are worthy of their values in civilization.
An Evaluation of Teaching Facilities on Students Academic Performance in Basic Science in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State
Ajoke Dada Oyeniyi
The study is an evaluation of teaching facilities on students’ academic performance in Basic Science in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study examined whether, educational facilities have impact on students’ academic performance in Basic Science, also the study find out if teaching facilities are available for teaching Basic Science, and to determine if the teaching facilities are properly managed by school authorities. In view of these, three research hypotheses were formulated. This study was a descriptive research of survey type. 118 respondents were selected for the study simple random sampling technique was used to select five secondary schools for the study. A well structured questionnaire was used for data collection and the data were analyzed using percentage. While chi-square was used to test the hypotheses formulated for the study at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that among others that the quality of teaching facilities can significantly impact the academic performance of students. Also Well-equipped teaching facilities, such as laboratories, libraries, audio-visual aids, and technology resources, provide students with hands-on experiences and opportunities to engage with the subject matter more effectively. The study recommended that Government at all levels and private school owners should ensure that modern facilities are available and also ensures the usage to improve academic performance. Most of the facilities available are in poor state of disrepair. Hence, educational planners and school leaders should carryout extensive repairs, renovation, retrofitting and replacement of some major component.
The Impact of Vocational and Entrepreneurial Arts Programs on Career Choices and Life Aspiration of Secondary School Students in Ekiti State
Michael Olusola Ogunmola
This study examined the impact of vocational and entrepreneurial art programs on the career and life aspirations of secondary school students in Ekiti State, Nigeria. With the increasing emphasis on practical skills and entrepreneurial thinking in education, these programs are designed to equip students with essential skills and inspire diverse career ambitions. Four (4) research questions were raised to guide the study while three (3) hypotheses were formulated for the study. Employing a descriptive research design of survey type approach, data were collected from 150 secondary school students who participated in vocational and entrepreneurial art programs, using structured questionnaires to assess changes in career aspirations, motivation levels, and perceived skill improvements. The statistical analysis of the study revealed that there was significant influence of vocational and entrepreneurial art program on students’ career choice and aspirations. It was also revealed that there was significant influence of skills and knowledge gained through vocational and entrepreneurial art program on students’ employability and entrepreneurial potentials. Lastly, the study revealed that there was significant effect of vocational and entrepreneurial art program on student’s technical skills, business acumen and critical thinking ability necessary to succeed in the 21st century workforce. The study concludes with recommendations that practical and hands-on technical training with a focus on modern tools and technologies relevant to the 21st-century workforce should be integrated in the curriculum.
Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Suicidal Ideation among Nigerian Undergraduatess and the Mediating Effect of Age, Gender, and Level of Study
Eyisi I. Meek1; Abiodun M. Gesinde2; Gboyega E. Abikoye3
The phenomenon of suicide ideation seems to be very rampant in universities due to the frustration and restlessness that is associated with learning. Parents and teachers have expressed their displeasure with stories of undergraduates’ untimely death through suicide. This study, therefore, examined the extent to which mindfulness-based cognitive therapy will be effective in the treatment of suicide ideation among undergraduates and the mediating effect of age, gender, and level of study. The study involved randomly assigning 234 participants between ages 16 and 25 years old, with mean age of 18.47±1.48 who had statistically significant suicide ideation scores to experimental and control groups. Two research hypotheses were posed andstatistical tools of Structural Equation Model (SEM), line chart, and independent t-test aided the analysis of the hypotheses. The significance criterion for testing the hypotheses was set at p<0.05. Results of the analysis revealed that the experimental groups' suicide ideation scores were significantly lower at the post-test (t = 5.063, p<0.05). Similarly, there was no significant mediation path of age, gender, or level of study on the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy -0.021 (0.681). To reduce global suicide rates, it is essential to integrate these findings into existing research on suicide. This would enable earlier identification of warning signs and the development of more effective interventions.
Comparative Analysis of Biogas Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Cow dung: A Kinetic and Machine Learning Approach
Dimoha Chinwendu*, Godwin Mbamalu, Fadoju Sunkanmi, Okafor Joshua, Ezeasor Ikenna, Obiora Blessing
This study investigates the prediction of biogas production from the anaerobic co-digestion of cabbage waste, leaf litter of sandbox and cow dung using both traditional kinetic models and a machine learning algorithm. Specifically, the Modified Gompertz, Modified Richards, and Logistic Function models were compared against the XGBoost algorithm to evaluate their goodness-of-fit to experimental data. The goal of this study was to determine which model best predicts biogas production with respect to retention time, thereby providing insights into the dynamic behavior of the anaerobic digestion process. Nine (9) 32-liter capacity biodigesters labeled A-I, control (A-C), pretreated (D-F) and blended (G-I) waste samples were utilized for the experiment. Biodigesters A-C contained 6 kg of waste samples and 18 litres of water. Similarly, biodigesters D-F contained 6 kg of wastes samples pretreated with 0.6% ash, while biodigesters G-I contained a mixture of the three wastes blended in varying proportions of 20:40:40, 50:25:25 and 60:20:20. The daily biogas output was evaluated using the water displacement method. The volume of gas in the feedstocks within the biodigester was measured daily for 35 days. Experimental data from the study was analyzed using basic statistics, non-linear regression models and Machine Learning Algorithm (XGBoost).The study found that pretreatment and blending using varying waste blending proportions significantly increased biogas production when compared to the control waste samples. Also amongst the models compared, the logistic function model produced the highest coefficient of determination (R² = 0.82), followed by the modified Richards model (R² = 0.81) and the modified Gompertz model (R² = 0.79). The XGBoost model yielded a lower R² of 0.71. These results indicate that traditional kinetic models are more accurate in predicting biogas production than the XGBoost model. This study demonstrated that traditional kinetic models, particularly the Logistic Function model, was more effective for predicting anaerobic digestion and biogas production processes compared to the XGBoost machine learning model. The findings of the study confirmed that kinetic models are reliable tools for accurately modeling and forecasting biogas production in anaerobic digestion systems.
Incidence of Sexual Abuse and Efficacy of Cognitive Restructuring Therapy on Low Self-Esteem of Sexually Abused Female Adolescents
1Olusolami B Okunlola; 2Abiodun M Gesinde; 3Jonathan A Odukoya
Sexual abuse against children and adolescents is a global occurrence with numerous negative psychosocial outcomes including low self-esteem. Prevalence of child sexual abuse and its association with self-esteem have received increasing attention in the literature but empirical information on how cognitive restructuring therapy could manage low self-esteem of sexually abused .This study investigated the incidence of sexual abuse and the efficacy of cognitive restructuring intervention in the treatment of low self-esteem among sexually abused female adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 588 sexually abused female adolescents between ages 11 and 19 were sampled through criterion sampling technique. Participants completed Child sexual abuse questionnaire (CSAQ) and Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (RSES) which were analysed with descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA. 14 of the sexually abused participants (1.2%) reported a high level of self-esteem. Moderate level of self-esteem was reported by 390(33.5%), and 184 (15.8%) reported low levels of self-esteem. The result also revealed a significant difference in the self-esteem of participants in the experimental group who were exposed to cognitive restructuring intervention compared to the participants in the control group who were not exposed to the intervention (F (3, 56) = 8.287, p< .05). The outcome of this study indicates that cognitive restructuring intervention was effective in raising the self-esteem of the participants. The results also underscore the need to engage multi-strategic approaches to increase awareness among stakeholders so as to reduce the occurrence of sexual abuse in the society. It is also imperative to harness cognitive restructuring and other counselling intervention strategies that are specifically useful for improving the self-esteem outcomes among sexually abused female adolescents.
Supply Chain Resilience and Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Brewery Firms in South West Nigeria
1Desmond Odeyovwi Otutuadum; 2Olannye A. Peter
The study examined the effect of supply chain resilience on sustainable competitive advantage of brewery firms in South West Nigeria. This study used a cross-sectional survey research design method. A total of 342 supply chain channel members made up the study's population. A total of 181 respondents were chosen as the sample size. Stratified sampling technique was used for the study. A structured questionnaire served as the study's research instrument. A test-retest reliability technique was used to determine the instrument's reliability. Descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data collected for the study. Findings showed that supply chain agility, supply chain flexibility, supply chain collaboration and supply chain digitalization had significant positive effect on sustainable competitive advantage of brewery firms in South West Nigeria. The study concluded that supply chain resilience had significant positive effect on sustainable competitive advantage of brewery firms in South West Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that firms should create cross-functional teams dedicated to monitoring market trends and emerging risks.
Impact of Digitalisation and Innovation on the Competitive Edge of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in the Fashion Industry in Lagos State, Nigeria
1Olabisi Ijeoma Dominic; 2Taiwo Adewale Muritala*; 3Hauwa Lamino Abubakar; 4Prof (Dr) Riyaz Muhmmad; 5Saji George
This study examines the impact of digitalisation and innovation on the competitive edge of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in the fashion industry in Lagos State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the effects of social media, digital payment, and online shopping on customer satisfaction, which is considered a key determinant of competitive advantage. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing primary data collected through a questionnaire administered to 84 SMEs in the fashion industry. The data is analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results indicate that social media and online shopping have a statistically significant positive impact on customer satisfaction, suggesting their importance for enhancing competitiveness. However, digital payment did not have a significant effect in this study. The regression model exhibits a moderate correlation and explains approximately 22% of the variation in customer satisfaction. Based on the results, policy recommendations are proposed, including developing robust digital infrastructure, implementing capacity-building programs, facilitating widespread adoption of digital payment systems, enacting data privacy and security policies, and promoting a culture of innovation and digitalisation through industry associations and support organisations.
Corporate Board Diversity and Firm Performance of Companies Quoted on the Nigerian Consumer Goods Sector
1Mbu-Ogar, Geraldine Banku; 2Prof. Ugwoke, Robinson O; 3Nkiri, Joseph Enyam; 4Eyo, Rose Emmanuel; 5Abotsi, Lucia Abonye
Businesses today increasingly operate within a dynamic and competitive environment, where optimality in performance and greater efficiency is expedient. Corporations requires a board with diversity of skills, attributes and features that promotes the development and enforcement of shared knowledge for increased adaptability and organizational advancement. Corporate board diversity encourages skills heterogeneity, thereby deepening corporate talent pool and enhancing corporate leadership. It broadens teams preferences to provide for a more representation of varied perspectives and approaches brought to bear on the board. Corporate board diversity also births a positive environment for consultative inputs and insights which synergistically resolves into higher level outcomes and results suitable for organizational gains. Board cognitive diversity has been adjudged as the core strategic value creation resource of any organization which promotes competitiveness. In addition, foreign directorship/ diversity engenders firms exposure to external opportunities such as foreign markets, low cost of capital etc. Tenure diversity ensures an average board tenure for members of the board so that policies and objectives can be achieved without encumbrances from management. Also, an age diverse board promises flexibility and is critical in strengthening boards strategic decision making trajectory. The study population comprised of 18 companies quoted on the Nigerian consumer goods sector. Result from the panel OLS regression analysis (fixed effect estimator)revealed that there exist a positive and significant relationship between board cognitive diversity (BCD) foreign directorship/diversity (FD), tenure diversity (TD), age diversity (AD) and firm performance (ROA). The study recommended that firms should continuously appraise and reappraise the constitution of their board as it remains instrumental to the long term growth potential of any organization.
Information Technology as a Bridge: Enhancing Supplier Relationship Management Practices and Organizational Performance of Nigerian Manufacturing Industry
1Felicia Abiodun Oyewole; 2Ademola Samuel Sajuyigbe; 3Olatunji Fadeyi; 4Fred Ojochide Peter; 5Jane Ogochukwu Ben-Caleb; 6Precious Abioye
This study investigates the impact of Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) practices on organizational performance in the Nigerian manufacturing sector, with a focus on the mediating role of information technology (IT). A purposive sampling method was used to select four key companies—Procter & Gamble, PZ Cussons, Unilever, and Nestlé—while snowball sampling was employed to select 50 employees from each company, yielding a total sample size of 200. Data were analyzed using Path Analysis Structural Equation Modeling (PA-SEM) via STATA version 15. The findings reveal that SRM practices have a significant and positive effect on organizational performance, with supplier trust, communication, involvement, and development emerging as particularly impactful. Among these, supplier development showed the strongest relationship with performance.Thestudy further underscores the critical role of information technology (IT) in enhancing organizational performance. Effective utilization of IT was found to mediate the relationships between supplier trust, involvement, and development, with the most pronounced effect observed in the case of supplier involvement.These results highlight the importance of leveraging IT to optimize supplier relationships and improve organizational outcomes. Companies should focus on building strong supplier relationships founded on trust and clear communication, actively involve suppliers in decision-making, and invest in supplier development to drive innovation and efficiency. Additionally, effective IT integration is essential for supporting these relationships and boosting overall performance.
Examining the Degree to which Accounting Education in Palestine with IES 4 Adheres to Professional Values, Ethics, and Attitudes
1Prof. M. Umadevi; 2Mahmoud S.J. Hassan
Purpose: The study aimed to examine the extent to which accounting education in Palestine, using International Education Standard 4, adheres to values, ethics, and professional trends. Research Methods: The study's aims were achieved through the use of the descriptive analytical approach. A questionnaire designed for this purpose was distributed to accounting graduates employed by government agencies and ministries. Additionally, the SPSS application was used to evaluate the data. Results: The study found that there is sufficient commitment from accounting education programs in Palestinian universities to Standard IES 4 in terms of the standard’s outcomes: professional values, ethics, and attitudes. In order, ethical principles were the most committed outcomes in Palestinian universities, followed by the commitment to the public interest, and finally skepticism and professional judgment.
The Extent to Which Accounting Education Programs in Palestinian Universities Comply with Standard IES01
1Prof. M. Umadevi; 2Mahmoud S.J. Hassan
Purpose: The study aimed to examine the extent of compliance of accounting education programs in Palestinian universities with the standard IES01. Research Methods: To achieve the study's goals, a descriptive analytical technique was adopted. A specially designed questionnaire was distributed to accounting graduates employed by government agencies and ministries. Additionally, SPSS was used to evaluate the results. Results: The study found that there is sufficient commitment from accounting education programs in Palestinian universities to Standard IES01 in terms of admission requirements for accounting education programs, as Palestinian universities set minimum educational requirements for their accounting programs, to ensure that only applicants who have the ability to succeed are accepted. It publishes relevant information to assist prospective students in setting reasonable expectations and notifying relevant parties.
Advanced AI-Driven Spine Posture Detection Using CNN and Mediapipe for Accurate Postural Analysis and Correction
1Mr. M. Priyadharshan; 2Ms. Bhoomiya S K*; 3Mr. Kirubhakaran S; 4Ms. Abinaya R; 5Ms. Subhashini S G
Sedentary lifestyles, particularly among office workers, have increased the prevalence of spinal health issues stemming from poor posture and misalignment. These issues are often linked to chronic pain, reduced mobility, and diminished productivity, highlighting the urgent need for effective solutions. Traditional ergonomic tools, such as adjustable chairs and desks, lack the capability to provide real-time feedback essential for sustained posture correction. This study presents an AI-powered spine posture detection system leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Media Pipe’s pose estimation framework. By analyzing spinal alignment in real time, the system identifies deviations and delivers immediate corrective feedback to encourage healthier postural habits. The integration of CNNs’ deep learning capabilities with Media Pipe’s efficient pose-tracking ensures accurate and scalable posture analysis across diverse workplace environments. Extensive testing demonstrates the system's reliability in detecting misalignments under varying conditions, promoting improved posture and mitigating risks associated with prolonged spinal strain. Limitations, such as reduced accuracy in unconventional sitting positions, are discussed, alongside future directions like adaptive algorithms and personalized feedback.This research highlights the transformative potential of AI in addressing ergonomic challenges, offering a practical solution to improve spinal health, enhance workplace productivity, and foster long-term musculoskeletal well-being.
Radical Changes in Educational Transformation: Education 5.0 - Part II
1Karuna Nikum; 2Sunita Pachori
Education 5.0 represents a paradigm shift in education, leveraging advanced technologies to create personalized, immersive, and collaborative learning experiences. Education will increasingly focus on cultivating global citizenship, promoting intercultural understanding, and preparing students to address global challenges. In India, with its vast population and diverse educational landscape, the potential benefits of Education 5.0 are immense. India can harness the power of Education 5.0 to create a more equitable, innovative, and effective education system.In this paper, key advantages, challenges and associated solution for the implementation of Education 5.0 has been discussed. As we look towards the future, several key trends are shaping the way we learn and teach that are personalize learning, hybrid learning, immersive learning, lifelong learning. Here, a process to implement Education 5.0 architecture to emphasize on the goal and requirements is discussed.
Gastronomic Tourism's Influence on Baguio Tourists' Travel Choices and Cultural Experience
Michael T. Sebullen, (CRS, PhD)1; Jocelyn B. Ang, (PhD)2; Angelo A. Bayacsan, (MBA)3
This study investigates how gastronomy tourism in Baguio City, Philippines, influences tourist motives, protects cultural heritage, and promotes tourism growth. In-depth interviews and field observations were used to collect data from 21 participants, including local food producers, restaurant owners, tourism officers, and tourists, using a descriptive qualitative study approach. Baguio's culinary identity is firmly anchored in its traditional Cordilleran meals, centuries-old cooking methods, and fresh mountain products, according to thematic analysis. Authentic culinary experiences are the main attraction for tourists, and local food has a big impact on their choice of destination. The sustainability of gourmet tourism is threatened, meanwhile, by obstacles including poor marketing, worries about environmental sustainability, and problems with resource management. The study identifies areas where stakeholders may work together to promote regional cuisine, implement sustainable practices, and improve infrastructure. These programs have the potential to protect the city's culinary legacy, enhance its allure as a food-focused travel destination, and support environmentally friendly travel that supports the Sustainable Development Goals of the UN. In the end, this study emphasizes how important food is in establishing cultural identity and improving tourist experiences, offering useful information to players in the tourism industry and politicians who want to create a framework for sustainable gastronomy tourism in Baguio City.
Exploring the Effect of Public Relations Public on the Performance of SMEs in South East Nigeria
Abugu, James Okechukwu1; Okezie, Kristopher Onyekachi2; Emmanuel Samuel Udo3
This study explores the impact of public relations (PR) on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in South-East Nigeria, focusing on three core PR components: employee relations, community engagement, and media relations. Using regression analysis, this research examines how each PR aspect influences SME performance based on data from 368 SME stakeholders across three states. The results revealed that robust employee relations characterized by clear communication, regular staff meetings, and targeted training significantly enhance productivity. Community engagement efforts, including sponsorship programs, needs assessments, and the provision of basic amenities, foster local loyalty and improve business outcomes. Furthermore, strategic media relations through activities such as documentary production and social media advertising elevate brand visibility and customer confidence. Supported by human relations, stakeholders, and agenda-setting theories, our findings underscore the pivotal role of public relations in SME growth. Recommendations emphasize the need for transparent communication channels, employee development, community involvement, optimized media strategies, and sustainability practices. This study offers actionable insights for SMEs seeking to harness public relations as catalysts for performance improvement and long-term success.
Microbial Revolution for Pesticide Bioremediation
Priyambada Singh, Laiba Arsi
Pesticides are primarily used to prevent and control the damage caused by noxious weeds, fungus, and insects to crops, property, and human health but the widespread application of pesticides in agriculture has resulted in significant damage of the environment, endangering both human health and ecosystems. Through biodegradation, microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae present a viable and environmentally sustainable way to reduce pesticide contamination. These microorganisms have metabolic pathways that allow them to detoxify and metabolize a variety of pesticides, changing dangerous substances into less hazardous or non-toxic forms. Microbial degradation of pesticides encourages the repair of contaminated sites while also lessening the persistence of pesticides in soil and water. The efficiency of microbial breakdown depends on numerous factors, including the chemical composition of pesticides, ambient circumstances, and the microbial species involved. The variety of microorganisms such as Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fungi and Cyanobacteria involved in pesticide breakdown and their mode of action are discussed in this paper along with their role in environment. Technological developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering have significantly improved microorganisms’ capacity to more efficiently degrade persistent insecticides.
Resonance of Sound Waves: Exploring the Neurobiological Mechanism of Bhojpuri Upbeat Music in Enhancing Serotonergic and Dopaminergic Neurotransmission
Arnab Roy1*,Ankita Singh2, Mahesh Kumar Yadav3, Ayush Kumar4, Subham Kumar Lohani4, Manav Kumar4
Bhojpuri music, a vibrant and culturally significant auditory stimulus originating from the eastern regions of India, presents unique acoustic properties capable of eliciting significant neurobiological responses. This review explores the interaction between the rhythmic, melodic, and emotional elements of Bhojpuri musical compositions and their effects on the central nervous system, focusing specifically on dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Upbeat Bhojpuri music, characterized by its fast tempo and rhythmic patterns, has been observed to stimulate dopaminergic neurotransmission, primarily in the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways, leading to enhanced reward perception, motivation, and emotional regulation. Additionally, serotonergic activation within the raphe nuclei and its associated pathways contributes to mood stabilization and stress reduction. The interplay between these neurotransmitter systems not only modulates emotional responses but also induces neuroplastic changes, such as synaptic strengthening, motor-auditory coupling, and cognitive adaptability. This neurophysiological response to Bhojpuri music highlights its potential therapeutic implications for mood disorders, cognitive enhancement, and stress management. However, further empirical studies employing neuroimaging and molecular techniques are required to validate and quantify these neurobiological effects. Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying Bhojpuri music’s influence on dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways can pave the way for its integration into non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions for mental health and cognitive well-being.
Forensic Accounting and Fraud Mitigation in Selected Insurance Firms in South West Nigeria
1Omoniyi Alabi Adeosun (Ph.D), 2Faith Aderonke, Adebamiwo & 3Omoniyi. Eniola (Ph.D)
This study investigates the role of forensic accounting in mitigating fraud within selected insurance firms in South West Nigeria. Specifically, the research examines the effectiveness of forensic accounting in reducing fraud. The study underscores the critical role forensic accounting plays in addressing fraudulent practices and strengthening corporate governance frameworks in the Nigerian insurance industry. A descriptive research design was adopted, utilizing primary data collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 50 key personnel in insurance firms. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis via the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The model assessed the relationship between forensic accounting practices and fraud mitigation, focusing on fraud reduction and the enhancement of internal controls. The findings revealed that forensic accounting significantly reduces fraud and strengthens internal control systems in Nigerian insurance firms. The regression analysis indicated that forensic accounting practices positively influence fraud mitigation, with robust statistical support for the hypothesis tested. Respondents agreed that forensic accounting improves fraud detection, enhances governance, and provides a vital mechanism for managing financial crimes. In conclusion, the study highlights the indispensable role of forensic accounting in fraud prevention and internal control enhancement. It recommends mandatory integration of forensic accounting into corporate governance frameworks for insurance firms in Nigeria. Furthermore, continuous training of staff on forensic techniques and collaboration with regulatory bodies are advocated to ensure sustainability and effectiveness in fraud mitigation efforts.
Insurgency, Banditry and Out-of-School Children Syndrome in Northern Nigeria: A Ticking Time Bomb
1James E. Archibong; 2Anthony Ekpoudo
Education trains people to be productive and accepted members of society and is a tool for social engineering and national development. Additionally, it is a way to combat gender exclusion, poverty, underdevelopment, and illiteracy in society. This isnot the situation in northern Nigeria, where there is a high rate of poverty, illiteracy, banditry, insurgency, and out-of-school children (OOSC). According to United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) estimates over 20 million school-age children in Nigeria do not attend school. There are 2.58 million out-of-school children in southern Nigeria and 15.23 million in northern Nigeria. Lack of education encourages insurgency and banditry and poses a security threat in the north region, where politicians, dishonest people, and non-state armed players frequently target OOSC for illicit purposes. Hundreds of youngsters in northern Nigeria were detained, imprisoned, and charged during the August 2024 statewide anti-government rallies in Nigeria for displaying the Russian flag and demanding the toppling of the government. The issue of OOSC in Northern Nigeria is examined in this essay, with special attention to the dangers posed by banditry and insurgency. A government minister claims that the enormous number of northern youngsters who do not attend school is a ticking time bomb. Urgent and coordinated action is needed to prevent the impending Armageddon. To restore schools and inspire learning, the government should increase funding for education, declare a state of emergency in education in the north, and stop armed groups from attacking schools.
Impact of Occlusal Schemes on Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - Review
Dr.Sreedevi V1 , Dr.Sarankumar M2, Dr. Swetha D3,Dr.Devi Gayathri V S4
The relationship between occlusal schemes and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) remains a critical area of research in prosthodontics. This review explores the impact of various occlusal schemes, including balanced, canine-guided, and group function occlusion, on the etiology and management of TMD. Emphasis is placed on the role of occlusion in contributing to TMJ dysfunction, evidence-based findings from clinical studies, and practical implications for prosthodontic treatment planning. Additionally, the review identifies gaps in current research and highlights future opportunities, particularly in the use of advanced imaging and digital technologies. Understanding the intricate connection between occlusal design and TMJ health can aid clinicians in optimizing patient outcomes and minimizing complications related to TMD.
The Relationship between Financial Development and Economic Growth in Ethiopia, Time Series Analysis through Using ARDL
Gadisa Mosisa Deressa
The connection between economic growth and financial development is a contentious topic in today's society. This study made an effort to further this discussion. Examining the connection between Ethiopia's financial development and its economic growth is the main goal of this study. To accomplish this goal, the co-integration test was conducted using the ARDL model; the short-run dynamics of the variables were observed using ECM; the causal relationship between economic growth and financial development was examined using Granger causality; the system's response to shocks to economic variables was evaluated using variance decomposition and impulse response functions. The explanatory variables that were employed included the broad money supply, trade openness, net interest margin, gross national saving, and domestic lending to the private sector. All explanatory factors were employed as proxies for financial development, with the exception of trade openness. The study concluded that there is a long-term, unidirectional relationship between financial development and economic growth. Trade openness, a broad money supply, and domestic loans to the private sector are statistically significant drivers of economic growth. On the other hand, net interest margin was found to be the statistically significant variable that negatively effects economic growth. In Ethiopia, the relationship between financial development and economic growth is mainly unidirectional.
Study of Heavy Metals Tolerance by Microorganism in Industrial Wastewater: A Review
1Shikha Gangwar (Ph.D. Scholar), 2Vijay Tripathi (Associate Professor) & 3Om Prakash Verma*(Professor)
The contamination of the environment with heavy metals is a consequence of numerous human exercises, like mining and metallurgy, and the impacts of these metals on the biological systems are of huge financial and general wellbeing importance. Likewise, water contamination is on the ascent as a result of expanded human populace and exercises, unsustainable farming practices, and quick industrialization, and it is a significant worldwide concern. There are different microbial strains that are impervious to heavy metals and hence could be utilized in bioremediation. The utilization of naturally occurring microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, or plants to remove such pollutant i.e., Bioremediation has proven to be effective and proficient. Microorganisms have adapted to the presence of heavy metal particles in their environments, and there are basically five fundamental mechanisms through which, the bacteria show resistance against the heavy metal pollutants: extracellular barrier, active transport of metal ions (efflux), extracellular sequestration, intracellular sequestration, reduction of metal ions. Moreover, such interaction among microbial strains and heavy metal particles are of extraordinary interest as it provides a fundamental process of heavy metals treatment i.e., advantageous, non-toxic, affordable, and natural processes. Moreover, such mechanisms to resist heavy metal toxicity involves production of specific genes and proteins by bacteria, such as, metallothioneins, enzymes, transporters, metal chelators, efflux pumps, and regulatory proteins. This article briefly discussed about the effect of heavy metals on the environment and human wellbeing, as well as the utilization of microbial strains for eliminating it.
Organizational Commitment and Employee Productivity of Sachet Water Firms in Nnewi
1Goodfaith Nnenna Dike (PhD); 2Dr. Chineze J. Ifechukwu-Jacobs; 3Chidimma Odira Okeke (PhD); 4Obinna Solomon, Eboh
The study examined the organizational commitment and employee productivity on sachet water in Nnewi. The objective of the study were to, Investigate the effect of training on the employee productivity of sachet water firms in Nnewi, Determine the effect of planning on employee productivity of sachet water firms in Nnewi. The study was anchored on Goal-setting theory proposed by Edwin Locke. The study adopted a cross-sectional research survey design in its investigation of the variables. Primary data was generated through structured, self-administered questionnaire. The target population was sachet water companies in Nnewi. In this study we used both primary data. The study sample was 486 employees. The reliability of the instrument was also achieved through confirmatory tests using Crombach Alpha coefficient. Data generated were analyzed and presented using regression methods. The hypotheses were tested using the t-test .The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The study found that Training has significant effect on employee productivity on sachet water in Nnewi. Planning has significant effect on employee productivity on sachet water in Nnewi. Training should be done on collaborative decision making and problem solving, geared towards decentralization. Employees should be trained according to the present content of the environment. The reason is that training implies acquiring knowledge to fill the gap between what is known and what should be known
Comparative Study on Natural Resources Management for Environmental Sustainability: India vs. Nigeria
Abubakar, MY1 & Shinde, D.S2
Natural Resource Management encompasses the strategic and sustainable utilization and preservation of natural assets, which include soil, water, land, forests, wildlife, and minerals. This approach aims to sustain ecosystem services, foster economic advancement, safeguard biodiversity, and guarantee the availability of resources for subsequent generations. The review conducted a comparative analysis of resource management strategies for environmental sustainability between India and Nigeria, drawing upon variousreputable published works. The review findings revealed that India and Nigeria exhibit divergent methodologies influenced by their respective regulatory frameworks, environmental challenges, and economic contexts. It was determined that both nations are rich in natural resources yet encounter difficulties associated with governance, sustainable practices, and community participation. The results underscore that Nigeria exhibits a greater reliance on natural resources compared to India, whereas India demonstrates a more substantial investment in renewable energy and possesses a superior biodiversity index. Additional challenges faced by these nations include land degradation, water scarcity, deforestation, and energy inefficiencies. Nevertheless, India has achieved more significant advancements in sustainable resource management due to enhanced governance, improved policy frameworks, and considerable investments in renewable energy initiatives, conservation efforts, and a focus on technological advancements and a green economy. Conversely, Nigeria is actively pursuing diversification from its excessive dependence on oil, in contrast to India's commitment to self-sufficiency in minerals and sustainable mining practices. Both nations are striving to harmonize their resource management with economic growth and environmental conservation; however, the review highlighted the necessity for increased investment in green technologies and the equitable distribution of natural resources to attain genuine environmental sustainability. Furthermore, efforts should be directed toward resource management practices and frameworks that promote fair resource utilization and conservation.
Management Lessons from the Bhagavad Gita
Shreya Sharma 1, Kriti Shukla2 & Maitri Sindhu Katiyar3
The Bhagavad Gita is one of the most revered texts of India that has been storeroom alkanet miserly variety of knowing and advisement religious in character. However, especially now in the contemporary setting, the Gita is not just a scripture of the Hindus; it is a repository of know-how on human activities and moral decisions, on leadership and managerial actions; in other words the Gita is not just a prescription for self-maintenance but for self-making as well as organisational self-making. This paper examines the principles of managing as illustrated in the Bhagavad Gita and relates the finding to current organisations. The Gita has a lot of things to say about ethical leadership, particularly as concerns truth, non-self and obligation. It requires the management to be proactive in the relations of the organisation and cultivate covenantal relations. Examining motivation the text highlights the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic types to help people to focus on the process rather than the outcome which is in sync with modern theories.Regarding stress management the Gita has the guidelines on the state of balance and awareness that is to be practiced in such conditions. On this one also emphasis is put on decision-making thereby forcing leaders to make decisions out of the wisdom and clarity of the decision rather than out of anger or bias. Team work is another element which is taught, Class the communal and coordinated effort to attain objective of the organization.By integrating these of apparent global truths, the Bhagavad Gita transforms into a working template to implement management theory practices with ethical staff performance, leadership and organizational optimisation. This research therefore put together old knowledge with today’s requirements showing how the Gita is still relevant today.
Unravelling the Power of Unani Medicine: A Study on Treated Conditions at the Dispensary
Sakshi Garg & Anil Kishore Sinha
A comprehensive healthcare system, which speaks to each health condition in detail, is the Unani System of Medicine. This study was conducted to assess the awareness and utilization pattern of Unani system of medicine in Chandigarh. The population of the study was patients who visited Government Unani Dispensary for the treatment of various ailments. The study was conducted at Government Unani Dispensary in Sector-26, Chandigarh. This study included 415 patients attending Unani OPD for the treatment of various ailments, among them, 214 were females and 201 were males. The sample was selected by using simple random sampling. This was an observational descriptive study was conducted using pretested, predesigned and structured schedule (Nazli et al., 2020). Out of 415 subjects, majority of patients used Unani medicine for digestive disorders (39.52%), respiratory issues (19.76%), joint &muscle pain (18.07%), menstrual disorders (7.23%), general weakness (6.75%), skin conditions (6.26%), fever (5.78%), diabetes (3.61%), and others. Here, it would not be out of place to mention that patients were observed to be suffering from various conditions concurrently. Some patients were also used it for general weakness, stress &anxiety, menstrual disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular health, and hair &scalp issues. Some patients had multiple ailments for which they used Unani medicine. Furthermore, this paper included the reasons for which people preferred this medical system. It can be concluded that Unani medicine is widely used by people but results cannot be generalized to whole population.
E-skills Levels, Needs, and Challenges of Persons with Disabilities: A Case of Calbayog City, Samar, Philippines
Harris C. Tarrayo1, Riz Rupert L. Ortiz1,& Joseph Emil A. David2
Persons with disabilities (PWDs), one of the most vulnerable groups in our society, are among thosewho have been negatively impacted by the rising of digitalization whose relevance has been further emphasized due to the most recent pandemic.It is important that we check on them to see how they are faring in these times where e-skills are required even more especially at work. This study aimed to describe the PWD working population in Calbayog City, Samar, Philippines and determine their present e-skills level, the e-skills they need, and the challenges that prevent them from acquiring such skills. Utilizing the survey data, this work employed descriptive research methodology and quantitative approach to analyze the e-skills level of the respondents, their needed e-skills, and the hindrances they encountered. The results revealed that: a)majority of the respondents were unemployed andthat many of them were in the middle adulthood or older adulthood to retirement age; b) the PWDs do need help in acquiring e-skills and that majority of them are willing to learn them; and c) lack of financial resources, insufficient personalization of learning style, and discriminatory behavior and stereotype are the three major factors that hinder them from learning e-skills. This study offers a solidbaseline information to the local government unit and other stakeholdersthat they can use as basis for crafting e-skills interventions and other similar activities that target the reduction of digital divide among PWDs, their total inclusion in the society, and the upliftment of their lives.
Representation of Metis Identity and Aboriginal Life in Katherena Vermette's the Strangers
Dr. K. Janagarraj1 & Sukanya A.S2
Katherena Vermette offers a profound and compassionate portrayal of Canadian Aboriginal people, particularly those of Métis descent, in contemporary urban Canada. Through her characters’ struggles and triumphs, the novel, The Strangersaddresses the legacy of colonialism, the impact of intergenerational trauma, and the continuing challenges of systemic racism. However, Vermette does not portray her characters as defined by their suffering. Instead, she paints them as complex, multifaceted individuals who are fighting for self-determination, cultural reclamation, and the possibility of healing. Ultimately, the portrayal of Indigenous characters in The Strangers is one of resilience, resistance, and hope, illustrating the strength and vitality of Canada’s Aboriginal communities despite the on-going effects of historical and contemporary injustice. The author explores themes of identity, belonging, and the complexity of Métis life and culture. The novel weaves together multiple perspectives, giving voice to different characters, including a Métis family living in Winnipeg. Through these characters, Vermette uses the theme of indignity to explore the deep and ongoing injustices faced by Métis and Indigenous peoples in Canada. Through systemic violence, cultural erasure, racialization, and personal trauma, the characters experience multiple forms of indignity that rob them of their dignity, belonging, and humanity. However, the novel also portrays how resilience, cultural reclamation, and community can help them confront and resist these indignities. Reclaiming dignity is a central act of resistance against the forces that seek to erase their identities and histories. Vermette’s characters exemplify the enduring strength of the Métis and Indigenous peoples, who continue to fight for justice, reclaim their stories, and assert their worth in a world that seeks to deny them. Thus, Vermette brings attention to the nuances of Métis identity and the challenges of navigating between multiple cultures.
Technostress: The Dark Side of Technology
Nikhil Kumar & Dr. Parul Saxena
Technological developments have fundamentally changed how people live, work and interact in the digital world. Technostress is one of the dark sides that technology brings along with its many positive aspects. In the era of the fast technological advancement comes a new psychological phenomenon known as "technostress", due to extreme use of technology. Individuals who experience anxiety, pressure and discomfort when interacting with technology are said to be experiencing technostress. The term "technostress" describes the detrimental psychological, emotional and physical impacts that people encounter because of excessive use of technology.which is characterized by the anxiety, pressure, and discomfort individuals experience when interacting with technology. The concept of technostress is examined in this research paper, along with its impact in both personal and professional contexts. This study will also try to find out the approaches to mitigate technostress and its negative effects on individuals in the modern digital age.
GC-MS Analysis and Screening of Antimicrobial Potentialities of the Medicinal Plants Diospyrossylvatica Roxb. And Diospyroschloroxylon Roxb
Ch. Gangadhara Rao1, B. Sandhya Sri2, B. Seetha Lakshmi3, Y. T. Rajesh Babu4*, S. B. Padal5
This study investigated the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of Diospyrossylvatica and Diospyroschloroxylon using methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate extracts. The methanol extracts demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity, with D. sylvatica showing an inhibition zone of 15.3 ± 0.57 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 15 mm against Pseudomonas fluorescens at a concentration of 10 mg. In contrast, D. chloroxylon exhibited stronger activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 16.3 ± 0.57 mm. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanol extracts revealed 22 bioactive compounds in D. sylvatica, with benzoic acid (23.68%) and linoelaidic acid (20.57%) as dominant constituents. For D. chloroxylon, Reticuline (46.8%) was the most abundant compound. These findings indicate that both species hold significant therapeutic potential due to their antimicrobial efficacy and diverse bioactive compound profiles.
Application of Web-Based Tools by Secondary School Teachers for Teaching and Learning of Basic Science and Technology in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Dr. Asubiojo Raphael Ojo & Awolumate, E.O.
There is no doubt that inventions and innovations in information and communications technology have brought a tremendous breakthrough in teaching and learning. The web-based technology has been considered the main key to academic excellence in recent times. This study is an attempt at assessing teachers’ application of web-based tools as medium for effective teaching and learning of Basic Science and Technology in Ekiti State. Three research questions were raised and two corresponding hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study made use of descriptive research design of the survey type. The population of the study comprises all Basic Science and Technology teachers in Ekiti State. A sample of 120 Basic Science teachers was selected using random sampling technique. Data for study were collected using structured questionnaire which was developed by the researcher and validated by experts in test and measurement. The results showed that teachers do not possess adequate knowledge of web-based tools and as a result do not use web-based learning tools for teaching and learning of Basic science and technology. The researchers recommended that web-based tools should be integrated into junior secondary schools curriculum.
Association of Gluteal Muscle Weakness and Sedentary Life Style among Postmenopausal Females: A Systematic Review
Bandita Gupta1, Ishika Upadhyay2, Danishta3, Ruma Rajbhar4
Introduction: In postmenopausal women, gluteal muscular weakness and a sedentary lifestyle are growing concerns that could exacerbate musculoskeletal diseases and metabolic syndrome. Comprehending these two variables' correlations is vital in formulating efficacious intervention tactics for this particular demographic. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the relationship between postmenopausal women's gluteal muscle weakness and sedentary behavior, with an emphasis on identifying important variables, plausible explanations, and implications for intervention and health. Methods: A thorough search for published research up to April 2024 was done using a variety of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies looking at the connection between postmenopausal women's sedentary lifestyles and gluteal muscular strength were eligible, as were observational studies and clinical trials. Information about the study's design, sample composition, methods of assessment, and conclusions regarding sedentary behavior and gluteal muscle weakness were retrieved. Result: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review found a strong correlation between postmenopausal women increased gluteal muscle weakening and their sedentary lifestyles. Extended durations of inactivity, or sedentary behavior, have been repeatedly associated with decreased gluteal muscular strength. According to the research, a decrease in physical activity may cause or worsen gluteal muscle weakness, which may have a negative impact on one's health by raising the risk of falls, causing lower back pain, and reducing one's functional mobility. Conclusion: The data show that sedentary lifestyles and gluteal muscle weakness are significantly correlated in postmenopausal women. These results demonstrate the necessity of focused interventions to enhance gluteal muscle strength and encourage physical activity in order to improve health outcomes in this population. Future studies ought to examine the efficiency of particular exercise regimens and lifestyle adjustments in reducing these problems.
Construction and Validation of LogMAR Chart in Chinese
Fakhruddin Shamsheer Barodawala , Soong Yee Peng , Ho Sing Ying
Purpose: Chinese is one of the most widely used languages globally. This experimental research was conducted to design, construct and validate a logMAR chart with Chinese characters for distance visual acuity measurement. Methods: Chinese characters made up of four and five strokes which were often repeated in the standard three textbook were selected for the legibility experiment. The selected characters were then fitted into a 5x5 grid using CorelDRAW X7 software by individual stroke generation. The legibility experiment was carried out using the Strong and Woo (1985) method. Nine Chinese characters of similar legibility scores were used to construct the chart for a testing distance of 4 meters. The validity and repeatability of the chart were then compared to the standard English logMAR chart. Repeatability was measured after 5 min and after 1 week. Findings: The newly constructed logMAR chart in Chinese when compared with the Standard English logMAR chart showed a mean visual acuity difference of 0.08 ± 0.09 logMAR. Visual acuity obtained using the logMAR chart in Chinese were better compared to the Standard English logMAR chart. The limits of agreement between the logMAR chart in Chinese and the standard English logMAR chart was found to be -0.10, 0.26. The test-retest results after 5 minutes and after 1 week showed a difference of 0.03 ± 0.07 logMAR. The limits of agreement between the baseline and five minutes were -0.06, 0.11, and between baseline and one week later was -0.12, 0.18. Conclusions: The newly constructed logMAR chart in Chinese has good repeatability. The differences in the visual acuity obtained between the two charts were within acceptable limits. The newly constructed logMAR chart in Chinese can be used for measuring visual acuity in a clinical setup and for visual acuity screening for the Chinese-speaking population.
Crafting a Brand: Marketing Handicrafts in the Modern Age
1Mrs. Komalatha B C, 2Dr. Krishna B S
In an era where cultural heritage intersects with economic opportunity, the handicraft industry stands at a pivotal juncture. This research paper delves into the intricate relationship between marketing and this vibrant sector, unveiling the art of effectively showcasing its unique value proposition on the global stage. Amidst a growing consumer demand for authenticity and personalization, the paper explores how strategic marketing can empower artisans to overcome challenges, bridge the gap between tradition and technology, and connect with international audiences. Key findings reveal a dynamic landscape where limited resources, lack of marketing expertise, and fierce competition pose hurdles for artisans. However, the paper identifies promising opportunities through the power of storytelling, digital platforms, strategic collaborations, and a focus on niche markets. By embracing sustainable practices and leveraging innovation, the handicraft industry can weave a tapestry of success, preserving cultural heritage while ensuring the economic empowerment of artisans and contributing to a more vibrant global marketplace.
Increasing the Yield of Solar Still for Sea Water Using Nano Material with Thermocol Insulation of Solar Still Basin and Analyzing the Optimization Parameters for Improving the Efficiency of Conventional Desalination Plant
Dr. P.Selvaraj1†, J.B. Renin Jeya Gem2, Dr.K.Velmurugan3, Dr. G. Balamuruga Mohan Raj4, V. Ananda Natarajan5 , M. Balasubramanian6
The solar energy is utilized in the desalination process by collecting the sun’s rays and stored in the form of heat energy. This solar energy is used to converting the sea water into good drinking water. Solar still is a device .which is used to collect and store the solar energy. The stored solar energy is used to evaporate the seawater. Then the evaporated sea water is condensed and collected as pure drinking water. When increasing the production rate of purifying sea water, using some heat energy absorbing materials in solar still and improve the performance of solar still. The solar still is fabricated with black lime stone (Cuddappa stone) and the solar still is covered with thermocol insulation. The production rate of the solar still is to be compared with different energy absorbing materials such as pebbles and nano-material. The nano material (Aluminum oxide) gave more yield rate than the rest of absorbing materials. The minimum day yield is 0.710L /m2/day for without using any energy storage materials in the solar still and the minimum yield efficiency of solar still is 5%. The nano material gave maximum day yield of 2.130 L /m2/day and the maximum yield efficiency of solar still is 16 %.
Attitude towards Love and Happiness in Arranged and Love Marriages among Bengali Adults
Dr. Partha Malakar, Nabanita Banerjee
The present study has been conducted to see whether people differ significantly in respect to the customs of marriage (arranged vs love) in terms of different styles of love and happiness. Study participants were middle class male and female Bengali people residing in Kolkata within 25 to 45 years of age with graduation as their minimum educational qualification. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria 100 participants were finally included. Participants were administered with Kuppuswamy SES scale to determine their level of socioeconomic status, Love Attitude Scale to assess attitude towards love of the participants and Subjective Happiness Scale to assess level of happiness of the participants. Data were collected individually after special appointment and thereafter, the collected data were analyzed in SPSS by using descriptive statistics like mean, SD and inferential statistics like t-test. Results indicated that people differed significantly in respect to arranged vs. love marriage in case of the variables Pragma, Agape, attitude in general and happiness. In terms of the relationship of these variables with SES and age, it has been observed that significant relationship obtained for attitude towards love with SES and also for happiness and SES. These study findings implicate that true, genuine and self less love with realistic approach towards life bring happiness. Socioeconomic status as an important factor impacts this connectivity.
Diabetes in Pregnancy: Prevalence and Determinants- A Systematic Review
1Prof. Anju Philip Thurkkada, 2Dr. Radhamani K, 3Dr. Sobha S Nair, 4Dr. Annie Soman, 5Dr. Sethulekshmy R, 6Dr. Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
Diabetes Mellitus that is diagnosed during pregnancy is termed Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and that diagnosed before pregnancy is termedPregestational Diabetes Mellitus. Hyperglycaemia during pregnancy causes several harmful effects and hence the diagnosis criteria adopted for the diagnosis plays a vital role. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group formed in 1998 has implemented comprehensive diagnostic criteria for hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM and PGDM are associated with several determinants like ethnicity, age, BMI and maternal history. Each of these factors are studied in detail in the present review.
Loneliness, Internet Addiction and Substance Use among Young Adults in Private Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria
1Olusegun Adeeko; 1Sussan Adeusi; 1Adedayo Odukoya; 1Oluwatomilola Adewunmi; 1Temiloluwa Arotiba
The study investigates the relationships between loneliness, internet addiction, and substance use among young adults in private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Utilizing a cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 300 respondents using standardized instruments: the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10). Findings revealed a significant positive correlation between loneliness and internet addiction (r = 0.439, p < 0.001), loneliness and substance use (r = 0.217, p < 0.001), and internet addiction and substance use (r = 0.317, p < 0.001). Regression analysis further showed that internet addiction significantly predicted substance use (B= 0.275, p < 0.001), whereas loneliness did not (B= 0.096, p = 0.159). The study also showed that loneliness and internet addiction together account for a sizable amount of the variation in drug use (R2 = .108, p < 0.001. Focusing on the effects of regulated academic settings, the study highlights the interplay between behavioral and psychological factors on youth well-being. This research highlights the necessity for thorough measures to tackle the intertwined challenges of loneliness, internet addiction, and substance use among youth.
Russia-Ukraine War and Return Forecast of Global Commodity: The Role of Public Sentiments
1Hambolu Victor Olufunsho, 2Okwu, Andy Titus
We investigated how public sentiment has affected ten selected commodity returns in the current war between Russia and Ukraine for the period February 24, 2022, to July 31, 2024. Our predictor series is a public sentiment with structural breaks. We used Principal Component Analysis to generate the public sentiment index based on 29 carefully selected keywords, while the predicted series were returns generated from ten global commodity prices. Using an autoregressive model and having accounted for structural breaks, the predictability of the sentiment index was tested against the commodity returns. The results showed that while sentiment increases returns, integrating the sentiment index into our model significantly expanded its precision. In addition, our post-estimation tests confirmed the robustness of the model. The study further affirmed the role of public sentiment in commodity returns in an economy that is full of uncertainty.
Senior High School Risk Management: Effective Ways to Mitigate Risks in the New Normal
Cherrie Mae M. Manuel
Effective risk management in schools is essential in making sound decisions to deliver the best possible outcomes for stakeholders’ well-being. In the Philippines, the Senior High School Department just implemented in 2016 wherein the analysis of its risks is necessary to formulate a risk management action plan. This study determines the senior high school’s risk management at Baguio Central University and its effective ways of mitigating risks in the new normal. The study employs a total enumeration having seventeen (17) respondents composed of teachers and the principal of the senior high school department. Using a survey questionnaire with an informal interview, the researcher specifically looked into the probability of occurrence of risks, the impact of risks, and the effectiveness of strategies used in mitigating risks in the senior high school department. Results showed that there is a moderate likelihood of the occurrence of risks in the senior high school department during the pandemic. Also, there is a moderate impact of risks in the senior high school department in the new normal. Moreover, it has been found that the department is very highly effective in mitigating risks during the pandemic. Hence, these conclude that risks in the educational sector are inevitable and should be appropriately managed to alleviate their impact on the organization because, if not, it would be detrimental to the operation of the business. Thus, a risk management action plan is required not only for the whole organization but also for the different departments.
The Impact of Financial and Market Policy Inconsistencies on Enterprise Growth in MSME Clusters: A Study of South-East Nigeria
Emelike, Ndubueze Ogbonnaya1, Ekoja, Geoffrey Owoicho2*, Onodugo, A. Vincent3 & Akintunde Olumayowa Olayeni4
Policy inconsistency refers to the misalignment between public policies and broader development goals, often leading to irregularities and frequent changes. Such inconsistencies pose significant challenges to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly in emerging markets like South-East Nigeria, where stable policies are crucial for business sustainability. This study investigates the impact of financial and market policy inconsistencies on enterprise growth in the region. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, 385 respondents were selected through stratified sampling to provide relevant data. A structured questionnaire was administered, and the data were analyzed using moderation analysis at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that financial policy inconsistency significantly impacts enterprise growth (Mean: 3.85 ± 0.686, B = 0.095, t = 2.129, P = 0.034), highlighting the adverse effects of unpredictable financial regulations. Conversely, market policy dynamics were found to have no significant influence on enterprise growth (Mean: 3.872 ± 0.679, B = -0.068, t = 1.490, P = 0.137). The study concludes that while financial policy instability significantly hinders MSME growth, market policy dynamics do not have a similar effect. It recommends that policymakers prioritize the development of consistent financial policies to support the growth and sustainability of MSMEs.
Situational Study of Addressing the Water Shortage Problem in Thavinhal Panchayat of Wayanad
Parvathy Ravikumar
The study looks into the water shortage problem faced by the local people of Thavinhal Panchayat at Wayanad district. Wayanad is well known for its large-scale cultivation has scanty rains which contributed to water scarcity. Thavinhal panchayat is a rural local body in Mananthavady Panchayat of Wayanad Zilla Panchayat. The study is a tool to comprehend the water shortage problem and interact with the local residents of Thavinhal Panchayat. Water shortage problem affects the living conditions of the people, as well as it leads to health consequences and accessibility of water for basic needs. The common issues faced by the people are accessibility and quality of water. Therefore, the study is an evaluation from the public about the accessibility and quality of water. This study’s methodology is based on quantitative research. Surveys and questionnaires will be used to gather the data. The study puts on light on the degree of water shortage that residents have attained. The residents acknowledged that during summer season and climate change, their situation worsens. The issue of water shortage problem should be given attention.
Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Decision-Making and Planning : Revolutionizing Innovations, Challenges and Future Directions in Patient Care
1Dr.Ravikiran HR 2Dr.Ashwini NS
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made significant strides in the healthcare and surgical fields, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, improving surgical outcomes, and personalizing patient care. Technologies such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP) are transforming medical practices by automating complex tasks, improving clinical decision-making, and facilitating real-time analysis. This review explores the diverse applications of AI in healthcare, from diagnostic imaging and robotic surgery to predictive analytics and patient management. By analyzing findings from 2014 to 2024 studies, we examine the current benefits, challenges, and future prospects of AI in these domains. While AI has demonstrated notable success in various areas, its integration into clinical practice raises concerns related to data privacy, algorithmic bias, and ethical implications. However, the potential for AI to revolutionize healthcare and surgery is immense, and overcoming these challenges will be critical to unlocking its full potential.
"Stepping Toward Healing: Surgical Management of Complex Diabetic Foot Ulcers"
1Dr.Ravikiran HR 2Dr.Ashwini NS
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a leading cause of morbidity and disability in patients with diabetes, often leading to infections, amputations, and impaired quality of life. While conservative management strategies such as wound care, offloading, and medical therapies are important, the surgical management of complex DFUs remains a crucial aspect of treatment for many patients. This review article explores the various surgical options available for the management of complex diabetic foot ulcers, their indications, benefits, challenges, and outcomes. Emphasis is placed on surgical techniques aimed at wound debridement, infection control, and reconstruction to prevent amputations and promote optimal healing.
Green Human Resource Management and Sustainable Quality: A Mediating Role of Innovative Technology of SMEs in Ondo State
Igbokwe, P. I.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and Sustainable Quality (SQ) in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Ondo State, Nigeria. The study also examines the mediating role of Innovative Technology (IT) in the relationship between GHRM and SQ. A cross-sectional survey research design was used with a population of 2,363 from SMEDAN 2017. The sample size for this study comprised 341 SMEs located in Ondo State, using a simple random sampling technique. The instrument used was a structured questionnaire, validated with a reliability coefficient of 0.742. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM – SMART-Pls4) to test the formulated hypotheses. The regression results of the study revealed that the recruitment process explains about 71% of the variance in sustainable quality, while the direct effect of green rewards on sustainable quality was relatively low at 9%. However, training and development showed that the joint effect of GHRM accounts for 40% of the variance in sustainable quality, with all hypotheses being accepted. The study provides practical insights for SMEs in Ondo State, suggesting that they can leverage innovative technology to enhance their sustainable quality.
Agronomic Performance and Multivariate Analysis in Sorghum Genotypes under Climate-Smart Management Practices in the Central Plateau Zone, Rwanda
Theogene Niyibigira 1,2,*, Wassu Mohammed 3, Tamado Tana 3,4, Tesfaye Lemma Tefera 3, Placide Rukundo5
This study evaluated 36 genotypes for phenology, yield and components, productivity and drought tolerance indices, and responses to conventional and climate-smart practices (tied ridging, mulching, and zai pits). The genotypes showed significant differences under conventional and under combined climate-smart practices. The average grain yield of the genotypes increased by 23.1% under the combined climate-smart management practices. Genotypes Gihove and Nyirakinuma had higher grain yields under both conventional (3664.5 and 3299.0 kg ha-1) and combined climate-smart practices (3953 and 3468.3 kg ha-1). Productivity and tolerance indices showed superior performance for the two genotypes. Correlation analysis showed relative productivity, yield index, and geometric, harmonic, and mean productivity indices as indicators of sorghum genotype yield over combined climate-smart practices. The first and second principal components accounted for 60.83% and 38.57% of the total variability of the genotypes for the 10 productivity indices, respectively. Cluster analysis grouped the 36 genotypes into four clusters, and genotypes Gihove and Nyirakinuma in cluster IV performed well for yield and productivity indices, suggesting that they could be recommended under conventional and climate-smart management practices to achieve high yields with minimal variation after further evaluation. The observed differences indicate the existence of genetic diversity that could be used to develop drought-tolerant and high-yielding varieties in Rwanda.
A Geographical Study of Millets Production in India (Special Reference to Achieving Sustainable Development Goals)
Dr. Anil Kumar Sinha1 & Dr. Rajib Jana2
Millet cultivation plays a crucial role in enhancing food security and promoting sustainable agriculture through its climate-resilient nature and nutrient-rich composition, contributing to both environmental and human well-being. The declaration of 2023 as the ‘International Year of Millets’ by the ‘United Nations’ has sparked renewed global interest in millets. India has played a leading role in promoting millets, highlighting their potential benefits and guiding the world in recognizing their importance. It is also called a ‘Poor Man Food’. India is the largest producer of millet as of 2021, with a total share of 41 %, followed by Niger (~12 %) and China (~ 8 %). The major millets producing states in India are Rajasthan, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Uttarakhand. The key objectives of this paper are to analyze the millets production in India with special reference to achieving sustainable development goals. This paper is based on secondary data which is collected from various secondary sources. The main findings is that millets are a highly nutritious, climate-resilient and environmentally sustainable food source that can play a vital role in achieving ‘sustainable development goals’. Millets are found to be very helpful with the reduction of weight, BMI (Body Mass Index) and high blood pressure. Millets are low-cost, highly nutritious food that can help reduce poverty and improve food security, especially in developing countries.
A Survey of Recent Enhancement in Deep Learning for Electronic Health Records (EHR)
Mr. M. Priyadharshan, Mr. Dhanaselvan J U*, Mr. Agash A, Mr. Mohammed Afsal A, Mr. Deepak Raj M.
Nowadays, the usage of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) system in healthcare organizations has increased. The electronic health record consists of a vast amount of sensitive patient information, like clinical notes, laboratory test results, and procedures critical for healthcare and medical research. By the Electronic Health Record, we can perform operations like information extraction, representation learning, outcome prediction, and deidentification. Electronic medical records are more convenient to store and utilize than paper-based records. But in this, ensuring the privacy and security of this data is paramount to maintaining patient trust and complying with the regulatory requirements. In this, we discussed the recent developments in the deep learning techniques to ensure data privacy in the electronic health record and concluded with the challenges of the techniques.
Entrepreneurial Financing and Small Business Enterprise Performance in Enugu State
Okonkwo, Chukwudi Joseph1, Chineze Ifechukwu-Jacobs2, & Chukwujekwu Jeffery Obiezekwem3
This study explores the effect of entrepreneurial financing on the financial performance of small business enterprises (SBEs) in Enugu State, Nigeria. The purpose is to investigate both formal and informal financing sources influence on small business success. A descriptive survey design was used.The sample size was determined based on the Borg & Gall formula, resulting in a total of 270 respondents. A structured questionnaire was developed as the primary data collection instrument, and administered to 270 small businesses cut across the State.Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, were utilized to summarize survey responses. The study also used regression analysis for data analysis at 5% level of significance.The findings show that both formal and informal financing have significant positive effects on business performance. The study concludes that policymakers should support both financing avenues and recommends further research on their long-term impact. Entrepreneurs should also be educated on optimizing these financing sources.
The Effectiveness of Human Resource Management Practices in the Workplace: A Systematic Review
Irene P. Tanyag
This paper discusses the changing role of Human Resource Management (HRM) as it moves from being an administrative function to a strategic partner in organizational success. The shift, brought about by globalization, technological advancements, and changing employee expectations, has made both private and public sectors adopt performance-based HRM. In this context, performance-based HRM seeks to improve individual and collective performance by aligning HR practices with organizational objectives. This study specifically evaluates the effectiveness of the Philippine government's Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excellence in Human Resource Management (PRIME-HRM) in modernizing HR practices within public sector agencies. PRIME-HRM focuses on four core systems: Recruitment, Selection, and Placement (RSP); Performance Management (PM); Rewards and Recognition (R&R); and Learning and Development (L&D), aiming to improve organizational efficiency through a highly effective workforce.BFAR-CAR exemplifies a model of the successful implementation of PRIME-HRM. Through continuous improvement, BFAR-CAR attained Maturity Level II in key HR systems on Recruitment, Selection, Placement, Performance Management, and Rewards and Recognition. Before receiving the prestigious Bronze Award, BFAR-CAR made significant progress in transforming its HR practices through the PRIME-HRM program. Achieving Maturity Level II in the key three HR core systems, BFAR-CAR prioritized Learning and Development to complete its HR modernization.The improvements fostered organizational growth, enhanced employee engagement, and established a performance-oriented culture, leading to better service outcomes. This study highlights PRIME-HRM’s transformative potential in strengthening the public sector. Moreover,through its ongoing HR transformation, BFAR-CAR sets a benchmark for other public sector agenciesand other regional BFAR offices to adopt best practices in HR management.This review provides a detailed analysis of the provided text, examining its content, structure, and key arguments. The approach includes literature review, case study analysis, and evaluation of the PRIME-HRM program. Through an assessment, the review identifies both the strengths and weaknesses of the program, along with areas that require further research. By combining these insights, the review offers a clear and balanced evaluation of the study, along with recommendations for future investigation.
Antibacterial Evaluation and Phytochemical Profiling of Terminaliabellirica Fruit Extracts Using GC-MS
N. Nageswara Rao1, Y. T. Rajesh Babu2*, S.B. Padal3
This study investigates the antibacterial properties and chemical composition of Terminaliabellirica fruit extracts using various solvents and GC-MS analysis. The antibacterial activity was assessed against multiple bacterial strains, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, utilizing methanol, acetone, and aqueous extracts. The methanol extract exhibited the highest antibacterial effectiveness, followed by acetone and aqueous extracts, as evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. The GC-MS analysis of the methanol extract identified 16 distinct compounds, with notable bioactive components including sucrose, 1,2,3-benzenetriol, and 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. These compounds, classified into categories such as terpenes, fatty acids, phenols, and steroids, are associated with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic properties. The results demonstrate that T. belliricapossesses a diverse array of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications, particularly as natural antibacterial agents against drug-resistant bacteria. This study underscores the medicinal value of T. bellirica, supporting further research into its pharmacological applications.
The Interplay between Financial Attitude and Behavior: A Study on Working Women in Haryana
Kavita Berwal1* and Khujan Singh2
This study explores the interplaybetween financial attitude andthe financialbehavior of working women in Haryana, India. A sample of 313 working women was surveyedusingthe convenience sampling method. The analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 23) and AMOS (version 21).Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out, followed by multiple regression analysis. The findings suggest that a strong financial attitude positively influences the financial behavior of working women. Thisindicates that women with a more positive and proactive financial outlook are more likely to practice sound financial practices such as saving, budgeting,and investing. This study identifies key factors that influence financial behavior and offers practical recommendations for fostering a positive financial attitude among working women. The study underline the significance of financial education and awareness in shaping sound financial decisions, ultimately supporting the financial empowerment of women in developing economies like India.
Empowering Future Fisheries Leaders: A Systematic Review of Scholar Resilience
Beberly T. Calugan2,3, Irene P. Tanyag1,3
This study delves into the multifaceted challenges BFAR Fisheries Scholars face, particularly those from marginalized sectors. The research investigates the interplay between academic, emotional, and social factors that influence the experiences and resilience of these scholars. The findings highlight the significant challenges faced by BFAR Fisheries Scholars, including academic pressure, financial constraints, cultural adaptation, and social isolation. Despite these adversities, many scholars demonstrate remarkable resilience, employing various coping strategies and seeking support from diverse sources. The study underscores the importance of emotional resilience, self-efficacy, a growth mindset, and effective emotional regulation in navigating these challenges.A strong social support network of family, friends, mentors, and peers gives an individual a better opportunity to reduce stress and increase resilience. The present study focuses on developing interventions and support systems that address the BFAR Fisheries Scholars' needs. These interventions should prioritize mental health support, academic advising, and a supportive learning environment. It is imperative to implement a comprehensive strategy that addresses immediate and long-term needs to sustain the positive impact of this research. In the short term, policymakers and institutions should focus on providing targeted support services, such as mental health counseling, academic advising, and peer mentorship.Additionally, increasing financial aid and scholarships can alleviate financial burdens and provide opportunities for marginalized students. In the long term, fostering a culture of well-being within the fisheries education system is essential, which involves incorporating mindfulness and stress management techniques into curricula, promoting a growth mindset, and encouraging open communication about mental health.
Assessment of Emerging Air Pollution Control Technologies in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration: A Comparative Analysis
Kirti; Prof. Mehtab Singh
The water content of the residues that are left behind after the incineration of municipal solid waste is analysed and compared to the air pollution control residues. This study evaluates L/S ratios ranging from 0.25 to 10 based on varied exposures to the air in the surrounding environment. Ettringite, CaSO4, and (Na,K)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 were those that were produced as a result of the initial sample being combined with water. Ettringite was converted into gypsum, calcite, and maybe gibbsite by the utilisation of carbon dioxide. During the course of the trials, it was discovered that Cr rose, whereas Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Cu declined. The precipitation of calcite by Ca2+ ions at a ratio of L/S equal to ten resulted in a decrease in the amount of heavy metals and an increase in the amount of suspended Cr. An L/S ratio of 10 was shown to have the greatest impact on CO2 diffusion and dissolution in the bulk solution, according to mass transfer measurements. This was in contrast to the fact that metal dissolution from ash particles was most prominent at a concentration setting of 0.25. The natural ageing response time is affected by the water content of APC residues. This is because the water content has an influence on the distribution of ions, the flow of carbonate ions, and the flux of heavy metals. Based on this comparison, the quantity of water that is present in the residue that is left over after the incineration of municipal solid waste is what affects how long it takes for the residue to age. This study evaluates L/S ratios ranging from 0.25 to 10 based on varied exposures to the air in the surrounding environment. Ettringite, calcium hydroxide, and sodium-potassium aluminium hydroxide have the potential to generate gypsum, calcite, and maybe gibbsite when they are mixed with carbon dioxide. When there is a drop in heavy metals, Chr rises. Calcite crystals from Ca2+ ions at L/S = 10 delay heavy metal drop and Cr rise. Water concentration affects ion flux competition and reaction time..
Evaluating the Impact of Green Finance on Senegal's Economic Development
Friday Barnabas Balogun
As the global economy transitions towards a low-carbon, sustainable, and resilient future, green finance has emerged as a significant tool for fostering sustainable economic growth while addressing environmental challenges.This study evaluates the impact of green finance on Senegal’s economic development from 2001 – 2022. Descriptive statistics, boxplots, cointegration tests, and NARDL analysis, were utilized to explore the interplay between the variables with the aid of EViews software. The results reveal the growth patterns of GDP, EGLC, POP, INFL, CE, FDI, and CC and their significance in driving economic progress in Senegal. The study concludes with actionable insights and recommendations for Senegal policymakers to address green finance, climate change, demographic, investments, institutional quality, and other economic issues.
Upper Limb Sensory Alterations in Adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Anuja Choudhary1, Dr.Virendra Singh Rajpurohit2, Manoj Kumar Mathur3, Dr.Maliram Sharma4, Dr. Swati Sharma5, Dr.Ajeet Kumar Saharan6
Background: Sensory abnormalities are connected with Diabetes associate dneuropathy & the evaluation of sensation is usually carried out on foot to avoid ulcers. Even while sensory changes in the upper limb are possible, they are not usually documented. Aim: To determine the two-point discrimination (2PD) values & further sensory alterations in the upper limb of patients with type II diabetes. Methodology: Thirty volunteers (aged 45–60) with type 2 diabetes who had the condition for more than five years were selected using a non-random sampling technique. Thirty individuals, matched for age and gender, who were not on a diabetes diagnosis made up the control group. Statistical analysis:2 sample T Test reveals that there is a significant difference between Non diabetics and Diabetic. p values less than.05 were considered significant. Result: Among 60 participants there are almost equal number of males and females in two groups. The comparison between the two groups revealed that the diabetic group demonstrated significantly higher values compared to the non-diabetic group. Conclusions: The diabetes patients changed sensations during the whole testing process suggested that underlying neuropathy alterations might be present. The two-point discrimination test can be used to detect upper limb neuropathy in people with type II diabetes; nerve conduction velocity testing can then be used to confirm the diagnosis further. It is important to perform a sensory evaluation in the upper limb to rule out neuropathy, particularly in individuals who have had diabetes for longer than five years.
Evaluation of Clinical Results and Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty in Valgus Knee: A Comparative Clinical Study
1Gopinath G., 2Dr. T. Sundararajan
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has become a standard operative procedure to relieve pain and restore function in patients with arthritis. The correction of valgus deformity has posed technical challenges and has produced variable clinical results in the correction of the deformity, instability, and overall results. The valgus knee either presents as a fixed valgus deformity with a decreased range of movement or often as a mobile but highly unstable valgus knee with subluxation. Both of these present a significant challenge to the arthroplasty surgeon, Aim and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of primary knee replacement for valgus knees, to analyze the technical challenges posed by valgus knees, and to identify an ideal implant for valgus TKA with a better outcome.. Material and Methods: Twenty-four patients aged between 45-80 years old, with valgus knees who underwent primary total knee replacements were included in the study. All the patients were evaluated preoperatively for joint line tenderness, range of movement of the joint, Instability (lateral and anteroposterior), and fixed deformity. The Clinical and Functional Knee Society score chart was assessed. The Width and extent of any radiolucency at the cement bone interface, Femorotibial alignment and alignment of prosthetic components, Condition and integrity of underlying bone, and migration or shifts in prosthetic components were assessed post-operatively. Results: In the cruciate substituting group, the overall mean increase in the arc of active motion was 290. The mean Knee Society score increased from 35 points (range of 13 to 58 points) before arthroplasty to 90 points (range, of 63 to 100) after TKA. In the cruciate retaining group, the mean arc of motion improved from 820 (790 to 860) to 950 (range 900 to 980). The overall mean increase in the arc of active motion was 130. The mean Knee Society increased from 35 points (range 30 to 40) before arthroplasty to 84 points (range 71 to 93 points). Among 14 patients with cruciate substituting implant, 11 patients had excellent results and 3 had good results, while out of 8 patients with cruciate retaining implant, 5 patients had excellent, one patient had a good result, one had fair and one with poor result. Among two patients with HPPS one with excellent results and one with good results. Conclusion: Cruciate substituting may be an ideal prosthesis for valgus deformity, but it should associate with suitable patient selection with well performed ligamentous balance and soft tissue releases.
Enhancing Critical Thinking through Handcraft Instructions in Mother Tongue among Primary School Pupils in Okigwe Education Zone of Imo State
Bethel N. Uzoma1; Mary Rose I. Eze2; Chidiebere K. Duru3; Catherine Okpara2; Chibuikem Ohanaka3 & Chukwuma-Nwankwo Francisca I.1
The study was undertaken to find out the possibility of enhancing critical thinking through handcraft instructions in mother tongue among primary school pupils in Okigwe education zone of Imo state, Nigeria. The study adopteda quasi-experimental research design with a sample of sixty primary five pupils separated into two equal intact classes withinAhara Metropolis. Pupil’s arts and craft module for primary 4-6 was used in the instructions for both the experimental group (taught using Igbo) and the control group (taught using English language). Two separate instruments tagged ‘Teacher Made Assessment Test’ (TMAT) and ‘Researcher Made Assessment Test’ (RMAT); each with a reliability of 0.74, were used for the pre-test and post-test data collectionrespectively. The pre-test was administered before the instruction, while the post-test was administered immediately after the instruction period. The duration of instruction lasted for seven weeks. Findings of the study showed that pupils in the experimental groupdeveloped higher critical thinking abilities and acquired better processing skills using local raw materials than participants in the control group. This was reflected in a post-test mean score which increased by 15.64 against the pre-test score in the experimental group; while the mean score dropped by 0.81 against the pre-test score in the control group. The study concludes that the use of mother tongue in instructional delivery spurred up higher level of critical thinking and better understanding in the experimental group than English Language used for participants in the control group. Based on these findings, the study recommends that mother tongue should be used as a medium of instruction in art/craft based subjects in primary schools.
The Effect of Dental Loupes on Quality of Restoration During Restorative Procedure among Age 6-12 Year Old Children - A Randomized Clinical Trial
Pavithra Suresh, Arumathi M, Karthika Shankar, Ahsana Asif, Jayaprakash Reddy, Dhivya S.
Background: Dental caries is a prevalent multifactorial disease affecting individuals globally. The accurate diagnosis and treatment of occlusal caries, particularly in pediatric patients, is crucial for effective restorative procedures. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of dental loupes on the quality of restorative procedures and caries excavation in pediatric patients. Methods: A parallel design randomized clinical trial was conducted with approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee and registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India. Participants included children aged 6 to 12 years with occlusal caries in primary and permanent first molars, recruited from the outpatient clinic of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. The sample size was calculated to be 36 per group, total 72 participants. Randomization was performed using a coin toss method, assigning participants to either Group A (treatment with dental loupes) or Group B (treatment without dental loupes). Caries excavation was performed under rubber dam isolation, and restorations were completed using Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). The quality of restorations was evaluated using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria immediately post-operation and at 1 and 3 months follow-up.Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: Of the 72 participants, 4 experienced pain within 1 month and were excluded from the study. The remaining 65 participants were evaluated for restoration quality. Marginal integration showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.05). Conclusion: The study aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of dental loupes in enhancing the quality of restorative procedures in pediatric dentistry. Further analysis of the data will contribute to understanding the benefits of magnification in clinical practice.
Knowledge Regarding Bioethics among Medical Students of 2019 Batch and 2018 Batch in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kochi, Central Kerala, India : A Cross Sectional Study
Rose Mary Jacob Vatakencherry1*, Saraswathy L2, Susan John3, Princy Louis Palatty4
Backgroud: From time to time, there are ethical concerns in the participation of humans in medical research. Unethical behaviour of medical students, doctors and nurses with patients as well as colleagues have been reported in the past [1]. This may be partly due to a lack of practical ethical guidance during the MBBS Curriculum. Recently in India, as the medical profession has been brought under “Consumer Protection Act” [2], there have been increasing complaints of poor ethical conduct against doctors. Future doctorsand medical students must be provided with excellent scientific knowledge and they must understand how human values are embedded in clinical decision making. New MBBS curriculum was introduced by National Medical Commission of India (NMC) from 2019 batch onwards which included a training in Bioethics.Till 2018 batch ,bioethics was not included in the MBBS curriculum in India.Since MBBS course of 2019 batchis going to be over, our study would enable us to know the prevailing knowledge regarding Bioethics after new MBBS Curriculum and compare the knowledge regarding Bioethics with 2018 batch MBBS students.This will help us to plan appropriate measures for improving our teaching methods regarding the same in future. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among the MBBS students of the 2018 and 2019 batch of Amrita School of Medicine, AIMS, Kochi,Kerala,India over a period of 2 months. All participants gave their written informed consent to participate in the study, that was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.The study tool was a pretested self administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics 20. Result: Mean bioethics knowledge score for 2018 batch was 117.11+/- 6.136 and for 2019 batch was 121.86+/-8.230. Score was higher for the 2019 batch with p value 0.002, which is statistically significant. Conclusion: The students of the 2019 batch showed a greater knowledge of bioethics than the 2018 batch. This can be because of the introduction of a new curriculum emphasizing the study of bioethics and soft skills introduced in the medical education system from the 2019 batch onwards.
Effect of Educational Intervention on Perception of Mothers and Secondary School Girls on Human Papilloma-virus Vaccine in Ondo State, Nigeria
Mayaki-Adeolu Felicia Foyeke1; Ogidan Oluwakemi Christie2; Ogboye Gbemisola Bolanle3
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is a global challenge with Nigeria accounting for a noteworthy cases and deaths from CC. The most significant risk factor for CC is high-risk (types 16 & 18) Human Papillomavirus (HPV).This study analyzed the effect of educational intervention on HPV vaccine perception and intention uptake among secondary school girls and their motherswith the aim of bridging the gap in knowledge and uptake of HPV vaccine. Methods: The study adopted quasi-experimental design using multi-stage sampling method to select (85) secondary school’ girls with their mothers or female caregivers (85) from randomly selected public and private secondary schools. The study involved four stages of data collection process which are (i) Obtaining Parental consent (ii) Pretest data collection, (iii) Educational intervention (i.e. health education), (iv)Posttest data collection. Data analysis used SPSS version 25, statistical significance level in the comparisons was set at a p-value (0.05). Results: There was a significantly improved HPV vaccine perception and uptake intention among the respondents at post- intervention level when compared with the pre-intervention level with p-value (0.000). Furthermore, results indicated that educational intervention improved mothers' and adolescents' perception on Human Papilloma-virus vaccine and increased the HP uptake desire. The study shows that the level of girls’ and mothers’ knowledge on HPV vaccine in prevention of CC pre-training was low (48.2%) (58.8%) while post-training was high (92.6%) (72.9%) respectively.Conclusion: Educational intervention enhances secondary school girls’ and mothers’ perception on HPV vaccination and increased the uptake intention desire.
Perceived Justice of Service Recovery and Post-Recovery Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Emotion
Odiwo Williams Omokhudu, (PhD)1,Ogunode Philips Olatunde, (PhD)2 , Erigbe, Patience Ajirioghene (PhD)3, Achekuogene, Saliu Nihad (PhD)4, Kasimu Eshemogie (PhD)5
This study investigates the notion of perceived justice in service recovery and the resulting pleasure, emphasising the mediation role of emotional responses. The study adhered to the tenets of justice theory. This investigation concentrates on airline consumers situated in the Southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. We performed the data analysis via structural equation modelling (SEM) via SPSS version 22.00. The findings reveal that all independent variables, particularly distributive and interactional justices, significantly influence post-recovery satisfaction, whereas procedural justice does not have a similar effect. Moreover, happy emotions significantly influence post-recovery, while negative emotions do not. Consequently, it is prudent for airline managers and operators within the research region to engage in comprehensive operational planning. Effective planning is essential for informed decision-making, enabling the implementation of appropriate strategies and policies at optimal times to address service failures and improve service delivery. The research essentially concludes that the perceived equity of service recovery substantially influences post-recovery happiness in southwestern Nigeria.
Financial Institutions Cyber Security Incidents and Economic Growth of Nigeria
Kemdi Lugard Okoroiwu, Chinwe R. Okoyeuzu, Wilfred Isioma Ukpere
This study investigated the impact of cybersecurity incidents on Nigeria’s economic growth, focusing on the banking sector from 2002 to 2022.The study examined the impact of automated teller machine fraud (ATMF) and web-based fraud (WBF) on Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), addressing key research questions about how these types of fraud influence the GDP. Utilizing an ex-post facto research design and time series data analysis, the research study analyzed data sourced from the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The descriptive statistics revealed positive and high values for both measures of cybersecurity incidents and economic growth, indicating the critical nature of cybersecurity issues for Nigerian banks. The findings show that ATM fraud and web-based fraud experience significant levels of variation, suggesting notable volatility; however, there is no statistically significant effect of these fraud types on Real GDP. This implies that, despite their volatility, ATMF and WBF do not significantly influence broader economic measures owing to the mitigating mechanisms present in the Nigerian economy. The study underscores the resilience of the Nigerian economy against certain cybersecurity threats, while emphasizing the necessity for targeted measures against specific fraud types that pose significant risks to economic stability. To address these concerns, the study recommends enhancing security measures for fraudulent transfers, developing comprehensive cybersecurity training programs, implementing robust regulatory frameworks, investing in advanced cybersecurity technologies, and promoting collaboration within the industry.
Transforming the Basic Science Pedagogy: The Experiential Learning Approach paradigm
Funmilayo Elizabeth Olu-Ajayi
There are high expectations from science classrooms to meet with the technological demands of the modern society. This birth the need for a shift from the traditional chalk-board and paper processes to hands-on, practical and real-life teaching approaches in order to develop the students’ competencies needed for their success in the recent world. Pedagogy evolves with innovation in science. Beginning with basic classes, learners requires learning experiences that are authentically set in real-life environments, built to intentionally imitate how the world operates outside the classroom boundaries. The experiential learning (EL) is believed to be among the methods that meets this criterion. The current review makes an effort to explain the need for a shift from conventional science teaching method to an Experiential learning (EL) method. It discusses Experiential learning (EL)with regards to; real-life learning environment, students’ engagement, learning by doing, mental and skill development, retention and students’ motivation while inspecting the backgrounds and values of EL. Subsequently, the efficacy of findings for transforming Basic science pedagogy is discussed.
Factors Militating Against Effective Maternal Health Services Utilization at Primary Health Care Level in Benue State, North Central Nigeria
Sunday Adakole Ogli1, Magaret Ada Onuh2
Background: The objective of maternal Health services (MHS) provision is the wellbeing of mother and child before, during and after pregnancy periods. Full utilization of MHS components is key to reducing maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Benue state. However, many mothers default in utilizing MHS at health facilities. This study was therefore designed to investigate barriers to full utilization of MHS at the primary health care centers in the three Senatorial zones of Benue state, Nigeria. Methods: Multistage random sampling technique was adopted to select 360 women of childbearing age and 72 health workers from 2 Local government areas from each of the 3 Senatorial zones of Benue state. Pretested and validated Questionnaire titled ‘EMHSPUBS’ was used for data collection after obtaining consent from the Respondents. Their responses were graded on Likert 4 point scale, with Alpha mean score fixed at 2.50. Results: Mean age of respondent mothers was 32 ± 6.76 years. Majority of them were literate (94%) and self-employed, but classified as low-income earners. Identified barriers to MHS utilization in Benue state included mothers traditional beliefs, poor and discouraging health worker attitude and poor infrastructural provision in the 3 Senatorial zones of the state. Conclusion: Barriers to full MHS utilization exist in the 3 Senatorial zones of Benue state. This poses a grave challenge to maternal and infant health, potentially promoting high MMR in the state. This challenge must be addressed urgently by all stakeholders in Benue state for the wellbeing of the mother and her child.
Igbo Apprenticeship System "Igba-Boi" and Growth of Venture Capitalist in Southeast Nigeria
Eneh N. C. J. (Ph.D)1, Isijola D. O2, Onodugo V. A. (Prof).3, Ufondu A. O. (Ph.D)4
The study investigatestheinfluence of the Igbo apprenticeship system (Igba-boi) on venture capitalism by studying the masters and apprentices in the major markets in Southeast Nigeria. The study's specific objectiveswere to (i) ascertain the relationship between the settlement of 'nwa-boi' and the provision of startup business financing and(ii) assess the relationship between 'imu-ahia'and exposure to learning trade secrets by apprentices.The survey research design was adopted for the study. Data were collected from the respondents using a questionnaire. The study population included all the Igbo masters and apprentices who do business in the markets in the Southeastern Region of Nigeria. All the markets in Southeast Nigeria were considered, and seven were chosen by judgmental sampling. A sample size 384 was determined using the Cochran statistical formula, and 388 questionnaire were distributed to the seven major markets. The study found that the settlement of 'nwa-boi' had a significant positive relationship with startup business financing,while 'Imu-Ahia' had a significant relationship with learning trade secrets. The study further recommends that the Igbo apprenticeship model should be used by intending business entrants to learn and understand the rudiments of business before they start up there. Also, Igbo apprenticeships should be included in higher institutions' business education students' curriculum.
Impact of Financial Development and Demographic Change on Carbon Emission in Nigeria
Omede Samson Opaluwa
This study explores financial development and demographic changes and its impact on carbon emissions in Nigeria. The study adopted the use of time series data and employed the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test and the Johnsen co-integration test to determine the data's stationarity and long-run co-integration relationship. The study further utilized a vector error correction model (VECM) to analyze and evaluate the short-run and long-run relationships between the model's variables. The result shows that financial development indicators, logcpi, logfdi and loggdp, all exhibits negative relationship with carbon emissions at 5% significance (P-value< 005) and demographic factors, logpd and logpgr, show a positive impact on carbon emissions in the long run at P<0.05. All short-run estimates of the model are statistically non-significant at 5% (p-value > 0.05). The study concludes that financial development has a negative impact on carbon emissions, while demographic changes increase carbon emissions in the long run. The study recommends that the promotion of programs that mitigate carbon emission should be encouraged by financial institutions in Nigeria and as increased population growth rate and population density have a mitigating effect on the quality of the environment in the long run, there should be increased advocacy and environmental awareness to engage all stakeholders in efforts to address climate change and reduce carbon emissions.
Nutritional Evaluation of Two Popular Indigenous Complementary Foods Commonly Used in Southern Nigeria
*Okonkwo C.O1, Okonkwo, S. N1,2, Onyenweaku EO3,4, Archibong A.E1; Ebai, P6 & Chukwu OC5
Poor weaning practices in addition to inadequate nutritional content of weaning foods, have resulted in increased malnutrition and illness among infants in Nigeria. Also, the quality of nutrition received in infancy, is a major player in an individual's general growth, development and well-being. This study investigated the adequacy of two local weaning food formulations commonly used in southern Nigeria. The compositional composition, vitamin composition and mineral composition were determined. The result obtained from the study showed that blend 1 (F-Pap) contained higher amounts of vitamins B12, B3, E and B2 relative to blend 2. However, blend 2 (tom-brown contained significantly higher amounts of all minerals analyzed compared to blend 1(F-Pap). Blend 2(tom-brown) also contained significantly higher amounts of moisture, lipid and protein than blend 1(F-Pap), while blend 1(F-Pap) contained significantly higher amounts of carbohydrate, ash and fiber than blend 2 (tom-brown).Blend 2(tom-brown) also contained significantly higher concentrations of vitamins B1, A, B6 and C compared to blend 1 (F-Pap). This study indicates that locally made weaning food from cereal- grains and crayfish may be rich in nutrients enough to meet the nutritional needs of infants.
The Grief Process and Related Issues: A Case Study of a Family in Botswana
Dr Tshidi M Wyllie.(Ph.D.)1 Prof. (Dr.) Muraina Kamilu Olanrewaju2
Background: There is extensive literature on grief, bereavement and its impact on individuals’ mental health. Literature shows that grief is an individualised response to the loss of loved ones. This article is based on a case study of a family in Botswana during the COVID-19period. The global impact of COVID-19 was felt everywhere and some countries and families were affected more than others. Objective: This case study aimed to examine the grief process experiences, determine the physiological responses of those grieving and examine the myths surrounding the grief process. Method:The casestudy method engaged 4 members of 1 familywho lost their significant others, they were interviewed a year after the deaths.Data was collected qualitatively through interviews and was thematically analysed. Part of this study'sfindings were presented in a Radio Talk show to sensitise the public on the grieving process and effective coping strategies. Results:The findings revealed that individuals grieved differently.In this case study, the family lost 4members to COVID-19.Even though some family membersappeared to be coping,othersexpressed an inability to cope with the grief process due topersonal differences, perceptions of death and cultural influences.The study established4 common themes among grieving individuals encompassing the emotional, cognitive and physical responses. Financial, cultural and religious issues also impacted the respondents’ grief process and exacerbated the inability tocope and common griefmyths were identified. Conclusion:Grief is experienced differently and elicits different cognitive, physical, emotional and behavioural responses. There is a need for empirical information to add to existing knowledge on the grief process to give insight into ways of processing grief-related mental health issues. This study is an impetus for knowledge-creation and development ofgrief counselling in Botswana.
The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria
Dr. Sola, Oluwagbenle; Dr. B.O. Muse; Dr. O.S. Afolabi
This study examines the impact of globalization on economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2021. Variables used to capture globalization are the foreign direct investment, trade openness and financial openness that have direct bearing on the study were incorporated into the model, given their nexus with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which captures economic growth. Considering the nature of the objectives of this study, co-integration analysis was employed to verify the existence of long run relationship between globalization and economic growth. The empirical result of the study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between globalization and economic growth in Nigeria. From the empirical results of the study, globalization has a long run relationship with economic growth in Nigeria. The policy implication of the findings of the study is that government should improve on its Foreign Direct Investment policies that would promote economic growth in Nigeria. In addition, policies that encourage trade openness and financial openness should be formulated to enhance the competitiveness of her basic industries in order to support local manufacturing that might invariably lead to sustainable economic growth in Nigeria.
Desalination of Water: Current Status and Future Perspective
Dr. Chandan Adhikari*a, Souhridya Bhattacharjeec, Dr. Prabir Kumar Dasb
As a key technology to solve the global water shortage, seawater and brackish water desalination has attracted more attention. This review will deeply investigate the current status of desalination technologies including advances, challenges and future prospects. The review introduces the traditional methods like Multi-stage Flash Distillation (MSF), Multi-effect distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis(RO), presenting their operational principles, efficiency as well as environmental effects. It then discusses new technologies such as forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD) and capacitive deionization (CDI), focusing on their ability to improve desalination sustainability through additional efficiencies. This adds a perspective to critically evaluate the economic features, energy costs and environment of these technologies should help understand whether they have potential as well as scalability for transportation. The paper also reviews state of the art materials and membrane technologies that have been engineered with a goal to enhance desalination benefits, mitigate fouling issues as well as save energy. Moreover, it talks about the impact of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power in promoting sustainable desalination approaches. The future outlook towards desalination is the combined discharge of other water treatment technologies, progress in nanotechnology and the concept which centralized membrane distillation can be installed by remote arid zones. The review underscores the necessity of policy support, public-private partnerships and international co-operation to drive the desalination research and development forward. Until today a lot of progress has been achieved in desalination technology, however continuous research and innovation is needed to resolve the current bottleneck issues for supplying clean water at affordable access everywhere on Earth. This review is expected to be an important reference for the desalination researchers, policy makers and industry community that will help in better understanding of where we stand today with incorporation our views on future Desalination.
Organizational Learning and Performance in Public Sector: A literature Review
Bonson Alemu Hambissa, Worku Mekonnen Tadesse
Organizational learning is a research area concerned about how organizations learn and how this can contribute to improving performance.It is an important part of organizational development efforts. The current paper presents literature review on how public sector organizations benefit from organizational learning efforts that could happen at individual, group, and organizational level. According to many authors, learning happens at individual, team, and organizational level. It usually takes place in an informal work setting than the formal classroom-based education. The study of organizational learning in the public sector, despite the scanty literature in the area, is important to identify required organizational learning interventions to bring the required improvement in performance. In many countries, public organizations play a crucial role in development, especially where most of the public services are provided by government owned organizations. Accordingly, this paper tried to present a literature review on the effect of learning (individual, group, and organizational) on employee performance. The findings from the relevant literature reveal that organizations that embrace learning are more adaptable, better equipped to make informed decisions, and more capable of improving governance and service outcomes. By promoting organizational learning, public sector organizations can better meet the changing and evolving expectations of the public, improve their performance and achieve overall long-term success.
The Bane of ICT Adoption and Performance of Local Government Councils in Enugu State: An Empirical Investigation
Lovlyn E.Kelvin-Iloafu1, Longinus Odoh2, Maureen C. Arukwe1 & Wilfred Isioma Ukpere3
Local government officials, at the lowest level of government, are closest to the public; hence, their actions affect the public's overall well-beingdirectly. Information and communication technology (ICT) adoption has proven to be a powerful instrument used to improve organizational performance globally. ICT adoption in Nigerian local government authorities appears to be low, based on empirical evidence, which is why this study aims to explore the settings, conditions, and factors that contribute to low ICT adoption in Enugu State's 17 local government authorities.This study employed a survey research design and the snowball sampling approach to gather data from 94 local government employees throughout the state, using questionnaires. A thematic analysis was used to triangulate the data after structural equation modelling with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Amos version 24 was used for data analysis.The results indicate that the primary cause of low ICT adoption in Enugu State’s local government authorities is ICT policy, with a lack of political will appearing as a predictor of ICT policy across local governments. Therefore, the study suggests, among other things, that local government administrators should instill political will to formulate policies that will increase the adoption and deployment of ICT in local government administration.
FOREST FIRE SUPPRESSION IN BENGUET: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Beberly T. Calugan
Forest fires being one of the majorthreats to the environment, property, and human life in Benguet, Philippines. This systematic reviewis aimed at identifying various challenges and proposes evidence-based strategies for effective forest fire management. The study recommends a multifaceted approach to address these challenges. Implementing incentive programs like theNo Fire Bonus Planand establishing a community fire brigadeswith regular training on forest fire management can further intensify community involvement in forest protection. Investing in the advanced technologies likesatellite imagery and drones to improveearly detection and immediate responses to forest fires. Developing acomprehensive fire management plan, including the implementation of an ICS to ensure coordinated and efficient responseto forest fire.Conducting research on fire behavior, fuel dynamics, and the impacts of climate change to inform effective fire managementstrategies. Moreover, ensuring well-trained and well-equipped firefighting teams to effectively respond to fire incidents. Strengtheningthe existing forest protection laws and regulations with strict penalties, and regular allocationof sufficient resources for the prevention and suppression of forest fire are all strong deterrents against illegal activities for the effectiveness of forest firemanagement. Benguet can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of forest fires through the implementation of those measures to safeguard its valuable ecosystems and communities.
Role of Efficient Grievance Resolution on Employee Morale and Performance in Tertiary Institutions in Southeast Nigeria
1 Paul Chinedu Agu,2Prof. Vincent A. Onodugo, 3Raphael Obuseh, (PhD), 4Chukwuemeka O. Onyeagwara, (PhD), 5Chosen Chinwe Ukonu, & 6Nkem Christabel Dokai-Okonkwo
This study explored the role of efficient grievance resolution in enhancing employee morale and performance in tertiary educational institutions in Southeast Nigeria. The study aimed to: (1) determine the impact of speedy attention to grievance resolution on the emotional attachment of academic staff to their institutions, (2) assess how timely grievance resolution influenced academic staff’s commitment to institutional goals and values, and (3) examine the effect of swift grievance handling on the sense of indebtedness among academic staff. A survey research design was employed, with data collected from 318 academic staff across selected institutions. Descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between efficient grievance resolution and emotional attachment (Pearson correlation: 0.938), commitment to institutional goals, and feelings of indebtedness. These results underscored the importance of effective grievance management in fostering employee morale and enhancing organizational commitment. Institutions that addressed grievances promptly experienced higher levels of staff satisfaction, increased alignment with institutional objectives, and a stronger sense of loyalty. Recommendations included the establishment of efficient grievance-handling mechanisms, transparent communication, regular feedback loops, and investment in conflict resolution training. The study concluded that effective and timely grievance management plays a critical role in creating a motivated and dedicated workforce, thus contributing to institutional success and stability.
Link Between Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in People of Central Kerala - A Cross Sectional Study
Dr Rose Mary Jacob Vatakencherry1, Dr Saraswathy L2*, Dr Susan John3
Introduction - Apart from its role in calcium metabolism and bone health,vitamin D has many effects.Due to low sunlight exposure ,there is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in India. Identification of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in almost all human cells, suggests a role in extra-skeletal diseases like type 2 DM,hypertension. Studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for glycaemic control. Aim – To evaluate association between vitamin D and glycaemic control in people coming for health check up to a tertiary care centre in South India. Materials and Methods - Study was carried out as a cross sectional study in a tertiary care centre in South India for a period of 6 months. Participants (520) were both males and females (337 males and 183 females),between the age group of 20-60 years attending health check up clinic of our hospital.Statistical analysis-Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics 20.0.Results - Severe vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in people with Diabetes Mellitus(DM) than in people without DM(p value- <0.05).Conclusion – Vitamin D deficiency and its complications were uncommon in India till recently, since India is a tropical country with adequate sun exposure. But vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in people with DM, emphasizing the need of early vitamin D supplementation. Therefore, to reduce skeletal and extra skeletal complications, vitamin D deficiency should be identified at the earliest and appropriate action to be taken in our population,having high prevalence.
Integrating the Three-Dimensional Leadership Model into Business Modeling, Strategic Planning and Strategic Management
Siboniso Muzembe; Andrey A. Kolyada
This study aimed to investigate its application and impact at Microsoft, a leading technology corporation. Using a mixed-methods approach, the case study examined how the 3DLM interacts with business modeling and strategic management. The 3DLM has three dimensions: Personal, Relational, and Organizational. The Personal Dimension focuses on self-awareness and emotional intelligence, the Relational Dimension emphasizes building trust and communication, and the Organizational Dimension involves strategic alignment and adaptive strategies. Business modeling conceptualizes the organization's business, including its products, clientele, processes, systems, and market niche. Strategic planning develops a roadmap for sustainable competitive advantage through goal setting and actions planning. Strategic management is responsible for strategy implementation. The research found that integrating the 3DLM and business model can enhance leadership development, improve strategic decision-making, and foster a more holistic approach to business modeling. This contributes to a better understanding of leadership's role in business modeling, strategic planning and strategic management.
Adaptive Leadership, Business Modeling, and Strategic Resilience: Navigating Organizational Challenges in a VUCA World
Siboniso Muzembe; Andrey A. Kolyada
In the rapidly evolving business environment characterized by VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) conditions, organizations face significant challenges that demand adaptive leadership, innovative business models, and strategic resilience. This research explores how these concepts can be effectively implemented to enhance organizational preparedness, responsiveness, and innovation. Furthermore, the research examines how business models can be designed to be more agile, adaptable, and responsive to changing market conditions, and how leaders can leverage business model innovation to drive growth and competitiveness. Through real-world case studies of Netflix's successful business model transformation and the failures of Blockbuster, this research highlights the critical role of adaptive leadership in navigating disruptions and fostering a culture of continuous learning and innovation. The findings underscores the necessity of integrating adaptive leadership, business model innovation, and strategic resilience into organizational practices to mitigate the risks of insufficient preparedness, slow responses to disruptions, and missed growth opportunities.
Treatment, First-Aid and Prevention of Snake Bites in India: A Brief Review
Swapnil Acharjee1, Swastik Swar1 and Tanay Pramanik *1
In 2005 alone, an estimated 45,900 people succumbed to snakebite across India. It highlights the importance of effective snakebite management. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on snakebite management in India. We summarized available treatments, first aid procedures and preventive measures. We also identified research gaps and issues with the current antivenom used in India, as well as harmful first aid practices prevalent in the country. This suggests urgent need to develop a better antivenom for India and spread public awareness about snakebite first aid, treatment and prevention.
A Brief Review on Applications of AI in Herpetology
Swapnil Acharjee1, Shrishjay Acharya2, Suraj Kumar Dube3, Arghyadip Roy4
Herpetology, the study of reptiles and amphibians, may seem to be a trivial field, but in truth, it is of the utmost importance to mankind. Artificial intelligence, when combined with herpetology, can do wonders by performing tasks that are near impossible for humans. However, herpetologists often lack technical knowledge of computer science, and vice versa. This article introduces basic concepts of artificial intelligence and summarizes existing applications of AI tools in herpetology.This allows scientists from both fields to have a preliminary understanding of the existing literature, which, in turn, facilitates developments of better tools in future.
Role of School-Based Counselling Programmes in Promoting National Values and Social Cohesion among Secondary School Students
Florence Omumu1 (Ph. D), Olufunke Chenube1(Ph.D), Aderinola Abidoye2(Ph.D), Olujide Adekeye3(Ph.D) & Oyaziwo Aluede4(Ph.D)
This paper highlights the crucial role of school-based counselling programmes in promoting national values and social cohesion among secondary school students in multicultural societies. It discusses how counselling interventions foster empathy, tolerance, and respect for diversity, and identifies challenges such as cultural barriers and limited resources. To address these challenges, we recommend that schools integrate culturally sensitive counselling approaches into their curricula, tailoring programmes to meet the unique needs of their student populations. By doing so, schools can foster a more inclusive and cohesive learning environment that promotes national values and social responsibility.
Psychometric Validation of the Malayalam Rapid Response Task (RRT) for Assessing Intuitive Decision-Making in Adolescent School Children
Dr Radhika Sourabh1; Dr Anand Kumar2; Dr Aswathy Mohan3
The intuitive mind, primarily associated with the right brain, is an underexplored asset in decision-making and problem-solving. Intuition is defined as making judgments without conscious analysis, yet measuring its effects presents challenges. Recent research has utilized tools like the Rational Experimental Inventory (REI) and the Accumulated Clues Task (ACT) to assess intuition. This study aimed to develop a psychological tool for measuring rapid decision-making responses in the intuitive mind using Malayalam. Inspired by the ACT, we created the Rapid Response Task (RRT) (Sheekhra Prathikarana Dhouthyam /?i?kr?? pr?θ?k?? n?d??θj?? m/), designed to gauge quick responses to intentionally ambiguous questions, supplemented by four clues for interpretation. Each correct response to the primary question earns 10 marks, while the clues utilize a reverse scoring method. Results indicated that students could provide quick and intuitive responses, validating the RRT's effectiveness in measuring intuitive thinking. Reliability analysis confirmed its applicability for pre- and post-assessment phases. The quick responses unveiled significant distinctions between intuitive and logical thinking. Furthermore, the study emphasized that while logical thinking may vary by individual due to various factors, intuitive thinking remains universal, reflecting past experiences stored in the brain's right hemisphere. The RRT's adaptation successfully demonstrated the vital role of intuition in adolescent problem-solving and decision-making, paving the way for further exploration of cognitive development and potential educational and psychological applications.
Evaluation of the Existing Level of Application of Physical Planning Administration and Policy in Awka Capital Territory Anambra State, Nigeria
Alom Anselem Chukwuma1; *Ogbuene Bright Emeka2; Orji Chukwuemeka3& Egbuna Onyinyechi K3
The existing level of application of Physical Planning Administration and Policy in Awka Capital Territory of Anambra State, Nigeria is in disturbing conditions. The planning instruments and those implementing the planning decisions at Awka Capital Territory are seriously way-off the screw. The situation (existing physical planning administration and policy) was juxtaposed across the six local government areas vis-à-vis the ideal conditions (the state physical planning law and regulation). The study looked into the level of application of existing physical planning administrations and policies in the study area. The study used survey design, where stakeholders from different planning institutions were selected for sampling. Quota sampling techniques was used to distribute questionnaires across the six local planning authorities in Awka Capital Territory. Different actors of the environment such as heads of Physical Planning Authorities, Planning Institutions, Environmental Managements, Waste Management, Politicians, Town Union Chairmen and Secretaries etc. were identified for interviews. There was focus group discussions for the selected town union heads and secretaries across the local planning authorities. The collated questionnaires were used to test the hypothesis formulated for this study. The study took in-depth focus on the current state of planning administration and policies across the local planning authorities with maximum interest on repositioning the already lost focus applications. The findings discovered serious shift from the normal as a result misapplication of physical planning administration and policy due to shortage of man power and use of unqualified personnel. This necessitated unsightly and uncoordinated nature of land uses in the area, thus chaos instead of cohesion among land uses across all the jurisdictions of the different local planning authorities. The outcome of this work will guide government in making physical planning decisions. Thus, with effective physical planning administration, policies and practices in Awka Capital Territory: the developers will be properly guided and the physical environment of Awka Capital Territory will be comfort, convenience, conducive, aesthetic and ensure maximum security and overall resilient cities shall be achieved and passed to generations.
Corporate Governance and Firms Value: Empirical Evidence from Listed Troubled Firms in Nigeria
Oyegoke, Adebusola A1; Prof. Francis, O. Iyoha2; Dr. Sylvester, Eriabie3; Dr. Adeyemo, Kingsley A4
This study empirically examined the impact of effective corporate governance on the performance of Nigeria'snon-financial listed troubled firms. Agency theory and Resource dependency theory serve as the framework of a conceptual model. Two corporate governance mechanisms, board size and gender diversity, are examined on performance indicator-TQ using the panel data regression methodology. The empirical test results on selected8troubled firms listed on the Nigeria exchange for 2012-2021indicate that the board characteristics examined have no weighty implication for the firm value (TQ). This study concludes that corporate governance has no significant impact on the performance of troubled listed firms and therefore recommends that the board's composition in terms of size and gender diversity should be based on an appropriate blend of expertise, exposure, competence, and skills requirements.
Utilizing Community Needs Assessment for Baguio Central University's Extension Program Planning
Michael T. Sebullen (CRS, PhD1); Arlene A. Mintas, (MAF2); Sheenah Pearl L. Pangda, (RPm, MAGC3); Engr. Lorelie S. Malit4
This study delves into the assessment of the needs within the adopted community of Baguio Central University at Purok 27, Irisan, Baguio City. The research primarily aims to unveil the demographic characteristics of the respondents and evaluate the community's pressing requirements. Employing a descriptive mixed-method approach, the study incorporates survey questionnaires and interviews with key informants. The findings reveal that a significant portion of the respondents falls within the age range of thirty-five to forty-four, possesses elementary-level education, and holds employment as laborers. Furthermore, a majority of the community members own their residences. Notably, the community expresses a high demand for projects related to livelihood and financial literacy, organizational planning, management, and food safety. Additionally, there is a pronounced necessity for initiatives focusing on Sustainable Livelihood and Financial Literacies, Strategic Planning and Effective Management, Wellness and Environment Stewardship, Education and other Literacies and Civic Awareness. In light of these findings, it is recommended that Baguio Central University and the Barangay Irisan local government unit collaborate to offer projects tailored to the identified community needs. Moreover, the establishment of robust connections with relevant agencies is advised to ensure the successful execution of these initiatives. This research abstract underscores the significance of addressing the community's multifaceted needs and the importance of strategic collaboration and agency partnerships in achieving these objectives.
Cost Implications of Oil Spillage on the Balance of Payments and Poverty Index in Nigeria (2006 - 2023)
Nwaoligbo Chinwendu Victoria1; Robinson Onuora Ugwoke2; Odiwo, Williams Omokhudu3; Chukwu, Amuche Vera4
The study examined the cost implications of oil spillage on the balance of payment and poverty index in Nigeria (2006-2023). The specific objectives are to; determine the cost implications of oil spillage and balance of payment; and to ascertain the cost implications of oil spillage and on the poverty of people between 2006 - 2023. The study employs panel regression design. The study make use of secondary data procedures in determining the cost implications of oil spillage by major oil companies in Nigeria.The population of this study consists of 40 oil and gas companiesoperating in Nigeria from 2006 to 2023. These companies include both multinational corporations and indigenous firms engaged in the exploration, production, refining, and distribution of oil and gas resources.The data was analysed using linear regression with the application of the panel Least Squares (OLS) technique to test the hypotheses. The study shown that cost implications of oil spillage had a significant positive impact on the balance of payments, with a t-statistic of 0.110303 and a p-value of 0.0171, in Nigeria between 2006 and 2023. The cost implications of oil spillage have a significant impact on the poverty index with a t-statistic of -0.004232 and a p-value of 0.0018 in Nigeria from 2006 -2023.The study recommended among others that the Nigerian government should strengthen environmental regulations and strictly enforce penalties for oil spillage. Improved environmental governance will enhance Nigeria’s attractiveness to foreign investors by promoting sustainability and reducing reputational risks associated with environmental degradation.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organization Project in Livelihood Diversification of Small Holder Farmer in Some Selected Districts of Iluababor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Tekalign Assefa
The successful implementation of project depends on various factors. The main objective of this study was to investigate the role of Farm Africa project and factor affecting its implementation process in some selected districts of Ilubabor zone southwest Ethiopia. Combinations of descriptive and explanatory research designs with both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were employed. Two stage sampling procedures with combination of purposive and simple random sampling procedures were used to select 309 sample household heads for the study. Household survey questionnaires, key informant interview, focus group discussion documentary analysis and field observation were used to collect the data. Multiple linear regression model was used to identify determinant factors of Farm Africa (FA) project implementation process. The appropriate software package that is used for data analysis was SPSS Version 23. All of the questionnaires were filled and returned successfully with the response rate of 100%. The finding of the study showed that the focus area of FA project were agriculture, natural resource conservation, livelihood diversification, and micro finance. As revealed by household survey the major contribution of FA project includes help for sustainable natural resource management, empowering women economically, improving quality of coffee, enable farmers to gain access to finance support, and farmers to get their produce to market. Insubstantial level of integration between indigenous and modern soil conservation practices were another finding of the study. The major phase of project at which household beneficiaries’ were involved includes project planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed as communication, training, donor requirement, stakeholder engagements and funds were significantly (p<0.05) affect FA project implementation. The R Square value showed that about 75.3% of the variations in the project implementation process were explained by the explanatory variables considered in the study. Therefore, based on the broad analysis and evaluation made in this study scholars, policy formulators, donors and the NGOs themselves are urged to make further studies on related areas.
Does Organizational Politics Influence Employee Commitment? The Moderating Role of Political Skill
Meseret Ebabu Ejigu (PhD) & Alemu Ademe Bekele
This article examines does organizational politics influence employee commitment? In addition to this, the study investigates the moderating role of political skill in the relationship between organizational politics and employee commitment. The study used cross-sectional research that relied on a survey. This study employs a structural equation model (SEM), and the data consist of 250 employees from 22 different civil service institutions. This study expands the knowledge edge in the area of organizational politics through the discovery that organizational politics affect employee commitment directly and through the moderation effect of political skill on the relationship between organizational politics and employee commitment that has a positive and significant effect. Pay and promotion policies and impression management show a positive effect, but going along to get ahead shows a statistically significant negative effect on employee commitment. The findings of this study provide guidance for political leaders on how to configure organizational politics to enhance employee commitment and increase organizational performance. The implications of the findings are explained with theoretical contributions, recommendations, and future research.
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Spouses of Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome
Sivanandhini R*, Sivaraman S, Ronald Roy K
Problem: Violence exposure can aggravate pre-existing mental health illnesses or cause psychopathological conditions; additionally, it can heighten a person's propensity for intimate relationship violence. Male partner alcohol misuse is an independent factor that contributes to poor mental health and a higher likelihood of domestic violence among married women. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence among spouses of patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome and its relation with psychological distress. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the spouses of patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome in a tertiary care medical college at southern Tamil Nadu, India. The study period was between August 2023 and February 2024. Simple random sampling method was employed. Composite Abuse Scale Revised –Short Form, SADQ questionnaire and Kessler Psychological distress scale were used to assess partner violence, severity of alcohol dependence and degree of psychological distress respectively. Findings: A total of 120 study subjects were included. The mean age of the study participants was 36 years and majority were in the age group of 25-34 years (40.8%). The prevalence of intimate partner violence was 55.5%. The proportion of study subjects whose spouses were having severe alcohol dependence was 30.5% and those with severe psychological distress was found to be 18.5%. The intimate partner violence was found to be significantly associated with degree of alcohol dependence and degree of psychological distress Conclusions: In addition to detecting domestic violence, it is essential to screen spouses of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome for mental health issues.
Liquidity Management Effects on Manufacturing Performance During Recession Period in Nigeria
Ejima Sinon Ndubuisi1, Ikpefan Oche Ailemen2,, Itai Monday Muktar3
The research examines the role of liquidity management on the performance of Nigeria's manufacturing sector during the recession from 2014 to 2023. Data was gathered from the audited financial statements of Dangote Sugar, Dicon Salt, Unilever, Nestle, and Cadbury, chosen from Faster Capital's "Top 20 FMCG Companies in Nigeria" list (October 21, 2022). Using an Autoregressive Distributive Lag model, the study analyzed the data after ensuring its stationarity. Liquidity was measured by the current asset ratio and net working capital asset ratio, while return on assets (ROA) represented performance. Findings revealed that past liquidity management strategies significantly influenced profitability more than current strategies. Thus, emphasizing the importance of previous years' liquidity and funding mix for better performance. An increase in the prior year's current ratio reduced profitability, whereas a higher working capital to assets ratio positively impacted performance. The study recommends manufacturing companies adopt a robust risk management strategy, focusing on asset-liability management and balancing earning and non-earning assets for improved performance.
Consumer Cooperatives in Addis Ababa: Practices, Challenges and Policy Implications
Selamawit Weldeslassie * & Selam Teweldebirhan
The study aimed at assessing the practices and challenges of consumer cooperatives in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia. The study employed concurrent mixed research approach and data were gathered from 601 consumer cooperative users using questionnaires andfrom 12 primary coops managers, 3 coop union managers and two cooperative commission officials using key informant interviews, and from cooperative employees through two focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Spearman's rho correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U test). Qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that consumer cooperatives in Addis Ababa are crucial in providing essential commodities at competitive prices, contributing to market stabilization, and offering subsidized commodities like sugar, oil, and flour. However, most cooperative principles are not well respected and the coops’ effectiveness is undermined by poor quality service, limited innovation, and inadequate market responsiveness. Leadership within these cooperatives is perceived as corrupt and lacking competence and ethical standards. Additionally, local government interference compromises the cooperatives' autonomy impacting autonomous decision-making. There is also a lack of effective communication, member engagement/sense of ownership, and comprehensive capacity building, which diminishes trust and consumer satisfaction. Limited cooperation between primary cooperatives and unions as well as other entities restricts opportunities for resource sharing and collective growth. Addressing these challenges through strategic improvements in autonomy, capacity building, marketing strategies, communication, democratic and trustworthyleadership practices are essential for the sustainable growth and enhanced contribution of consumer cooperatives in Addis Ababa.
Financial Literacy Levels of Small and Medium Enterprises in Ethiopia
Lisanework Amare Tegegn, Dr. Gurcharan Singh
This study aims to assess the financial literacy levels of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Southern Ethiopia, focusing on three zones: Gamo, Wolayit, and Gofa. The research seeks to understand the relationship between financial literacy, financial service utilization, and the overall sustainable development of SMEs. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, targeting a population of 6,327 SMEs across the three zones. Using the Yamane formula, a sample size of 376 SMEs was determined. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed financial literacy levels, financial service utilization, and demographic information, including age, education, and gender. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The study revealed significant variations in financial literacy levels among SMEs, with the Gamo zone showing the highest mean score (75.3) and Gofa the lowest (62.4). Differences in financial literacy were also noted across sectors, with manufacturing SMEs exhibiting the highest scores (78.5) and trade and services sectors showing lower levels (65.9 and 64.5, respectively). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) was found between financial literacy and the utilization of financial services. Furthermore, demographic factors such as education level and age were positively associated with financial literacy. The findings highlight the critical need for targeted financial literacy programs tailored to the unique contexts of different zones and sectors. Policymakers and financial institutions should prioritize enhancing financial education, particularly in underperforming areas like Gofa, to improve SMEs' access to financial services and foster sustainable economic development. Additionally, addressing gender disparities through gender-sensitive approaches in financial literacy initiatives is essential for empowering women entrepreneurs.
Performance and Situation-interest of Physics Students Exposed to Collaborative and Reciprocal Peer-Tutoring Strategies
Adebisi, Thomas Ajibade (Ph.D.)1 & Jegede, Olalekanyinka2
The research investigated the performance and situation-interest of Physics students exposed to collaborative and reciprocal peer-tutoring strategies in secondary schools. This was with a view to ascertaining the need to compliment the long aged conventional strategy with students’ interactive strategies that could sustain the goal of learning Physics at the secondary schools. The study adopted quasi-experimental design of non-equivalent pretest posttest control group. The target population for the study comprised 3425 secondary Physics students in senior secondary two in Osun State of Nigeria. The sample of the study consisted of 148 senior secondary school two (SSS II) Physics students in their intact class selected using multi-stage sampling procedures. Physics Performance Test (PPT) and Situation-interest Questionnaires (SiT) used for data collection were scrutinised by experts for their contents validity. The PPT and SiT were found reliable at 0.78 and 0.80 using Kuder-Richardson 21(KR-21) and cronbanch alpha respectively on 35 Physics students outside the study area. Collaborative, reciprocal peer-tutoring and conventional groups were taught with the same contents but each with peculiar strategy that charaterised the group. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance, Post-Hoc analysis and t- test statistics were used for the analyses. The result of findings showed that there were statistical significant differences in the performance and situation-interest in the three groups. Reciprocal peer tutoring group performed better followed by collaborative and the conventional groups in that order, so likewise with the situation-interest. The research concluded that with using reciprocal peer tutoring and collaborative strategies, students’ performance and their situation-interest in the class can be sustained over a period of time which is ultimate desirable end a teacher would be expected in the course of study.
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