Critical assessment of the effects of cost of building materials building projects delivery in Ogun State, Nigeria
Fayomi, F. O. & Onifade, M. K. , Oyebiyi, S. A.
The performance of the construction industry is threatened by the enormous rise in building material prices that has occurred in Nigeria during the previous ten years. The study's goal was to determine how building material costs affected the completion of construction projects in Nigeria. Through a questionnaire survey, the principal contractors, professionals managing building projects’ delivery, builders' merchants, and consultants who are registered with or actively engaged in building procurement and production in the Public service and/by government authorities provided information on the causes of and impacts of the rising cost of building materials. The records of the field survey of builders' merchants were used to compile information on building material pricing. The computations of price indices and rates of inflation for building materials used the average prices. The exchange rate of the Nigerian Naira, the price of fuel and power, and changes in government policies and legislation were the three most rated factors responsible for the rising cost of building materials, while fluctuations in the cost of construction, a decline in output, and the risk of project abandonment were the three most rated implications revealed. The analysis concluded that the consequences might hurt the GDP of the country's economy.
Original article: Contextualized grammar instruction influences on students writing motivation and their paragraph writing performance
Gemechis Denu, Zeleke Teshome & Tekle Ferede
The main objective of the study was to investigate the influences of contextualized grammar instruction (CGI) on students’ writing motivation and their paragraph writing performance. Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design was used in this study. Two groups of students were selected from the total of seven sections of Gute Secondary School Grade 11 students. These groups were selected using simple random sampling technique and they were assigned as treatment and comparison groups. In this study, therefore; a sequential mixed-method research approaches (QUAN qual) in which quantitative data are followed by qualitative data was utilized. Hence, test, questionnaire were employed. In data analysis, the study employed MANOVA, paired sample t-test; independent sample t-test. The multivariate-test analysis results of pre- intervention showed that both treatment and comparison groups were homogeneous. However, after the treatment group was taught for about eight weeks using the intervention manual, both treatment and comparison groups were given a post intervention, to see if any significant difference is seen because of the intervention. Hence, the findings at the post intervention revealed that the treatment group achieved a significant change in their writing motivation and paragraph writing performance as Wilks’ Lamda= 0.99, F (3, 70) =76.00, P=.000, partial eta squared =.76. This shows that the study found contextualized grammar instruction attributes to students writing motivation and their paragraph writing performance. It is inferred that students favored the influence of contextualized grammar instruction in order to improve their writing. Therefore, this is an important input for the ministry of education and English language teachers to place emphasis on contextualized grammar instruction in teaching and learning procedures so that the students manage their paragraph writing skills would be improved.
Students Assessment of Causes and Management of Stress in Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Dr. (Mrs.) P. E. Okoro
This study investigated causes and management of stress among students in Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. Three research questions were raised to guide the study. This study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population of the study which serves as sample comprises 982 final year students of the Faculty of Education and Faculty of the Social Sciences. The instrument for data collection was an 85-item questionnaire which was validated by experts. The instrument was subjected to reliability. The internal consistency of the instrument was established by administering 155 copies of the questionnaire to final year students at Kwara State University, Malete in the Faculty of Education and Social Sciences. The data obtained were analyzed using Cronbach Alpha with the following results coefficients. Research question one 0.93, research question two 0.90 and research question three 0.88. A total of 1024 copies of the questionnaires were administered to final year students during their second semester examination 2019/2020 as 982 copies of the questionnaire were fully completed and returned (86% return rate). Data were analysed using mean and standard deviation. The finding on causes of stress among students are excess workload from the teachers, higher speed demand of the job from teachers, meeting too many deadlines, overcrowding classrooms, excess noise, poor office equipment. The findings on effects of stress are fast breathing, dry mouth, dry throat, lack of appetite, cold, back aches, dizziness, unable to fall asleep, fidgeting, while the findings on management of stress strategies are getting help from others, involvement of students in decision-making, the students may negotiate with teachers. It was recommended that excess workload should not be given to the students by their lecturers to avoid breakdown in their memories and students should sleep well at night atleast ten (10) hours daily.
Effects of forensic auditing, internal control system and whistle blowing on fraud detection and prevention in tertiary institutions in south west, Nigeria
Ogunwole Cecilia Oluwakemi Aina and Olofinlade Samuel Oluwapelumi , Aremu Olusegun Samuel
The study investigates the impact of forensic auditing, internal control system and whistle blowing on fraud prevention and detection in Nigerian tertiary institution. The study utilized survey research design to select 236 respondents from six federal government universities across Southwest, Nigeria, specifically University of Lagos (UNILAG), Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNNAB), University of Ibadan (UI), Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Federal University of Technology (FUTA) and Federal University Oye-Ekiti (FUOYE) using total enumeration sampling technique. The study processed the data got in the field using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software and investigate using multiple regression analysis. Based on the analysis of the study, the results uncovered that forensic auditing (t = 5.495; P 0.00 < 0.05) has positive and significant impact on fraud prevention and detection; internal control (t= 3.712; P = 0.00 < 0.05) has positive and significant impact on fraud prevention and detection; whistle blowing (t= 3.144; P 0.02 < 0.05) has positive and significant impact on fraud prevention and detection in tertiary institution in Nigeria. The study reasoned that forensic auditing, internal control and whistle blowing have positive and significant impact on fraud prevention and detection in tertiary institution in Nigeria.
Determinant of Financial Statement Fraud Likelihood in Nigeria
Dr. Ugbah, Andrew A Dr. (Mrs) Ofor, Nkechi T & Dr. Obiora, Fabian C
The goal of this study is to find outwhether a firms’ asset structure is a likely determinant of financial statement fraud of Nigeria's listed commercial banks. This study takes the banking sector into consideration because the industry is one of the most vulnerable institutions for financial incidents due to many regulations and financial transactions which occur in the sector. For the period between 2010 and 2019, data from annual financial reports of 13 listed commercial banks is analyzed. The data was subjected to binary logistic regression analysis technique, and the results suggest that asset structure in terms of capital expenditure, is a positive significant determinant of financial statement fraud.This outcome implies that increased provision for capital expenditure resulting from free cash flow increases the chances that managers will manipulate financial statement information. Specifically, the study recommends that investment in capital expenditure should be accompanied with onsite valuation recognition and auditing and if need be forensic audit investigation may also apply. The information provided in this study is valuable to auditors, regulators, investors, and other users of financial statements.
Earnings Management Effect on Tax Shelters
Onyinyechukwu Okonewa & Urom, Emmanuel Ogbonnia
Tax sheltering, tax avoidance and tax planning employed interchangeably are major tax income saving strategies available to managers of corporate organizations. This study attempts to provide information on earnings management and its attendant effect on tax sheltering activities in Nigeria. In this study, debt tax is employed as proxy for firms’ tax shelters activities while small positive net income is employed as proxy for earnings management. A sample of 75 non-financial companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) for the period between 2010 and 2019 was employed in this study. Preliminary investigation to include descriptive statistics was conducted, while Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) regression analysis technique was employed to test the effect of earnings management on tax sheltering. The result obtained from the regression analysis show that managers employ small positive net income earnings management technique to shield taxes. The implication can be viewed from the lenses of behavioural finance which suggest that stock market response is quick and positive on tax shelters because investors focus on profitability without detail screening of cash flows. Hence, tax avoider firms are likely to have lower future income and lower future stock returns than other benchmark firms. Succinctly, this study urges investors and tax authorities to set up policies and regulations capable of checkmating tax evading managers as firm managers may go beyond statutory shelter requirements to manage earnings for private gains.
Citizen welfare: the effect of revenue on the Nigeria economy
Akinyede, Oyinlola Morounfoluwa (PhD)
Citizen welfare synonymous with state welfare provides stability and comfort in a country's social-economic index. This study used Nigerian citizens' economic and social factors as its foundation to analyse the impact of tax income on Nigerians. Secondary Data was sourced from relevant sources. Total tax revenue TAX is the independent variable. At the same time, citizen welfare is proxied by consumer prices (CON) and Unemployment (EMP) for economic welfare and health (HEA) and Education (EDU) for social welfare. In addition, there is a substantial correlation between tax income.The result demonstrates a significant correlation between tax revenue and the unemployment rate (0.000) and between tax revenue and government spending on education (0.00). In addition, there is a substantial correlation between tax and government spending on health (GSH) in Nigeria, with a significant rate of 0.012 and a significant association between tax and inflation (CPI).The study suggests the Nigerian government invest more in the economic and social wellbeing of its residents because improved citizen welfare directly affects taxes, which has a direct impact on the development
International response to terrorism in the West African sub-region: a study of the Nigerian state (2000-2022)
Ighoshemu, Benedict Ogheneakpoje , Sanubi, Franklin & Orhero, Abraham
In recent years, terrorism has become one of the most dangerous global challenges to world order, where no country seems completely free from violent acts of bombing, kidnapping, shooting, armed robbery and hostage taking. Terrorism is the act of indiscriminate use of violence as a means to create terror in order to achieve a political, religious or ideological aim. This paper seeks to know the response of the international community and that of the Nigerian government in combating this terrorist menace bedeviling the country. The study adopted the historical method using qualitative analysis of secondary data, and Frustration/Aggression theory of John Dallard, as expanded by Leonard and Yates as a frame work in understanding the dynamics of terrorism. Despite the response, insecurity, terrorism and violent extremism in Nigeria have not been eliminated due to the lack of strong political will to combat terrorism and religious extremism, the inabilities of the government in making good laws to sanction offenders and the endemic poverty in the country, leading to the spread of terrorism and religious extremism. The study, hereby recommends, among others, the need for government to revitalize the economy to create jobs and provide for the citizens the basic necessities of life. The state should shift emphasize on tackling terrorism and insecurity from not only the military and arms approach but rather to a more humanistic and economic security strategies, and the Nigerian government should identify the role of institutions and intelligence gathering for effective security policing.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
Oluwafemi S. Enilolobo, Bello Daniel , Femi S.O. Awoyomi , Timothy A. Aderemi
The study investigates macroeconomic determinants of food security in sub-Saharan Africa. The study made use of secondary data (2001 to 2020) of eighteen (18) sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries sourced from World Development Indicator and FAO. Food security, was measured in terms of availability and stability proxied by Food production Index (2006=100) and Per capita food supply variability (kcal/cap/day) respectively. The independent variables are money supply (MS), general government final consumption expenditure (percentage of GDP), and exchange rate, real GDP while the control variables are carbon dioxide emissions, population growth and agricultural productivity respectively. The data were analysed using Autoregressive distributed lag model and granger causality test. The results showed that there is evidence of causality among the variables of interest. The study based on its findings recommended that African leaders should enhance policies to increase money supply given its positive and significant impact on food stability; they should also reduce general government final consumption expenditures given his negative impact on food security. Policies to encourage population growth should be enacted and policy should be put in place to increase exchange rate (Devaluation of local currency) as it will in turn increase food security.
Implications of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the American hegemony
Abraham E. Orhero & Nneka Precious Abunwa
Realists like Stephen Walt and John Mearsheimer believe that escalating the Ukraine issue will harm US strategic interests since it will drive Russia closer to China's rise. This paper offers a different perspective, arguing that the US must choose to restrict both China and Russia in order to maintain its global dominance, and that the conflict in the Ukraine may help this plan be successful. It takes into account both contemporary geo-economics, which focuses on economic instruments and plays an increasingly important role in redefining the global balance of power, as well as conventional Geo-politics based on military methods. The Ukraine crisis may increase authoritarian and revisionist states' sense of the geopolitical danger and lead to centripetal forces in world politics. Washington's growing influence over its longtime friends throughout the globe might eliminate the biggest obstacle to the US strategic rebalance to Asia and solidify the country's political, economic, and military sway in both Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. The study concluded that the effectiveness of the American dual containment policy partly hinges on how China will respond to the crisis and how the Russian-Ukrainian war would alter Beijing's actions in its vicinity
Work-life balance and organizational commitment in tin can island port terminals, Lagos state
Ugo Chuks Okolie, Professor Akpomuvire Mukoro, Professor Atare Otite
Despite the benefits of work-life balance and the fact that the phenomenon has resulted in a large number of research publications in developed countries, only a few observations have been made regarding its impact on organisational commitment in Nigeria. This is because Nigeria has a reputation for businesses that disregard ethical workplace standards and promote precarious working conditions at the expense of the general public. Against this backdrop, this study examined the causal links between work-life balance and organisational commitment in Tin Can Island Port terminals, Lagos State. A cross-sectional research design and purposive sampling technique were adopted. Questionnaire was employed as the research instrument for this study with 389 respondents deemed usable and the study relied on the work enrichment theory as its theoretical framework. Data collected were analysed using percentages, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, linear and multiple regression analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23. The findings of the study showed that work-life balance influenced employees’ affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment in Tin Can Island Port, Lagos State. The study concluded that inadequate work life balance affects employee’s commitment to his or her organisation including his or her personal life. On the basis of findings of this study and conclusion, the study recommends among others that management of Tin Can Island Port should design and effectively implement flexible work arrangements to enable employees’ manage and reduce the conflicts they face with their personal life.
A study of Green Economic Growth with Financial perspectives: Evidence from High Polluting Asian Economies
Dr. Bhupendra Kumar Dr. Vijayalakshmi P Professor. Rajiv U Kalebar Dr. Anil Kumar
In modern times, the economic development speed of Asian countries is not as fast as the average speed of European and American countries, and the economies of Asian countries have gradually normalized. Purpose: Asian countries need to improve the speed of economic growth and economic benefits, and can only conduct market analysis through government departments and control the structure and model of financial expenditure, but such economic growth is at the expense of polluting the environment. To gather evidence for highly polluting Asian economies, it is necessary to analyze financial expenditure models in Asian countries and the impact of financial expenditure on green economic growth. Methodology: In this paper, the Cobb Douglas model was used to analyze the financial expenditure in Asia in detail, and the impact of the relevant policies of financial expenditure in Asia on the growth of Asia's green economy has been analyzed. Research findings: The environmental pollution index in Asia is generally high, and the financial expenditure on environmental protection can increase the growth rate of the green economy by 18.6%. Science and education expenditure, social security expenditure and employment expenditure can also increase the growth rate of the green economy to a certain extent and effectively reduce environmental pollution. Research implications: Financial expenditure in Asia severely constrains green economic growth, and the development of Asian economies has created highly polluting Asian economies. Practical implications: The structure of financial expenditure in Asia needs to be adjusted to increase the share of the green economy and adhere to sustainable environmental development.
Effect of Scattered-Hevea Trees Agroforestry system on Cassava (Manihotesculenta) in Ebedei Gas Flaring Community, Delta State, Nigeria
Egwunatum, A. E., Kator, P.E., Emilimor, P.N. and Ezike, R.O
Gas flaring presents associated thermal, obnoxious and black flakes issues that interferes with critical physiological pathways in agricultural conurbations for sustained yield. Field experiment was therefore conducted at Ebedei gas flare community to ascertain the effects of Heveabrasillensisagroforestrytype, as anti-thermal and edaphic-reflux system for the morphological adaptation ofcassava cultivation and its enhanced nutrient-use efficiency. Thirty (30) sqm cassava plots were established infarmlands at 90, 120, 150, 180 (Hevea agroforestry) and 210metres (control) respectivelyfrom the flare station. Soil samples collected at 0-15cm depthwere analyzed for bulk density, moisture content, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), oil film thickness while Cassava leaves were analyzed for organic carbon ©, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and yield. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and mean separated with Duncan multiple range test. Results showed significant differences (p>0.05) withCassava yield at 210m (4.13kg/stand) = 180m (4.01kg/stand) > 150m (1.25kg/stand) > 120m (1.10kg/stand) > 90m (0.93kg/stand). Nutrient contents was180m > 210m (organic C, N, Ca and Mg) and least N, P, K, Ca and Mg at 90m from the gas flare station as probable volatilization trend along thermal gradient with low ECEC range of 3.19-4.16cmol/kg between 90-150m. These underpinned the capacity of Heveabrasillensis scattered trees in agroforestry as probable ecological and edaphicshields for theinterception and neutralizationofgas flare particles as well as viable source of moisture at field capacity for better cassava yield.
The analytic thinking on spot price volatility of stocks and their relative cause with future price
Dr P Varadharajan
The five-year data of top five companies with derivative instruments in seven important sectors of the Indian equity market were selected based on their market capitalization. In this research, firstly the relationship between volatility of the different companies is analysed. Secondly, we seen how much of an impact the derivative trading has on the spot market. The statistical techniques used in this paper are correlation, regression, unit root test and standard deviation. After all the analysis were done, we found a strong relationship between derivative instruments and spot price volatility and also some other factors that influence the volatility of the spot market like interest rate, global events and so on.
Loan loss provisions, creative accounting and the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria
1Imeokparia, Lawrence Aizehinomoh 2Egboh Vivian Nkeiruka
The research looked at the effect of creative accounting on the financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Secondary data was gathered between 1999 and 2019 from the NSE Facts Books and World Bank. The dependent variable was financial performance (as assessed by return on assets, or ROA), and the independent variable was creative accounting (as measured by non-performing loans). Techniques for data analysis included trend analysis and regression analysis. According to the conclusions of the data analysis, both non-performing loans and return on assets fluctuate over time. The findings showed that both non-performing loans and returns on assets fluctuate over the study period. It was also established that creative accounting has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria at a 5% level of significance ( . Given the findings, the research came to the conclusion that creative accounting significantly and favourably affects the financial performance of Nigerian deposit money institutions. The report advises that banks' management exercise caution when using creative accounting, not misuse it, and avoid overstating financial success.
Socio-economic and political challenges and implications for the Nigerian economy
Egbon, Peter Chukwuyem and Obi, Callistar Kidochukwu
After six decades of attaining political independence, Nigeria’s greatness has largely remained in its potentials. This paper identifies and examines, descriptively, the socio-economic and political challenges confronting the performance of the Nigerian economy and argues that any economy desirous of growth and development must address frontally the indentified challenges, which may well call for re-jigging of the quality of its political process, institutions and economic reforms. The way forward, therefore, should involve; first, ensuring the existence of sincere and strong political commitment on the part of government to curb corruption; second, genuine commitment on the part of leaders and policy makers in government to diversify and promote non-petroleum sectors so as to widen the internal base of the economy; third, the realization that conflicts do have detrimental effects on the economy and the livelihoods of households, since insecurity hinders business environment and institutes threat to business organizations; fourth, the priorities of all tiers of government should be informed by attempts to confront the identified challenges. Above all, Nigeria requires visionary and transformative leadership at all levels of the society: a leadership with the attribute of readiness to sacrifice personal comfort for collective good.
Rural women access to control land during the Derg and EPRDF Regimes: The Case of Agaw Meder, Northwest Ethiopia
Ayenew Mamo Seyoum (PhD)
The main purpose of this paper was to identify the status of rural women to access and control over land in Agaw Meder since 1974. Despite measures taken to ensure gender equality in land ownership since 1974, women in Ethiopia in general and in Agaw Meder in particular experienced more challenges related with access to and control over land .All women, despite differences in marital status, were entitled to independent land ownership with land certificate to increase security during divorce or land related disputes. In order to realize the intended objectives, both primary and secondary sources of data were collected. Primary sources of information were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with elderly people, women, husbands, and relatives of women, government authorities at Qebele (sub-district) and woreda (district) level.
Exploring the Role of Scavengers in Sustained Solid Waste Management; A Study of Warri Delta State, Nigeria
Roberts Anya Nkata , Otega Okinono & Okpan Samuel Okpanocha
Introduction: With the growing mammoth of uncollected waste littering the streets of Warri despite the fact that scavenging is a lucrative venture that can eradicate the waste at same time provide income for those within the sector yet this opportunity has not been properly harnessed. Methods: the paper adopted a mixed research data collection technique involving the combination of qualitative and quantitative instruments. Findings: Among others it was found that scavengers within the study help to recycle solid waste materials, as most of the scavengers pick iron leftovers which they resale to iron smatters. Again, it was also found that’s cavengers contribute to reduce incidents of flood in the society through solid waste collection from neighborhoods. Secondly, scavengers help to reduce the burden of dirt and filth from the environment which is hazardous to human health. The study also found that scavengers are treated with disdain and seen as socially unfit individuals. Conclusion: The activities of scavengers though has consistently remained unrecognized; it has become very useful in the drive to friendly eco-system. Therefore, this paper recommends that the government should harness and organize the activities of scavengers into fitting informal sector as these could help to reduce youth unemployment and further improve on livability of cities.
Educational Leadership during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Sequential Explanatory Study on Educational Leaders of Catbalogan City, Philippines
Gynee Marie ,Tabones Ezekiel C. Cabrigas & Dr. Dennis G. Caballes
Educational leadership is the process of designing, implementing, and managing educational programs. During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the educational environment changed dramatically, and leaders were required to adapt to this new environment to ensure their students and staff were safe. Leading staff through times of uncertainty and change is difficult and requires strong communication skills and the ability to work with a diverse range of people and personalities, This sequential explanatory mixed methods design looked into the educational leadership during the pandemic. Phase 1 is a simple survey designed to look into the following areas of leadership: school management, teacher appraisal, and school resources. Phase 2, on the other hand, focused on the lived experiences of educational leaders during the pandemic. It shows that problems usually stem out from the lack of technical capabilities to ensure quality instruction, up-to-date monitoring, and extensive performance assessment. Moreover, the lack of facilities and equipment make it more hard to achieve some of the demands of learning. Educational leaders are holding up and trying their best to be attuned with dynamic educational landscape. It is recommended to come up with needs-centered trainings not only for educational leaders but also for teacher and non-teaching personnel. Likewise, a more extensive study involving the teachers and students regarding educational leadership is highly advocated to appreciate the variation in the perception. Lastly, a different take on educational leadership study is recommended to add more to the growing knowledge of the topic.
The Effect of Capital Structure on Financial Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Ethiopia: A Panel Data Approach
Berhanu Shanco Wubeno
This study examined the effect of capital structure on the financial sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Ethiopia using panel fixed effect regression model during the 2011-2020 period. Due to data availability, out of a total of 49 MFIs in Ethiopia, only 20 MFI panels are included. The purposive non-probability sampling was used to select samples based on the availability of financial data and the duration of the microfinance institutions' existence. The data analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used operational self-sufficiency (OSS) as a measure of financial sustainability as dependent variable and four capital structure measures including capital-to assets (CAR), debt-to-equity ratio (DER), deposit-to-loan ratio (DLR) and deposit-to-assets ratio (DAR) as independent variable. Size of the MFIs, age of the MFIs and risk (measured by portfolio at risk) were used as control variables. The study discovered that financial sustainability is positively correlated with CAR and DLR, at a 5% level, this association is statistically significant. On the other hand, the DERand DARhave very little bearing on OSS. According to the findings, operational self-sufficiency (OSS) for MFIs will typically rise by 2.8% for every percentage increase in DER while falling by 5.7% for every percentage increase in DAR. MFIs in Ethiopia must take prudence while building portfolios because the choice of a portfolio had a negative effect on sustainability. From the findings, it is strongly recommended that microfinance institutions in Ethiopia should also work to increase their repayment rates.
Dynamic Stochastic Interaction of Globalization and Industrial Development in Nigeria: A Curse or Cure?
Olufemi Samuel Omoyele, PhD, Wahid Damilola Olanipekun, PhD, James Olanipekun Ojo, PhD, Bashiru Akande Bello Temitayo Alice Onifade ,Omowumi Olaronke Elufisian, PhD, .Patrick Ologbenla, Timothy Ayomitunde Aderemi, PhD
This study examined the dynamics of globalization and industrial development in the post COVID-19 era by utilizing the impulse responses over a 10-year period where one standard deviation positive innovation of variables is subjected to one another in the system. The findings in this study are summarized as follows; a unidirectional causality runs from manufacturing value added to globalization. However, the policy shocks of globalization components such as FDI inflow and trade openness did not show immediate responses on industrial development in the desired direction in the early period of forecast. Whereas, industrial development exhibits steadily rise in variation due to the variance decomposition of the globalization components in the study. And as such, globalization could be a cure to challenges confronting industrial development in post COVID-19 era in Nigeria. Therefore, these results call for a swift response on the part of the Nigerian policymakers to embark on policies that would facilitate more inflows of FDI into the industrial sector of the economy. And also, the manufacturing valued added in Nigeria should be in tandem with the global standard so that the products coming from the Nigerian industries could be competitive in the global market, especially in post COVID-19 era.
Sexual Assault and Trauma as Reflected in Amadu Maddy No Past No Present No Future and Zakes MdaThe Madonna of Excelsior
Abera Kassaw & Melakneh Mengistu
Violence such as rape has been and continues to be the major problem in Africa. It is because defective family dynamic, sexualized racism, rape myths, patriarchal dominance, low legal system response to victims’ cases etc. often exert ever more significant obstacles in bringing a paradigm shift in people’s understanding towards victim reaction to sexual assault.Thus, it is vital to create a more trauma informed society and legal system in order to reduce the rate of sexual assault and to develop more effective criminal justice system responses to sexual assault cases. To this end, literary texts can play a paramount role since it can be used as a signpost to display victims’ reaction to sexual assault. Therefore, the main objective of this article was to undertake a critical examination of the traumatic impacts of sexual assault reflected inAmadu’s Novel “No Past No Present No Future” andMda’s novel “The Madonna of Excelsior”, hoping to send signals to researchers to see the immense contribution which literary works can have to bring a paradigm shift in people’s understanding towards the drastic emotional, and psychological damages of rape. A trauma theory dominantly informed by Freud, and Van der Kolk and Greenberg was applied to analyze and discuss the causes of sexual assault and its resultant impact towards the victim characters in the novels under study. The study findings revealed that betrayal and negative heterosexual encounters as the causes of trauma and eventual PTSD in Amadu’s novel: “No Past No Present No Future”. In addition, the study has also found that homosexuality has been presented as the haven for the traumatized character to come at peace with his present condition leaving his traumatic experience behind. On the other hand, sexualized racism, racial injustice, and poverty caused sexual victimization of the major character in the Mda’s novel“The Madonna of Excelsior”. In addition, the study also found that rape exposed the victim character to experience trauma, which was very hard to bear, and its impact cut through the victim character’s life withemotional and psychological scars left behind. Furthermore, the study revealed that the victim characterbecame prone to having flashback to memories which is a strong sign that PTSD develops in the novel “The Madonna of Excelsior”. Based on these findings, using literary texts which specifically focus on the consequences of sexual assault to educate society about victims’ reaction to rape is inexorably advisable and researchers in psychology can hopefully use the implications in this study to explore further the role of literature in reducing violence including rape and creating a health community life.
Financial inclusion among the urban low income group: a study with special reference to Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
Dr. P. Varadharajan
The major purpose of study is, In India around 95% of the population fall under low-income category and they are the ones excluded from Access, Availability and Usage of financial services. Also to identify the factors influencing the low income group to use banking services, to find the level of financial inclusion in low income group and also to provide suggestive measures to banks to tap the unexplored market. The study was undertaken in Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu, South India. The Simple percentage analysis, ANOVA test, MANOVA, & RANK ORDER tests were conducted to analyze the data and interpret findings out of the study. Key findings obtained from the study were awareness is the major factor that influences the low income group to use banking services, it was also found that 65.67 percent persons are financially included with respect to Access to Financial services and for 86.7% of the respondents the distance from bank is less than 3km.. The study also conveys that there is significant relationship between the awareness programs on financial products of the respondent and the for Experience, Perception over having minimum balance, awareness over mobile banking facility and trust over Credit Card and Mobile Banking facility.
Application of machine learning models to improve the accuracy of earnings management prediction
Dr. P. Varadharajan
Earnings Management carried out continuously can affect the accuracy and reliabil- ity of financial statements. This paper focuses on developing a machine learning model to pre- dict earnings management. Financial data of NIFTY500 companies from the year 2012 to 2021 collected from Prowess Database is used in this study. The study used random forest approach to screen the variables by finding their significance using the mean decrease gini. The C5.0 decision tree theory was established to identify the firms' level of earnings management. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid model developed using random forest and decision tree has an accuracy of 85.1%. The neural network model developed had an accuracy of 78.2%. The decision tree model was found to be more effective than the neural network model. It could be seen that operating profit margin, total assets turnover and corporate size are decisive factors in determining the level of earnings management.
Effect of Green Product and Green Promotion on Business Performance: A Case of Medium and Large Scale Manufacturing Firms in Sidama National Regional State of Ethiopia
Alemu Ashagrie Adela , Professor Brehanu Borji Ayalewu & Mohammed Arshad-Ur Rahman
This research examined the effect of green products and green promotion on business performance: with a mediating effect of competitive advantage. There has been relatively little research that examines the effect of green marketing practices on business performances in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. This study represents an attempt to do so from an Ethiopian perspective. A response from the sample of 301 managers of medium and large manufacturing firms in Ethiopia which was obtained by survey questionnaire was tested on their hypothesized relationship using the SEM analysis method with AMOS version 23 and smart PLS3. The findings show that the green product and green promotion exert a positive significant effect on competitive advantage. The findings also show that the green productand green promotion exert a positive significant effect on business performance. In addition, the finding shows that competitive advantagesignificantly mediates the relationship between green products, green promotion, and business performance. This research recommended that medium and large-scale manufacturing firms should implement green marketing practices to enhance their business performances in Ethiopia. Also, it was recommended that future researchers should assume another mediating variable to determine the effect of green product and green promotion on business performance.
Slavery, Slave Trade and Manumission in Gojjam, 1940s-1950s, North West Ethiopia
Ayenew Mammo Seyoum (PhD)
In Ethiopia slavery and slave trade was practiced for centuries and had been an endemic for the society. Slavery and slave trade were abolished by the active intervention of the British in the middle of 18th century. However the institution of slavery and slave trade continued in the eastern part of Africa until the middle of 19th century. The continuation of slave trading and slavery itself in Ethiopia into the 1930s, the involvement of the state in the trade and the continued use of slaves in the royal court were directly contrary to the public statements of Emperor Haile Sellassie I and the legal commitments of the Ethiopian state. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to show the institutional feature of slavery in Ethiopia in general and the historical province of Gojjam in particular. Moreover, in this article I have made an attempt to bring out the efforts of different emperors, particularly Emperor Haile Sellassie’s period in order to regulate and prohibit slavery and slave trade in Ethiopia and to discuss the existence of the institutions and the practice until the 1950s. In the course of the study, I have depended mainly on primary and secondary sources, as well as oral informants, and archival materials. For archives, I have used DebreMarkos University Archive Center, Addis Ababa National Archives and Library Agency, Institute of Ethiopian Studies of Addis Ababa University. The sources are critically collected, scrutinize and analyzed and their validities are cross-checked one against the other. Finally, as a historical research, the paper is based on a systematic selection, collection and analysis of archival documents, manuscripts and secondary sources of both published and unpublished.
EFL Teachers Teaching Strategies to Maximize students Oral Output Production in English Class: East Wollega Zone High school in Focus
Endalew Alemayehu , Tekle Ferede, Zeleke Teshome
The purpose of this study was to investigate EFL teachers’ teaching strategies in developing students’ oral output production in English class: East Wollega zone high school teachers in focus. The study was conducted from in 2020/21 academic year. The research design employed for this study case is the descriptive survey. The researcher used different sampling techniques as random sampling technique to select the schools, purposive sampling for the grade levels and availability sampling techniques to select the sample teachers for questionnaire. Further, the researcher selected sample students and sections for observation by random sampling technique. The data gathering tools used for this study were questionnaires (for both EFL teachers & students) and classroom observation; the data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The researcher employed questionnaire for 30 EFL teachers and 50 students (which is close-ended) and classroom observation. The data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative method and the data from the tools were cross-checked. To this end, the findings of the study indicated that EFL teachers’ teaching strategies to develop students’ oral output production were below the standard and below what the level demanded.
Fulani Herdsmen insurgency and sustainability of livelihood in Benue and Plateau states of north-central Nigeria
Igbini, Daniel Mevayerore, Clark, Victor Esekumemu, Efebeh Vincent Eseoghene
Sedentary farmers in Nigeria's north-central region, and indirectly other regions of the country, have stopped worrying about the impending threats posed by climate change and field attacks from rodents, pests, and diseases on their crops, and have instead focused on Fulani nomad attacks, which have resulted in hundreds of deaths and the destruction of hundreds of homes. Unfortunately, the public's trust and support have been eroded as a result of the federal governments and its security agencies' failure to end the insurgency, and the situation appears to be in a coma. Based on this premise, the study believes it is appropriate to investigate the root causes of the national insurgency, with a focus on northern Nigeria, specifically Benue and Plateau States. According to the study, the means of sustenance of Nigerian citizens' livelihoods in Benue and Plateau states have been threatened since the self-described Fulani-herders militancy first appeared in the country. The study employed a qualitative, explorative historical research design to achieve its goals. As a result, the study relied heavily on secondary sources, such as book reviews, journal publications, dailies and periodicals, official government documents, and online sources. The study also draws on the Instrumental theory of violence, which holds that acts of terrorism and insurgency are purposefully chosen by state or non-state actors in order to significantly alter a sociopolitical system. Alternative policies are essentially proposed to reduce this type of insurgency in Nigeria, particularly in the north-central region.
New public management and human resource planning process In Delta state hospital management board, Asaba, Nigeria
Dr. Onofere Princewill Okereka, Ugo Chuks Okolie , Allison E. Ogidigben , Aliogo Rita Nwasom
The new strategy for public management has given rise to a shift in human resource planning. The purpose of the study is to assess how the new public management approach's theoretical modifications have affected its practical applications, particularly in the area of human resource planning. The main goal of this study was to ascertain how the New Public Management approach has affected human resource planning in Delta State Hospital Management Board, Asaba. Convenience sampling and a cross-sectional research design were used. For this study, a questionnaire was used as the research tool for data collection, and 109 respondents were deemed useful. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23.0 was used to perform inferential statistics of correlation and multiple regression analysis on the collected data. The study's findings demonstrated a favorable and significant correlation between new public management and human resource planning and a high-performance culture. The study also showed that the New Public Management approach had a direct impact on the culture of high commitment and performance and human resource planning. The study makes several recommendations, including that the Delta State Hospital Management Board and other related public sector organizations work on clearly outlined HR policies that can form the cornerstone of an institutional framework to ensure the efficient application of HRP policies. Additionally, they should implement New Public Management processes that include human resource planning scope and allocate more funds for the capacity building and professional growth of the resources in order to provide need-based training to their staff. The study is unique in two ways. First, while there are numerous studies that describe the traditional approach to public management in the literature, this study offers a critical viewpoint on it. Second, no other studies in Nigeria have looked into the connection between the new public management approach and human resource planning; the study is a leader in the field in this regard.
Assessment of Public Building Construction Project Management: A multi-criteria Approach
A.F. Sanni, M.K. Onifade, D.E. Ighravwe and A.O. Ojo
The built environment deals with several non-financial concerns, which has led academics and professionals to propose solutions that would best benefit all stakeholders. The performance gaps amongst specialists in the industry, however, have only rarely been examined by academics and practitioners when producing solid solutions for the built environment.Therefore, this study suggests a new strategy for managing the construction project of public buildings. The strategy incorporates the balanced scorecard, the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC), and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The strategy considered the contributions of three construction industry stakeholders: architects, engineers, and constructors. The contributions of these stakeholders were examined from three angles: client, internal process, and development and learning.The proposed applicability was tested using information from six locations in Southwest Nigeria. Information were collected from four experts in the locations. The locations considered are Ibadan (L1), Ikeja (L2), Abeokuta (L3), Ado-Ekiti (L4), Akure (L5) and Osogbo (L6). This investigation showed that L2 had the best performance. On the other hand, L1 had the least performance among the selected lcoations.The study reported that the most important criterion for client’s management in the built environment was high-quality structures, while the the least important criterion for client’s management was top-notch service to the market. In term of the most and least important criteria for the internal process, it was obsevered that project administration effectiveness and efficiency and strong client ties, resepectively. Furthermore, it was observed the learning and growth in the construction industry showed that the most important criterion was encouragement of stakeholders, while the least important criterion was goal-oriented management culture.
Evaluation of the Livelihood Improvement: Family Enterprise Project for the Niger Delta (LIFE-ND) Programme on Living Standard of Youths in Delta State, Nigeria
Ughwe Goodluck Amafade, AlbeUkaro Ofuoku and Oghenero Joseph Ovharhe and Ezekiel Eromedoghene
The Study Evaluated the Effect of the Livelihood Improvement Family Enterprise Project for the Niger Delta (LIFE-ND) Programme on Living Standard of Youths in Delta State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to; describe the social economic characteristics of the youth beneficiaries; ascertain the socioeconomic status of LIFE-ND beneficiaries before the programme; identify the socioeconomic status of LIFE-ND beneficiaries after the programme; and investigate the changes in youth problem behaviours. A purposive sampling procedure was applied in the selection of one hundred and twenty-five (125) respondents for the study. The data involved the use of both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that majority (63.2%) of the respondents were male. The mean age of the beneficiaries was 30 years. Majority (52.0%) of the respondents in the study area were married. Only about 42.4% of the respondents had tertiary education. The mean household size in the beneficiaries was 4 persons. The mean farm size in the area is 1.12 hectares. The mean farming experience of the beneficiaries was 3 years. It was observed that the overall t-value for difference in behavioural changes before and after participation in the LIFE-ND programme was 6.021. This implies that the difference in gambling, drinking, smoking, and womanizing/prostitution before and after participation in the LIFE-ND programme was highly significant. The study showed that out of the 23 material items examined in the study only 16 of them showed significant differences before and after participation. There is was significant difference between the cultural possession of item before and after the LIFE-ND programme. The study showed that there was a significant difference in poultry farming activities (t-value = -9.939; p<0.01) before and after participation at 1% level of significance. There was a significant difference in ability to read English (t-value = -2.152; p<0.05), membership of social clubs (t-value = 4.221; p<0.01), income level (t-value = -8.005; p<0.01), Socioeconomic status of the youth beneficiaries (t-value = -9.197; p<0.01) before and after participation. The study recommended that there should be need to expand the programme to cover more beneficiaries given the positive effect of the programme on their standard of living.
Water Chemical Analyses in Boji Boji, Agbor, Delta State, Nigeria
Dr . Ejemeyovwi .O. Danny., Mr . Oyibu .L. Obaro Mr. Ovwamuedo, Glory
Issues: Water is difficult to obtain in Boji - Boji Agbor and its supply is unreliable in the densely populated area of the Niger-Delta, Nigeria. Water pollution in the area resulted from wrong siting of well/borehole close to sewage tank and dumping of refuse/sewage in the water. This study identified various water sources, causes and effects of pollution based on evaluated physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Methods: The primary sources of data include oral interview and water chemical analyses while the secondary data are published works in journals, textbooks, etc. Six sample point sources from River, well and Boreholenamely Adugbe , Baleke, Charles, Mudia, Odozi and Edike analyzed based on the international standard procedure of water collection storage (stored in a dried disinfected bottle) and immediate refrigeration. These are analyzed in government-approved laboratory with different types of equipment. Findings: The water chemical analyses in Boji - Boji present various substances within, above and below WHO acceptable limits: is summarized as follows: a Above WHO acceptable WHO acceptable Turbidity (34.10mg L-1), DO (38. 0Ca (200) 1500 mg L-1), 12007 mg L-1) and Zn (15.0 mg L-1), Carbonate (0.01 mg L-1) and Nitrate (5.55 mg L-1). b. Within WHO acceptable: Temperature (28.20oC), Hardness (4.00),Total Coliform (Nil) c. Below WHO acceptable standard limits:TSS (3.00 mL), Salinity (38.50 mg L-1), pH (4.65 mg L-1), Copper (1.50 mg L-1), Bicarbonate (6.30 mg L-1) and sulphate (10.15 mg L-1) are obtained. Conclusion: Based on Health data from the General Hospital. Oral interviews conducted, the health problems associated with polluted water in the area are heart and kidney, poor blood circulation, gastroenteritis, respiratory illnesses, complications in childbirth, damage to the nervous system, skin lesions, vomiting, cholera, and damage to the nervous system amongst others.
Religion, Gender and Anti-homosexual Discourse in Jude Dibias Walking with Shadows
Kufre A. Akpan & Uwem Affiah
This paper interrogates the slippery slope in deploying some religious injunctions to demonise those whose sexual identities betray the heteronormative standpoint of some religious liturgies in Jude Dibia’s Walking with Shadows. The paper notes that some religious groups and their preachments, undeniably, have been major sites of struggle where the fiercest debate on what constitutes an ideal sexuality is fought. Instances abound, especially in some parts of Africa, where religious leaders, acting on the premise of the heterosexual rhetoric of their sacred books, deliberately project homosexuality as evil, queer and a threat to African sets of moral norms. It is against this backdrop that this paper is critical of the skewed application of some religious mandates in persecuting those considered as sexual deviants. The paper adopts queer theory and some aspects of Judith Butler’s concept of performativity as its theoretical position. Through analyses of extrapolations from the novel under examination, the paper establishes that, instead of emphasising love, inclusivity and enhancing societal cohesion, religious bodies have become a platform through which cruel acts of homophobia are meted to the sexual minorities. The paper concludes that every human deserves to be treated with love and respect, irrespective of their gender, class, race or sexuality.
Desquamative gingivitis associated with oral lichen Planus- report of 3 cases.
Dr. M. Deivanayagi ,Dr. M. Preethy ,Dr. Harini Jeyakumar, Dr. GunaElumalai,
Desquamative gingivitis, a widely recognized gingival keratinization disorder known as ulcerated, desquamated, and erythematous gingiva. The aetiology of the disease is still inconclusive with only symptomatic treatment available per se. The most common occurrence is seen along with Oral lichen planus- a mucocutaneous autoimmune disorder that is characterized by reticular or erosive buccal lesions. The following casereports proposethree cases of Chronicdesquamative gingivitis associated with Oral lichen planus. The uniqueness of this case series is the introduction of "SOFT SPLINT" among the multidisciplinary approach for the condition.
Innovations in the payment system and financial inclusion in Nigeria
Eze, Charles Uzodinma, Nnado, Celestine Ifeanyi, Eneh, Edith Nkiruka & Ebe, Emmanuel Ifeanyi
The controversies generated by the adoption of the cashless policy in Nigeria triggered the examination of the effect of innovations in the payment system on financial inclusion. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain the effect of automated payment channel acceptance [apcac], fraud risk exposure of automated payment channels [freac], and fraud loss exposure of automated payment channels [fleac] on financial inclusion. The corruption perspective index was introduced as a control variable. Stepwise ordinary least square regression analysis was conducted using Stata 14.2. The dataset used span from 2009 to 2019, 11 years. The result revealed that automated payment channels acceptance has a significant positive effect on financial inclusion. Fraud risk and fraud loss exposures of the automated payment channels have a negative non-significant effect on financial inclusion. Based on these findings, the study recommends full implementation of a cashless policy because it is desirable.
Factors affecting the profitability of commercial banks in Nigeria
Dr. T. O. Awogbemi
The banking sector is a crucial component of any economy since it is crucial in transferring savings from surplus to deficit units to fuel the country's economic activity and growth. A nation's banking industry may considerably contribute to its economic development and growth if it is strong, healthy, and competitive. In light of this, this article investigates the factors that affect the Nigerian banking industry's profitability. Secondary data from books, journal papers, and other publications was used to substantiate the findings presented in this theoretical study. To reduce the possibility of error and improve the study's validity and reliability, multiple secondary sources were utilized. This paper comes to the conclusion that a company's earnings must remain comparatively steady in order for it to expand and grow through time, regardless of whether it is publicly traded or privately owned. Its external environment must also be properly understood and accurately predicted, in addition to its degree of earnings. This paper recommends measures that will encourage commercial banks to lower credit risk and reduce their liquidity holdings. Based on conclusion, the paper recommends among others that the government of Nigeria should take the appropriate steps to increase investors' trust in the stock market.
Business educators human resource competencies as correlate of job performance in public universities in south-south Nigeria
Edionwe Nosakhare & Professor V.I. Igbinedion
Management of institutions expect lecturers to produce graduates whose job performance will add values to education and organization workforce. But this development depends upon the competencies possessed by lecturers of higher institutions. Six research questions were raised and answered; while three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at .05 level of significance. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population of the study comprised all business educators in public universities in South-South Nigeria numbering 120 business educators. The sample size of the study was 120 business educators. The instrument was validated by two experts and the cronbach alpha was used in ascertaining the reliability and the coefficients of .077 were obtained. The data collected from the respondents were analyzed using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Fisher Z analysis. The findings revealed among others that the relationship between human resources competencies and Business educator’s job performance is positive but very high correlation. Based on the findings, it was recommended that management of institutions should make plans for lecturers’ competencies needs in order to guarantee the attainment of goals and objectives of Business Education programme.
Determinants of non-performing loans in Nigerian deposit money banks
Saliu Hakeem Tomi, Nwankwo Odi, Emmanuel OgwuIdih
This study focused on the NPLs in Nigerian DMB with reference to salient determinants. The study aimed at determining the effect of loan to total asset ratio on the NPL of Nigerian DMB, and finding out the effect of capital adequacy ratio on the NPL of Nigerian DMB. Cross-sectional research design was used. The study considered the fourteen (14) DMB that are listed on the NSE as at 2019. This study used panel data analysis. It is estimated through either fixed effect or random effect models. Descriptive Statistics, Correlation Matrix and Regression (Pooled, FEM and REM) were employed.Findings revealed that loan-to-total asset significantly influence NPLs of DMB in Nigeria. Finding further showed that CAR has a positive but insignificant influence on NPLs. The study recommended that Loan to Total Asset Ratio should be reduced, and that the CBN should encourage bank managers to invest more on less risky investments with fixed interest income such as government bonds, this will enable the bank to minimize the level of the bank risky assets and losses that may arise from NPL.
An Empirical Study on the Determinants of Service quality in Telecom Industry-A Case Study on BSNL
Dr. U. Kanaka Rao, Dr. Danda Udaya Shekhar, Dr. A. Yashoda,
The present paper addresses services quality determinants in Telecom sector with special reference to BSNL mobile users. Service quality is the global evaluation or attitude of overall excellence of service. Whether an organization provides quality services or not will depend on the customers’ feedback on the satisfaction they get from consuming the products, since higher levels of service quality lead to higher levels of customer satisfaction. Service quality was found to have significant impact on customer satisfaction and value perceptions. In recent years the BSNL revenue and market share plunged into heavy losses due to intense competition in the Indian telecommunications sector. In this connection it is very important to analyze how BSNL is providing quality of services with that how BSNL customers are satisfied. A sample of 1000 respondents on the basis of stratified random sampling has been chosen for the study. The data collected were processed, analyzed and interpreted by applying statistical tools like descriptive statistics (mean, mode, median) were used to measure the SERVQUAL dimensions which are reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance and tangibility.
An empirical study on staffs perceptions of transactional leadership behaviours among departmental heads at Malaysian tertiary institutions
Yuk Fong Chin, Fung Lan Yong & Ming Ha Lee
The purpose of this study was to examine staff’s perceptions of the cruciality of transactional leadership behaviours among department heads at private tertiary institutions. The study was limited to 56 administrative and teaching staff from three private colleges in Sabah and Sarawak as well as an Australian-based university in Sarawak. The Transactional Scale/Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was administered online to collect data that were subsequently analysed at 0.05 significant level using SPSS 26.0. The p-values of a Mann-Whitney U test indicated no significant gender differences in staff’s perceptions of transactional leadership, except for “making changes when necessary” with male staff scoring higher than their female counterparts. Additionally, the p-values of a Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed no significant differences for all the transactional items in terms of age and qualifications. However, a one-sample Wilcoxon test revealed that the p-values for all the items were less than 0.05 significant level, where the median value for each of the items was significantly greater than the hypothesised value of 3.5.
The Cashew Plantation: Green growth for environmental management and sustainable livelihood in Dekina, Nigeria.
Olarewaju Oluseyi Ifatimehin, Emmanuel Onuche Momoh, Patrick Samson Udama Eneche
The last century has suffered significant changes associated with global warming and biodiversity loss; these environmental problems are triggered by man's anthropogenic activities in the form of land use/land cover change, and emission of Green House Gases. This causes the environment and inhabitants to be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change such as heat waves, flood events, biodiversity loss and loss of livelihood, as unstable climate conditions threaten agricultural activities. However, embracing a strategy that will promote a green economy by reducing the effects of climate change and enhancing food security may secure and boost the livelihood of the inhabitants. This study examined the cashew plantation as a panacea to extreme poverty, a tool for environmental management and sustainable development. To achieve this, the variation in cashew areal extent between 2002 and 2018 was determined using ArcGIS; a structured questionnaire was designed to identify the contribution of cashew farming to food supply, household income and environmental sustainability, among others. Seven hundred twelve cashew farmers were sampled in Dekina LGA of Kogi State. It was revealed that there has been an increase in the areal extent of cashew plantation from 261.9261sq/km in 2002 to 301.7943sq/km in 2018 indicating an annual increase of about 2.5 sq/km. An average of 25 bags of cashew nuts are harvested each season and sold at an average cost of N24,100.00 per bag. Therefore, within a farming season, the sum of N602,500.00 is earned by a cashew farmer. The Nagelkerke R Square result further revealed that 7.1% (0.071) of the variability in livelihood sustainability was explained by cashew farming. The economic viability of cashew farming in Dekina LGA is attracting more investments in expanding cashew farmland. Consequently, cashew farming is increasing the vegetal cover of the study area, which also enhances the ecosystem services and livelihood of the inhabitants. The government is encouraged to invest more in cashew farming as it has proven to be a green strategy for protecting the environment and enhancing local livelihood.
Strategic intelligence and firm performance in the Nigerian banking industry: a study of selected banks in south-south geo political zone
Dr. Okwuise, U.Young
The study examined strategic intelligence and firm performance of selected banks in geo political zone in south-south Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to; examine the impact of strategic fore-sighting on firm performance in the banking industry, ascertain the influence of strategic visioning on firm performance in the Nigerian banking industry, determine the extent to which competitive intelligence affect firm performance in the Nigerian banking industry and investigate the impact of knowledge management on firm performance in the banking industry. The study adopted descriptive research design method. Primary data was sourced through the administration of structured questionnaire to the employees of selected firms (respondents), while secondary data was gotten through the review of related literature. The study adopted descriptive research design method, which aid the researcher to collect quantitative data used to address the relationship between the dependent and independent variable. A total of 210 copies of questionnaire was administered adopting random sampling techniques, and 198 copies were properly filled and returned with was used for the study analysis. Data collected were analysed using the Pearson’s correlation co-efficient and hypotheses were tested using multiple regression approach. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between strategic intelligence factors (strategic fore-sighting, strategic visioning, competitive intelligence and knowledge management) identified in the study and firm performance of selected banks in Nigeria. The study concluded that all variables of strategic intelligence as used in this study were found as having strong positive and significant relationship with banking performance. The study recommended that The banking industry should imbibe the culture of strategic fore-sighting as this would possibly impact the banking industry favorably and employees should be sensitized to have strategic visioning capabilities as it helps to unify the organisational system in the alignment of all the parts of the organisation (values, systems, people, leadership, organisational structures, core competencies, etc.) necessary to achieve their vision and mission.
Victimization of the Unorganized Sector in India: Issues and Challenges Faced by the Unorganized Workers
Raman
: In the present times the unorganised workers working under the Informal Sector consists of 92.3% of the total economy of India. The Unorganised Sector despite of being a large section in the total workforce only 0.4% of the total are provided with the social security benefits. The unorganised although is one of the largest contributors in the economy as well as development of the country is still the victim of the problems like comprising for the basic necessities of the livelihood to the problem of adversity. The workforce which is working at the grass root in the unorganised sector always become the victims of wage insecurity which includes low or poor wages as well as uncertain wages and have always been the victims of the invisibility and are never given priority or paid attention too. Despite of playing a very crucial role in the country’s economy the unorganised sector is the most neglected and victimized. The paper discusses all the problems and issues faced by the workers working in the unorganised sector and will further discuss the role of legislations and judiciary in providing Social Security to the Unorganised Sector.
Enabling the enablers: Effect of peer tutoring approach on scholarly learning outcomes of French language undergraduates in Delta State University, Abraka
Dr. Emmanuel Ufuoma Tonukari
The study explored enable the enablers: effect of peer tutoring approach on the scholarly learning outcomes of French language undergraduates in Delta State University, Abraka. The study, an experimental study employed twenty-six (26) French language undergraduates. The instrument utilised for this study was a test instrument named “French Scholarly Learning Outcomes Test (FSLOT). Data were analysed utilising mean statistics and ANOVA. The result of the study proved that peer tutoring approach boosted the scholarly learning outcomes of undergraduates in French language; peer tutoring approach enhanced the scholarly learning outcomes of undergraduates of French language notwithstanding their sex. In conclusion, the study established that peer tutoring approach boosted the scholarly learning outcomes of undergraduates in French language, if applied in French language instruction, would increase undergraduates scholarly learning outcomes; the use and adoption of peer tutoring approach for instruction in French language would enhance the scholarly learning outcomes of French language undergraduates notwithstanding their sex. It was recommended that activity-based approaches should be integrated for instruction into the French language curriculum in tertiary institutions, French teachers/lecturers should instruct undergraduates with peer tutoring approach to aid the development and improvement in French language; peer tutoring approach should be utilised in French language instruction and learning regardless of their sex.
Analysis of Customers Purchasing Behavior with RFM Model Using Machine Learning
Kavitha and Dr. S. Manikandan
Customers buying behavior has been predicted in modern techniques such as predictive analytics such as the RFM model and clustering algorithms have helped a lot to entice a customer. In the competitive world, business people need to predict the pulse of customer shopping behavior with predictive analytics it is possible to see what a customer like more and shows interest in a particular product. The objective of this research paper is to retain loyal customers and attract new customers. In this paper, the implementation of a clustering algorithm to find the frequently purchased products has been conducted to analyze the purchases of a customer. Initially, the purchases have been studied by grouping the customer based on their country, name of products, and quantity of products on their past purchases, after that we get loyal customers for improving sales and profit.
Evaluation of the training situation preference of small-scale Cassava farmers in Delta south agricultural zone of Delta state, Nigeria
Ighoro, A., Giweze, E. A., Ozor, A. O
The study evaluated the training situation preference of small scale cassava farmers in Delta South Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to obtain data from 120 farmers using structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Data collected were analysed using frequency counts, percentages and mean score. The study revealed that the mean farming experience was 24 years and mean farm size 1.8 hectares. Farmers’ preferred to be trained on their farms ( = 2.95) using pidgin english ( = 3.44) and the local language ( = 3.18) especially in the morning ( = 2.73) and the evening ( = 2.80). The study concluded that farmers training situation varies and as such understanding farmers’ preference is vital as it will improve participation and acceptance of training programmes.
Iron-triangle framework and the efficient management of public building projects in Nigeria
Fayomi, Fidelis Olukayode , Onifade, M.K & Adeoye, A.B
The project management techniques and practices over the years have not been able to proffer adequate solutions to the pattern of project underperformance trending within the Building sector of the construction industry. Multi-dimensional unsatisfactory project completion states have characterised the delivery of most Public projects due to failure factors affecting expected outcomes. Quality deficiencies, delay/time overrun and cost overrun have become inherent attributes of most Public building projects in developing countries as revealed by literature. Three hundred and two (302) closed and open-ended questionnaires were randomly distributed to the selected population for the study comprising professionals in the building construction industry in the Ogun State. Pearson Correlation analysis was utilised in testing whether there is a significant relationship between the variables while the effects of the framework for managing public building projects' success was tested with Regression analyses. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 aided in carrying out the analyses. The results revealed that the Iron-Triangle-based framework is ‘very high in effectiveness for all the areas identified since REIs are within 0.80-1.00. The closeness of the values to each other also shows that there is little difference in the effectiveness of using the Iron Triangle to accomplish success in the delivery of Public building projects and that the effects of the application of the Iron-Triangle framework on the success of public building projects in the study area were statistically significant F (1, 299) = 394.423; p (.000) < .01. The significance value, 0.000 is less than 0.01.0. The model summary results are statistically significant in predicting the effects of the application of the Iron-Triangle framework on the success of public building projects in the study area. This result classified causes of building projects failure to range between Most prevalent, Moderate prevalent to Least prevalent and, also confirms the ‘very high effectiveness of the application of Iron-Triangle as a tool for managing triple-constraints (Time, Cost, and Quality/Scope) to achieve project success in Public building projects production in the study area and States with similar characteristics.
Biological assessment of Okwagbe waterside along the Forcados river using environmental bio - indicators
Erhenhi, Osaro Hilda 1, Iloba, Kate Isioma 2, Oyedokun, Sunday Israel3 and Sakpaide Annabel4
The pollution status of Okwagbe waterside along the Forcados River in, Delta state, Nigeria was investigated using environmental bio-indicators. Samples were taken bi-monthly between July and August, 2022 from two sampling stations with the aim of evaluating the macro-invertebrate composition and abundance as well as the sediment quality. The mean values of sediment physicochemical parameters were;25.50±0.58°C and 26±1.83°C for temperature, 6.74±0.10 and 6.71±0.12 for pH, Total hydrocarbon content 2.59±0.587mg/kg and 3.82±0.53mg/kg for total hydrocarbon content, 6.16±1.19Cmol/kg and 6.11±0.48Cmol/kg for exchangeable acid, 3.36 ±0.65% and 6.02 ±0.49% for organic matter, 0.11 ±0.04% - 0.06 ±0.01% for total nitrogen, 12.98 ±1.47meq/100g - 16.02 ±1.43meq/100g for cation exchange capacity for Station 1 and Station 2 respectively. Sediment particle size distribution indicated higher proportion of sand and in decreasing order: (sand>clay>silt) in Station 1 while it follows sand>silt>clay in Station 2. The mean percentage composition of sand, clay and silt is 92.75% ±0.96% and 92.50%±1.30%, 5.75%±0.96% and 2.00% ± 0.82% 1.50±0.58% and 5.50 ±1.29% respectively. A total of 118 individuals belonging to 5 orders and 7 species were recorded during the study.The class Malacostraca ;Decapoda(93.6%) was the most abundant order, followed by class Clitellata Opisthopora (55.5%) and Tubificida (37.0%).While class Insecta ; Coleoptera (7.40%) and Dermaptera (6.25%) were low. During the study Decapoda, Opisthopora and Tubificida (Palaemon species and Lumbricus terrestris) were abundant in the sampling stations.This an indication, of polluted sediment as a result of anthropogenic activities on the water body. The macro-invertebrates were classified into functional feeding groups as shredders, collectors, scrappers and predators with the collector recorded the highest abundance of (50.84%) because if the presence of suspended organic particles of all sizes. The diversity index shows that station 2 is richer and more diverse than station 1. Principal component analysis showed that clay and total nitrogen influenced the abundance of Dermaptera and Decapoda; whereas sand influenced the abundance of Tubificida.
Eco-design practices and the performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria
Okonkwo Chigozie Christian, Ogbo, Anastasia Ifechukwudebelu, Obamen Joseph, Okoro Nkemdi Collins
There has been an expansion in the utilization and disposal of merchandise and product because of the great populace development rate. However, in the manufacturing field, fast innovation cycles rapidly render products outdated, and as outcome buyers discard products all the more seriously. Eco-design, product dismantling, garbage removal, and primary methods are turning into a significant period of the product lifecycle to consider from the ecological and financial impact. Attaining a sustainable environment, manufacturing firms require the implementation of eco-design that make long haul value by accepting opportunities and overseeing hazards got from the economic, environment Therefore, the study examines the eco-design practices and performance of the manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Data collected were analyzed using multinomial regression at a 5% probability level of significance. The findings indicated that product design negatively and significantly affected customer satisfaction and design for distribution positively and significantly influenced customer patronage. The study concluded that eco-design practices significantly and positively affected performance. Therefore, the government should encourage all stakeholders in the manufacturing firms to implement eco-design practices in all product life cycles.
Entrepreneurial orientation and performance of agro business in North central state, Nigeria
Ugbedojo Nelson Peter, B.I. Chukwu, Mohammed Habeeb Abdullah
This study aimed at entrepreneurial orientation and performance of agro business in North Central State, Nigeria. The study specifically investigated the effect of EO dimensions on productivity and profitability of agro-business among others. The study adopted a survey research design with a focus on quantitative research methods. The study used the proportionate stratified sampling method. With the sample size of 375, proportionate stratified sampling was used to select the number of firms. To test the reliability of constructs, Cronbach Alpha Test was employed. The study used descriptive statistics, correlation and covariates for data analyses. Hypotheses were tested using regression technique. Finding showed that innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness and competitive aggressiveness have significant positive effect on productivity of agro-business in the North Central State, Nigeria. Finding further showed that innovativeness and proactiveness have significant positive effect on the profitability of agro-business in the North Central State, Nigeria. The study concluded that EO is crucial for driving desirable business performance. This study recommended that agro-business firms should focus more on innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness andcompetitive aggressiveness in the pursuit of improved productivity; and that they should target only innovativeness and proactiveness for sustainable increase inprofitability.
Examining EmployeesPerceptions on the Compliance Level in the Implementation of the Pension Reform Act of 2014 by PFAs: Evidence from Federal Tertiary Institutions in North-East Nigeria
Ishaku, Ahmed Adamu, & Paluri Sheela
Problem: The level of non-compliance with pension laws in Nigeria is becoming too worrisome to the various stakeholders involved. Despite the reform of pension Act in 2004, pension scheme was heavily punched on the head due to misappropriations and inherent corruption bedevilling the Nigerian state. Further, inefficiencies, frail, and ambiguity in the mode of operations of the Pension Funds Administrators (PFAs) seriously affect the smoot running of the pension scheme. As a result, the pension Act of 2004 was repealed and replaced by the Pension Reform Act of 2014 which oversees and controls the administration of the Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) in both public and private sector organizations. Design/Methodology: Survey research design was adopted for this study, where data were collected using an online structured questionnaire from 189 respondents selected using snowball sampling technique across the Federal Tertiary Institutions (FTIs) in the six States of North-east, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was used in analyzing the data collected. Findings: The study found that there is average compliance by Pension Funds Administrators to the Pension Reform Act of 2014 in their operations in FTIs in North-east Nigeria. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Pension Reform Act of 2014 is moderately complied by Federal Tertiary Institutions (FTIs) in North-eastern Nigeria. The study recommends that government should support the National Pension Commission (NPC) in sanctioning any PFA or employer that fails to fully comply with the requirements of the Pension laws.
ISCORE Model: Formative feedback is core in synchronous classes
Quinto, Joseph B. (PhD) & Cacanindin, Manilyn R. (PhD)
Despite a number of studies delving into formative feedback in the field of education, many researchers may have failed to bring to the foreground formative feedback in synchronous classes. To fill this void, the researchers intended to examine the forms of formative feedback utilized by senior high school English teachers in synchronous classes in leading private schools in Baguio City, Philippines. The data were consolidated via a multiple synchronous class observations and in-depth interviews with purposefully selected participants and were analyzed through Martin Heidegger’s (Interpretive) phenomenology employing the hermeneutic circle technique of analysis. Accordingly, three major themes sprang. These themes are depicted to what is called “ISCORE Formative Feedback Model” which includes (1) Feedback Forms, (2) Timing, and (3) Number. To be specific, the feedback forms are instructive, supportive, corrective, operative, regulative, and evaluative. The timing can be abrupt or abridged, while the number can be individual or collective. The findings entail the utility of the feedback forms taking the timing and the number into account in each synchronous class. Furthermore, the model can serve as a beacon for teachers in various educational institutions and in varying levels in their objectives and delivery of formative feedback in synchronous classes. Besides pedagogical implications, this study also put forward future research directions.
Creative appeals: the factors of entrepreneurship in mega-cuisine retail outlets in Cross River state, Nigeria
Dr.Effiom Effiom Inameti , Okosi Ovai Nkanu, Dr. Efa Imoke & Mrs Arrey V. Mbaze,
The study examined “creative appeals as factors of entrepreneurship in mega-cuisine retail outlets in Cross River State, Nigeria”. The research was motivated by the desire to identify the creativity that can appeal to motivate consumers patronage in mega-cuisine retail outlets in Cross River State, Nigeria. To this end, the study sought to examine the influence of branding appeal and facilities appeal on consumers patronage of mega-cuisine retail outlets in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study adopted cross-sectional and judgmental sampling technique to survey three hundred and sixty three (363) mega-cuisine retail outlets customers in Cross River State. Data were collected using a self-administered four-point scale questionnaire. The data generated were analyze using mean rating and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that branding appeal and facilities appeal had significant influence on consumers patronage of mega-cuisine retail outlets and therefore, good factors of entrepreneurship. Hence, it was recommended that Management of mega-cuisine retail outlets should communicate their brands on different mass media within and outside the business location. This will create overwhelming awareness to the publics and promote consumer patronage as well as consumer loyalty.
Econometrics Evaluation of Effects of Bank of Agriculture Financing on Rice Value Chain Development in the South-South, Nigeria.
Okuma, O.L., Enimu, S. and Achoja, F.O.
This study determined econometrically the effect of Bank of Agriculture financing on rice value chain development in South-South, Nigeria. Specifically, the study describe the socio-economic characteristics of rice value chain actors, ascertain the amount of loan accessed from (2010 to 2020), determine loan repayment performance of rice value chain actors, and evaluate the effects of amount of BOA loan accessed on rice value chain development parameters (capital investments, employment and scale of operation overtime). Data were collected from a list of loan beneficiaries whose loans were due. Purposive and multi-stage random sampling techniques were used for sample selection and a total of one thousand and thirty-six (1,036) respondents were used for the study. Data were collected with the use of well-structured questionnaires and analyzed using simple frequencies, percentages, mean, trend analysis and multinomial logistic regression model. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents showed that 86% were males and 16% were females. The mean age of the respondents was 39 years. All the rice value chain actors had formal education and had an average household size of 8 persons. The mean experience was 15 years. The total amount of savings mobilized from the rice value chain actors from the period 2010 – 2020 was N45,853,083, and the total amount of loan accessed was N325,492,590, the total amount expected to be repaid was N375,913,395, but the amount repaid was N132,143,919 leading to a total loan repayment rate of 35% and a default rate of 65% which is not encouraging to BOA financial evaluation and management. The result of multinomial logistic regression model indicated that the socio-economic characteristics and determinants of rice value actors were statistically significant factors affecting the development parameters of rice value chain (employment generation, scale of operation and capital investment) with a Negalkerte R2 of 82%. The study therefore recommended that any agricultural financial intervention programme introduced either by government or private entrepreneurs, there is the need for adequate loan administration, monitoring and evaluation and that saving mobilization procedures should be inculcated in the policies and programs to stimulate optimum performance.
Scientometric Analysis of the Research Productivity on Epilepsy Disease
Imran Hussain & Smita Chetia
The present study deals with the trends in Epilepsy Disease at the world perspective. The aim of this study is to elaborate the scientific production of original and review articles published in the Epilepsy Disease journals for the study period 2012 to 2021, considering qualitative and quantitative measures from all over the countries. All the records were downloaded completely from the Web of Science (WoS) online database during the period of study. The total output was 18092 records from 2418 journals. The results show that the year 2021 was considered the most productive with 2546 (14.07%) publications. Among the authors, Striano P has published the highest number of 315 articles. From the study it can be concluded, this paper may be considered as a baseline study for the scientometric information related to articles on Epilepsy Disease published in the Web of Science. Further research using other databases like PubMed, Scopus, Chemical abstract, BIOSIS and Derwent Biotechnology Abstracts could be attempted.
Empowering the Role of Brand Knowledge for Cooperative to Enhance the Millennial Intention in Bandung City, Indonesia
Chan, Arianis1 Herawaty, Tetty2 Muhyi, Herwan Abdul3 Kurniawati, Linda4
Cooperative business incorporates the small business, newly established business, as well as daily needs of people, encouraging the increase of local economic growth. Similar to other case of cooperative in the world, Indonesians are started to leave behind this kind of business ecosystem. Nowadays, the existence of cooperative in Bandung City was not remarked by most of people, especially millennials generation leading to the decrease of the number of established cooperative. The study specifically examined Brand Knowledge for cooperative businesses in the perspective of millennials living in Bandung City to increase the intention in developing cooperative unions by adopting a quantitative approach the Rasch Model. The authors find that almost 70% of millennials in Bandung City still acknowledging the existence of cooperative business near their domicile and its contribution towards the local economic growth by embracing the micro, small and medium enterprises. It means that younger generations are still aware and potentially could be trained as agents to reinforce the development of cooperative in Bandung City.
A novel smart connected oscillating rotating toothbrush versus a smart connected sonic toothbrush for reduction of plaque and gingivitis: A systematic review
Disha Gogoi, Sindhu R, Dinesh Dhamodhar , Sathiyapriya S ,Prabu D, Rajmohan M Bharathwaj V V
Background:- Toothbrushes have been used for many decades to effectively remove plaques and prevent gingivitis. Advanced toothbrushes like smart connected oscillating rotating toothbrush and sonic toothbrush were later introduced in the market for better outcomes to improve oral health. Aim:- To study the effectiveness of removal of plaque and gingivitis by using a smart connected oscillating rotating toothbrush versus a smart connected sonic toothbrush. Methods:- A literature search was done by using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Science Direct, Wiley using MeSh terms- oscillating rotating toothbrush, sonic toothbrush, plaque, gingivitis and smart connected. According to PRISMA guidelines, the mesh terms were altered in each search engine. Results:--The smart connected oscillating rotating toothbrush is compared with a smart connected sonic toothbrush, and the oscillating rotating toothbrush has shown significantly better results in removing plaques and gingivitis. Conclusion:- The smart connected oscillating rotating toothbrush has better efficacy in removing plaques and gingivitis than the smart connected sonic toothbrush.
The Roles of School Administrators and Lecturers in Fostering Students Critical Thinking Skills in Higher Education in Nigeria
Asiyai, Romina I. Osakwe, Grace N. & Obed-Chukwuka, Anthonia N.
This study examined the roles of school administrators and lecturers in fostering’ critical thinking skills in students in higher education in Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the investigation. The population of the study comprised universities in south- south Nigeria. A sample of 50 school administrators and 400 lecturers was selected from four universities using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire titled ‘School Administrators and Lecturers Perception on their Roles in Fostering Critical Thinking Skills in Students Questionnaire (SALPRFCTSQ)’. Descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while independent sample t-test was used to the two hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study revealed that school administrators roles include ensuring critical pedagogy curriculum is implemented, creating enabling environment for the use of inquiry-based learning, provision of institution-based training workshops for lecturers, encouraging regular use of scientific method of teaching and regular motivation of lecturer and lecturers have many roles including providing cognitive activation by assigning tasks that encourages students to persist, encouraging students to ask questions, and asking probing questions during instruction. In addition to enhancing creativity among students by providing practical exercises and asking questions that require students to clarify and generalize. The study recommended that Nigerian government should include critical pedagogy across all disciplines in universities. And encourage lecturers to adopt critical pedagogy teaching by sponsoring them to workshops and conferences for more knowledge on critical pedagogy, improved practices, learning outcomes and relevance of their certificates. This study examined the roles of school administrators and lecturers in fostering’ critical thinking skills in students in higher education in Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the investigation. The population of the study comprised universities in south- south Nigeria. A sample of 50 school administrators and 400 lecturers was selected from four universities using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire titled ‘School Administrators and Lecturers Perception on their Roles in Fostering Critical Thinking Skills in Students Questionnaire (SALPRFCTSQ)’. Descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while independent sample t-test was used to the two hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study revealed that school administrators roles include ensuring critical pedagogy curriculum is implemented, creating enabling environment for the use of inquiry-based learning, provision of institution-based training workshops for lecturers, encouraging regular use of scientific method of teaching and regular motivation of lecturer and lecturers have many roles including providing cognitive activation by assigning tasks that encourages students to persist, encouraging students to ask questions, and asking probing questions during instruction. In addition to enhancing creativity among students by providing practical exercises and asking questions that require students to clarify and generalize. The study recommended that Nigerian government should include critical pedagogy across all disciplines in universities. And encourage lecturers to adopt critical pedagogy teaching by sponsoring them to workshops and conferences for more knowledge on critical pedagogy, improved practices, learning outcomes and relevance of their certificates.
Entrepreneurship Challenges, Opportunities and Prospects among Women: The case of Hosanna Town, SNNPR Ethiopia
Teketel Agafari Ansebo , Dr. Dipak S Gaywala A , danech Abebe Gaenamo
Background: Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as an important driver of economic growth, productivity, innovation and employment, and it is widely accepted as a key aspect of economic dynamism. History shows that economic progress has been significantly advanced by pragmatic people who are entrepreneurial and innovative, able to exploit opportunities and willing to take risks Hisrich, (2005). Objective: The objective of the study was analyzing the Entrepreneurial Challenges, Opportunities and Prospects among Women in the case of Hosanna Town, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Methodology: A cross sectional study design was employed using mixed approach where 322 subjects were sampled and approached using two stage stratified random sampling technique. Data analysis was done using descriptive presentation techniques using tables, charts and summary measures of Likert scaled variables and also using One way ANOVA test of mean variation. Result: Of the total women engaged in entrepreneurial activities in the Zone those are 1646, only 322 were randomly selected and of whom (315) 97.8% responded to all the questions with non-response rate of 2.2% which is again to lerable. Women entrepreneurs in Hosanna Town having various person demographic factors, economic factors, socio-cultural and policy related factors show that they have no entrepreneurial family; they take entrepreneurship as a last alternative and others. Conclusion: Engaging youths giving special emphasis in the areas of their challenges is an important way of reducing unemployment and it will of course contribute for zonal development in particular and the country’s in general. Many of the factors are subject to socio-cultural like discrimination, prejudice and low level of acceptance. Recommendations: The other big challenge is less institutional support like banking and financial institutions, TVETs in assisting with on job trainings related on how to update the technical and managerial aspect of their business, other important institutions like electric power, telecommunication and water supply sectors should play their vital role in this aspect.
Farmers Willingness to Participate in Government-Led Soil and Water Conservation Campaign Programsand its Determinants in the Damota Area
Mamush Masha and Mengie Belayneh
Soil and water conservation (SWC) measures are considered to have a significant role in reducing soil erosion and the rehabilitation of degraded landscapes. As a result, the local government of Damota area has invested several resources. Nevertheless, adoption of introduced SWC measures by the farmers remains low. This study aimed to assess farmers’ willingness to participate in the government-led SWC campaign program and the major determinant factors affecting the adoption of introduced SWC measures among farmers. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 378 households (209 adopters and 169 non-adopters). Survey questionnaires, interviews, and field observations were used to collect the data. We used a multinomial logistic regression model to analyze the data. The results showed that although the government-led SWC campaign-based mass mobilization remains an indispensable approach to participating smallholder farmers, soil erosion still remained a pressing environmental problem in the area. Despite the necessity of the program, the majority of smallholder farmers prefer the implementation of indigenous soil and water conservation measures to the introduced measures. This is because farmers were not motivated by the program as it fails to incorporate local knowledge, priorities, and insights of farmers in local planning and implementation. Education, farm size, family size, livestock ownership, contact with extension workers, farming experiences, and tenure security have significant and positive relations with the adoption of introduced SWC measures. Hence, farmers' participation in SWC works need to be sustainable, and participatory and should be targeted toward local knowledge and insight of local farmers.
A Comparative Study on the Teachers Command of the Subject Matter and Students Academic Performance in Geography in Selected Private and Public Secondary Schools in Wakiso District, Uganda
Abubaker Mutebi, Kumari Nagaraja & Sharon Raju
The purpose of this study was to establish whether there was a relationship between teachers’ command of the subject matter and students’ academic performance in Geography in both Private and Public Secondary Schools in Wakiso District Uganda. The study was guided by an objective, to find out the relationship between teachers’ command of the subject matter and students’ academic performance in Geography far as Wakiso district was concerned. A correlational, cross-sectional survey design was used to carry out the study. A sample of 124 respondents was selected to participate in the study. Data were collected with the use of questionnaires and interview guide. Frequencies and percentages were used to show the distribution of respondents on different items. The researcher concluded that teachers’ subject matter had a positive significant influence on students’ academic performance in Geography. The study recommended teachers of Geography should also maintain a high degree of geography knowledge through internet search to improve practical areas like photograph interpretation, should also involve in teacher development workshops to improve their Geography knowledge to boost students’ academic performance. Private Secondary schools should employ qualified teachers to Improve academic performance as it is a case with Public secondary schools.
Effect of Directors Motivation on Performance of Entities Listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange
Oliver, Oji Ofoegbu, Grace N.
Problem: Most empirical studies used Directors remuneration as an incentive to increase entity performance level. It has been observed from the financial statements of entities that an increase in Directors remuneration was not commensurate to the increase in the performance of entity. In order to evaluate this variance, this study introduced motivational perspective to ascertain the impulse that enhance performance. Therefore, it is important to carry out study on Directors motivation in relation to their efficiency that induces entity performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: Adopting the ex-post facto research design, the study focused on entities listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the periods from 2010 to 2019. The population of the study was 162 entities. The sample consisted of 88 entities that met the required information for the study. Data were sourced from the Nigerian Stock Exchange Fact Book, African Financials database and Annual Reports and Accounts of the 88 entities listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2019. Panel regression model of random/fixed effect was adopted for this study to establish the effect of the dependent variable on the independent variable. Performance was the dependent variable with return on asset, return on equity as proxies. Findings: The result showed that Directors Efficiency Factor has negative and insignificant effect on Return on Asset (with co-efficient = -0.001725; p = 0.4841). By implication, a unit increase or decrease in the level of Directors motivation would not lead to a unit increase or decrease in the performance of entity. Directors Efficiency Factor has positive and significant effect on Return on Equity (with co-efficient = 0.086407; p = 0.0046). This implies that a unit increase in the level of Directors motivation would comparably result in a unit increase in the performance of entity. Conclusion: In view of the above findings, Directors motivation has insignificant effect on Return on Asset and significant effect on Return on Equity. The effort was spurred by the resultant effect of motivation and the efficient discharge of responsibilities by Directors of an entity. Hence, Directors should optimally utilise the internal resources of entities especially by improving the efficiency of current assets such as receivables as well as inventories. For instance short-term cash investments, good credit policy and debt collection procedures could improve the return on asset significantly.
Entrenchment of Entrepreneurship Education as a Panacea for Unemployment/Poverty among Business Education Graduates in South-South Nigeria
Dr. (Mrs.) P. E. Okoro
This research paper examined entrepreneurship education as a panacea for unemployment/poverty in Nigeria. It examined entrepreneurship education as a tool for eradicating unemployment/poverty for creating employment. Two(2) research questions were asked and this led to the formulation of two hypotheses to guide the study. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey research design. The instrument for data collection was the questionnaire. It was constructed using a four-point rating scale of strongly agreed (SA) 4 points Agreed (A) 3 points, disagreed (D) 2 points and strongly disagreed (SD) 1 point. A total of 60 copies of the questionnaire were administered for analysis. Mean, standard deviation and chi-square were used to answer the research questions, and to test the two-hypotheses formulated. Decisions were based on results from the analysis. Findings from the analysis showed that Entrepreneurship education is significantly relevant in eradicating unemployment/poverty and for creating employment. Based on the result and findings, conclusions were made that entrepreneurship education if properly inculcated into the educational system both formal and non-formal, will contribute immensely to the growth and development of the economy of the nation. It was recommended that entrepreneurship education should be inculcated at all levels of education both formal and non formal, which will help to equip unemployed graduates with relevant skills.
An empirical study on existing entrepreneur training and development programmes of India and Ethiopia
Dr. Danda Udaya Shekhar Dr.U.Kanaka Rao Dr.P.Subrahmanyam
The present paper an attempt is made to compare India and Ethiopia on the existing training and development programmes of entrepreneurship . When performing their activities in a creative way, they can create better wealth. Employees ' creative work allows a nation to obtain wealth by generating possibilities for many others. This causes the desire for a better life, which in turn promotes creativity's action. A country can get money for other activities by collecting tax from the added value in such creativity. Entrepreneurship is a guarantee that fresh jobs, wealth and technology will be created. When the need for a better life is accompanied by hard work to accomplish it, the entrepreneurial activities are facilitated. The company proprietor also trains himself to set a better living situation. The society also has a strong buying power in a better situation. A survey is conducted based on the questionnaire which has set of questions related to entrepreneurship development in India and Ethiopia. The study involves Likert’s scale through which frequency distribution and chi square are calculated in order to observe the comparison between India and Ethiopia. It concentrates on the parameters relating Existing Entrepreneur Training and Development Programmes in India and Ethiopia. Examined the parameters related to Existing Entrepreneur Training and Development Programmes in India and Ethiopia.
Twofold innovation behavior and Omoluabi leadership: Surviving covid-19 pandemic through unlearning effect
Onamusi, Abiodun. B1. Umukoro, Jones. E.2 Ibironke Oluwakemi, E.3& Babatope Valerie4
This study examined the survival effect of explorative innovation, the mediation effect of unlearning on the interaction between explorative innovation and firm survival, how Omoluabi leadership influenced unlearning activities and exploitative innovation behaviour and the effect of exploitative innovation behaviour on firm survival concentrating on multiple industry. A survey of 312 organizations across industries in four countries were considered. The PLS-SEM analysis employed showed that the ability to unlearn fully mediates the interaction between explorative innovation and firm survival. Likewise, Omoluabi leadership explained positive and significant changes in unlearning activities and exploitative innovative behaviour and exploitative innovation predicts significant changes to firm survival. This study concluded that possessing the capabilities to unlearn, achieve explorative and exploitative innovative processes and products, and deploying Omoluabi leadership is a recipe for achieving significant adaptation and firm survival. The study recommended that firms invest in infrastructures that aids unlearning activities, explorative and exploitative innovation. Management should also imbibe the Omoluabi leadership orientation because the unlearning activity and exploitative innovation behaviour, requires leadership to drive success
Leadership Techniques in Achieving Improved Performance and Productivity in A Democratic Setting
Majekodunmi Olusesan Ibitoye Ph.D , Dare, Owolabi
The success or failure of any organization and/or society, to a large extent, depends on the technique adopted in achieving the set goals and objectives. Therefore, the choice of any of these techniques to be adopted must be wisely done as there are many leadership techniques ranging from autocratic to democratic techniques. Hence, the primary aim of this paper is to look into the best technique that could be used in achieving improved performance and productivity in a democratic setting. This paper is qualitative in nature, therefore, it relies on the use of secondary sources of data as its sources of information. The theoretical framework adopted in this work hinges on Servant-Leadership theory. The findings of the paper reveals that both autocratic and laissez- faire styles of leadership are not the best options while it suggests democratic style of leadership in achieving improved performance and productivity in a democratic setting.
Assessment of Integrated Reporting System in Selected Companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NGX)
Awotomilusi N.S., Adesina, O. D., Abiola E.O.& Ogunleye W.A.
This study evaluated the degree of compliance with an integrated reporting system for six manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange using content analysis as an evaluation method. Our main areas of focus are the business environment, governance, business model, risks and opportunities, strategy and resource allocation, outlook, and basis of the presentation. The study found that the average score of 83% was recorded with organizational overview, strategy, and resource allocation requirements, 89% average score with governance requirements, 75% average score with outlook requirements, 67% average score with outlook requirements, and 62% with presentation basis requirements of the 2013 integrated reporting framework developed by the International Integrated Reporting Council. The least average score was 53% compliance with business models. These results suggest that the chosen companies are fully aware of the benefits of improved accountability and transparency brought about by integrating financial, environmental, and social reporting. All stakeholders can greatly benefit from these reports. To better understand how different capitals interact, business models need to be reported more effectively.
Construction and validation of physics achievement test for senior secondary schools in Nigeria
1 Nwabeze, Prince. Chukuka, 2 Odili, J.N., and 3 Ossai, P.A.U.
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an achievement test for senior secondary schools in physics using three parameter logistic Item Response Theory. Three research questions were raised. This study used the instrumentation research design. The population for the study comprised of 37,441 in Delta and Bayelsa States. The sample of the study consisted of 1,200 senior secondary school three students using stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used for the study was Physics achievement test made up of fifty items. The content and face validity of the instrument were established by the use of table of specification and experts judgement while, the reliability of the instrument was established using Kuder-Richardson formula 20 and a reliability coefficient of 0.92, was obtained. The IRT Bayesian Modal Estimator (BME) software and the statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) were used for the analysis. The fit statistics was used to identify the items that fitted the one parameter (1PLM), two parameter (2PLM) and the three parameter (3PLM) logistic model at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study showed that the Physics achievement test had good psychometric properties. The results showed that the overall reliability co-efficient (KR-20) of the PAT was 0.93, the fit to the model was good. The physics achievement test measured one single trait for physics ability.Based on the summary of the results, it was determined that the Physics achievement test constructed by the researcher has good and relevant psychometric properties of a test. As such it would serve as an effective formative evaluating instrument for Physics students. It was suggested, among others that test experts and developers should explore the use of IRT model in the construction and validation of Physics achievement test for senior secondary school students.
Assessment of physic - chemical and biological characteristics of groundwater in basement and sedimentary formations during the wet season in Kogi state, Nigeria
Ogunkolu Ayodeji Bolade1, A Dadan Garba2 and H Garba3
120 groundwater samples from hand dug wells were collected in Kogi State within the basement and sedimentary formations. The aim of the study was to determine the groundwater suitability for both drinking purposes at both formations. The groundwater samples were analyzed for some physico- chemical and biological constituents including pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), turbidity, Na, Ca, Cl, SO4, and NO3. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis for both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result from the study revealed that during the rainy seasons, TCC is significantly different at p≤0.05 in both Sedimentary and Basement formations. The results show that pH concentrations in the Sedimentary formation are not significantly different at p≤0.05 in the wet seasons, but are significantly different at p≤0.05in the wet seasons in the Basement formation. The study further revealed that other physicochemical parameters like EC, Turbidity, TH, DO, Ca, SO4, Cl, and NO3 show a significant difference at p≤0.05 between the Sedimentary and Basement formations in the study area during the wet seasons. The study therefore concluded that natural processes may be responsible for the high concentration of physico-chemical parameters in the sedimentary formations and anthropogenic activities may have more influence in the concentrations of parameters in the basement complex formations. The study recommends that awareness on the effect of human induced activities that affect water quality should be carried out
Evaluation of self-regulated learning among secondary school students academic performance
Enwefa, Chiekem Ph.D
In self-regulated learning, students are required to continually reflect on their learning by gauging how far they are getting closer to their individual learning goals, with the ability to adjust any plans, monitors, or techniques that might be required for their academic success. The purpose of the study is to assess secondary school students' ability to self-regulate their learning and their academic achievement. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were created for this study. The target population was made up of all SS 2 students enrolled in public secondary schools in the Delta North Senatorial District, and the casual comparative study methodology was used. 450 students were chosen at random from a stratified sample. A self-structured questionnaire created by the researcher was approved by two measurement experts. The results of the study showed a substantial difference in academic achievement between students who engaged in self-regulated learning and those who did not. The results showed that male and female students' involvement in self-regulated learning as it relates to academic accomplishment differed significantly. It was recommended that teachers teach children about self-confidence, goal-setting, and learning objectives in order to improve academic success. Additionally, it was suggested that school administration and teachers promote reflective discourse by providing students with feedback on their successful academic performance and self-regulated learning.
Attitude and Behavior Towards Safety Guidelines for Professional Journalists Among Female Journalists Covering Insecurity in South-East Nigeria.
Adeola Sidikat Oyeleke1 Ifeanyi Ebenezer Onyike, Ph.D2 Chukwuemeka Damian Chiaha, Ph.D3 Timothy Ekeledirichukwu Onyejelem, Ph.D4
This study examines attitude and extent of practice of the safety guidelines among female professional journalists working in South-East Nigeria. With the aid of the questionnaire, a survey was conducted among the 440 female journalists in the zone, and the results show that, 66% have positive attitude towards the safety guidelines and endeavour to apply them. However, 9% do not find the safety guidelines helpful while covering the Sit-At-Home. With a mean value of 4.77, the study showed that gathering necessary facts about the location of a high risk event before taking off, is the first precautionary step a female journalist must take. With a mean value of 3.35, the respondents least recommend ‘carrying tear gas repellent or a ball of onion’ as precautionary measure. The researchers recommend guided or strict adherence to the safety guidelines when covering high risk locations or sensitive events.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of Students with Visual Impairment in Durbete Preparatory and Secondary School
Melese Smachew Gedf
The purpose of this study was to assess the lived experiences of students with visual impairment in Durbete Preparatory and Secondary school. Eight Comprehensively selected students with visual impairment were participated. Qualitativeapproach with phenomenology research design was employed. Observation, interview and document review guide were used to collect data and data was analyzed using Interpretative phenomenology analysis technique. The findings showed that SWVI feel sad, demotivated and low self-image since they are being visual impaired. SWVI, worried, afraid, missed direction, and never got outside the class after entered to the class once. Most of the learners do not get proper care from their parents. Almost all students with visual impairment do not participate in competitive games and go with their visual impaired peers. The society has no positive attitude towards persons with visual impairment. Majority of SWVI believed that they have some acceptance by their family and teachers. Parental and teacher support for SWVI is low. Most of the participants do not have enough knowledge and skills about Braille and they do not read written in Braille. SWVI need special support at home and school. Supply of educational materials for SWVI is too low. There is no mobility and orientation training to SWVI in the study area. Geography, economics and English subjects are difficult for SWVI. SWVI prefer to learn in boarding or special school. The class rooms are not comfortable for students with visual impairment. SWVI uses problem coping mechanism typically tolerance and resistance including participate in social aspects. Therefore, the study recommends that regular teachers in the integrated school should have supported these students by providing appropriate learning materials. In addition, regular school should know the importance of teachers and parents support for educational development of SWVI. It is better to integrate students with visual impairment not only physically, but they should be fully included socially and educationally.
An Investigation into the Effects of Questioning Method on Students Critical Thinking Skills
Wubante Mekonnen Seyoum & Abiy Yigzaw , Haile Kassahun Bewuketu
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using questioning method on students’ critical thinking (CT) skills. To this effect, a pretest-posttest two groups quasi-experimental design was employed. Data was obtained through tests and focus group discussion. Sixty management students participated in the study. While the treatment group received questioning method, the comparison group learned through conventional method. The quantitative data was analyzed using independent sample t-test while the qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that there was a statistical mean difference between the comparison and the treatment groups in their argumentative essay writing CT skills. Hence, the students in the treatment group exhibited a significant improvement in their CT skills through argumentative essay writing in that they were able to use more credible evidence, address alternative positions and arguments, support conclusions, and maintain the logical flow of ideas in essays. Thus, the study recommends researchers, teachers and students to pay due attention to questioning method in their academic endeavors.
The Lived Experience of Child Rearing Practice of Parents having Children with Deaf
Melese Smachew Gedf
The major objective of this study was to explore the lived experience of child rearing practice of Parents’ who have children with Deaf in Ahurie Kebele. In this study qualitative approach within phenomenological research design were employed.The finding were based on the snowball sampling techniqueof 9 hearing parents having deaf children were selected.Toolwas selected for to collect data was semi-structured interview. As it was informed in the finding, hearing parents’ experience was foundedto a deaf child can affect parents, siblings, and family members in various ways. That is, it was founded presence of a deaf child may affect family life in terms of family interaction, family resources, parenting style, and access to support for the child. Moreover, parenting stress affects parent-child relationships and important child outcomes. In higher levels of parenting stresses have been related to poorer social and emotional development in both deaf and hearing children. They further didn’t aspire that their children will get married and have children through leading their independent life. Based on the finding of the study, the involvement of the concerned federal ministries in promoting and coordinating interventions needs to be available for parents and children with deaf.
Indigenous technology and industrial development: the case of Nigeria and some selected countries
Egbon, Peter Chukwuyem, & Obi, Callistar Kidochukwu
Undoubtedly, Nigeria had an early start with indigenous technology and some form of industrialization, particularly in the pre-colonial period but failed to leverage on it at independence. Technology has therefore remained the bane of Nigeria’s industrial development. Reverse-engineering has become a by-product of globalization and trade liberalization. With a collection of countries, this paper conducted a comparative study, using panel data methods, to examine, among others, the determinants of the resultant technological efforts in Nigeria. Export intensity was statistically significant in explaining indigenous technological efforts in all sampled countries (including Nigeria). Whereas, R&D investment, GDP per capita, government support and foreign direct investment were found to be statistically significant in influencing the knowledge creation efficiency stage of innovation process, only the R&D investment and infrastructural variables were found to be both statistically significant and rightly signed in explaining the stage of technology commercialization efficiency in the innovation process. In order to attain an increasing level of indigenous technological effort and innovation efficiency, Nigeria needs to diversify her economy and upscale her budgetary allocations/expenditure on R&D and human capital development
Clothing Problems of the Physically Challenged Persons in Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State in this Millennium
Mrs Agadagba, Lucienne Antem Professor (Mrs) D. O. Arubayi
This paper examines the clothing problems of physically challenged persons in Ughelli— North Local Government Area of Delta State. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. This research work adopted the descriptive survey method of ex-post-facto design to describe the variables identified in the study. The population comprises of (30) thirty, physically challenged persons in Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Thirty physically challenged persons were used for the study, thus there was no sampling because of the manageable size of the population. A structure questionnaire was employed by the studies and oral interview method was used for respondents who were not educated. The instrument was subjected to face and content validation by two lecturers in Home Economics Department, Delta State University, Abraka. Split half reliability technique was used, and a Spearman Brown Coefficient of 0.78 was obtained signifying that the instrument is reliable and adequate for the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the date. and hypotheses were tested with t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed four major clothing problems faced by physically challenged persons in Ughelli-North Local Government Area of Delta State, and four solutions to the problems. The paper therefore recommended that clothing selection, use and care information, should be incorporated into rehabilitation and counselling programmes for the physically challenged persons in the society, fabric selection be given priority in order to improve fit and care, thereby increasing their independence, among others.
Relationship between equipment, facilities, safety and promotion of play among preschoolers in preschools owned by delta state government
Buzome , Chukwuemeke & Atakpo, Theresa PhD
This study was undertaken to investigate relationship between equipment, facilities, safety and promotion of play among preschoolers’ in preschools owned by Delta State government. This study adopted correlational survey design. The population was 1123 teachers in government preschools in Delta state. The researcher sampled 561 respondents representing 50% of the population Out of the entire copies of 1123 questionnaires administered, 129 copies were retrieved. Male teachers were 260while female teachers were 301. Mean rating and standard deviation were utilised to respond to the three research questions. Mean rating of 2.50 was used as the significant level of receipt as mean rating underneath 2.50 was thrown away. Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient (r) was used to analysis the three null hypotheses formulated in the study at 0.05 levels of significance. Findings showed that equipment, facilities, safety relate with promotion of play among preschoolers’ in preschools owned by Delta State government. There was significant relationship between qualities, facilities; safety and promotion of play among preschoolers’ in preschools owned by Delta State government. It was concluded in the investigation that equipment, facilities, safety positively relates with promotion of play among preschoolers’ in preschools owned by Delta State government as the ratings were high. Equipment, facilities, safety positively and significantly relate with promotion of play among preschoolers’ in preschools owned by Delta State government. It was as well recommended in the investigation that Delta state government should equip preschools with desired equipment for play environment to be conductive for preschools in Delta state preschools. Delta state government should provide preschools with desired facilities for play environment to be conductive for preschools in Delta state preschools. Delta state government should ensure the safety of play grounds to ensure the safety of preschools during plays in Delta state preschools. Delta state government should create realistic guiding principle for establishment of preschool in Delta state.
Influence of fake news on social media on the credibility of online newspapers among media audiences in southeast Nigeria
Ogodo, Monday Ogodo & Professor J. O. Wogu
Empirical statistics indicate that legitimate online newspapers are losing readership largely due to association of social media and online platforms with spread of fake news and mis-information. This study investigated influence of fake news on social media on the credibility of online newspapers among mass media audience in southeast Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among 400 social media users. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed with SPSS, version 23. Hypothesis were tested at P<0.05 level of significance. The study found that the extent to which male and female audience in southeast Nigeria relied on social media and online sources for news is to about 90%. Respondents across age sperceived online newspapers as credible sources of news to a high extent (about 70%).Strong positive relationship was found between fake news on social media and the credibility perception of online newspapers, with the value of r = -0.671 and p-value = 0.000<0.05. The study concludes that media audience in southeast Nigeria equate online newspapers’ contents with the social media and other online news sources. The study, therefore, rrecommends that publishers of online newspapers should focus on improving the quality of news by engaging in investigative reporting.
Practice-Based Research Approach to Designing and Developing the Cabin of a Fully Autonomous Passenger Drone for Intracity Commute in India
Meenakshi Mishra and Deepak John Mathew
Passenger drones are currently being developed to solve the purpose of point-to-point commute. User interaction for futuristic vehicles will play a vital role in enhancing the experience and making the passenger feel safe. The interior of the drone cabin should be passenger-centric, giving the user various experiences to choose from on the fly. This research paper aims to document the process of designing and developing a cabin for a fully autonomous passenger drone using practice-based research approach. Several methodologies were used to predict the user requirements for a futuristic travel experience including practice-based, agile design research, and design thinking to determine the design requirements. The paper shows the documentation of various stages of the development of the full-scalecab in prototype. The future scope of this study is to conduct user research on the developed full-scale cabin prototype for fully autonomous passenger drones.
Blended learning instructional strategy: A tool for improving students academic achievement in Biology
Maureen. I. Umeana & Ruth. I. Tanimowo & Asaije. U. Faith
ThepaperexaminedBlendedlearninginstructionalstrategyasatoolforimprovingsecondaryschoolstudents’academicachievementinBiology.Tworesearchquestionsandhypothesesguidedthestudy.Thedesignofthestudywasquasiexperimentaldesign.ThesamplesizeconsistofOnehundred(100)seniorsecondaryschoolstudents.TheinstrumentusedinthestudywastheBiologyAchievementTest(BAT).BATwasvalidatedbythreeexpertsinthefieldsoftestandmeasurementandScienceEducation.ThereliabilityoftheBATwasestablishedusingPPMCwhichyieldedareliabilitycoefficientof0.906.DescriptiveStatisticswasusedtoanswertheresearchquestionswhilethehypothesesweretestedusingAnalysisofCovariance.Theresultshowedthattherewasasignificantdifferenceintheposttestachievementscoresofstudentstaughtusingblendedlearninginstructionalstrategyandthosetaughtusinglecturemethodinfavourofstudentstaughtusingblendedlearninginstructionalmethod[F(1,97)=40.66,ρ=0.00,partialetasquare=0.295).Theresearcherestablishedthatblendedlearninginstructionalstrategywassignificantlymoreeffectiveinimprovingstudents’academicachievementinBiologythanlecturemethod.Withrespecttogender,thestudyrevealedforstudentstaughtusingtheblendedlearningapproach,therewasnosignificantdifferenceinthemeanachievementscoresofmaleandfemalestudentsstrategies[F(1,51)=0.00,ρ=0.994,partialetasquare=0.000).ThisimpliedthatblendedlearningwasabletoimproveacademicachievementinBiologyirrespectiveofgender.ItwasthereforerecommendedthatbiologyteachersinSecondarySchoolsshoulddopttheuseofblendedlearninginstructionalstrategy in the teaching and learning of Biology.
Financial inclusion and poverty alleviation in Nigeria
Victor Chukwunweike Ehiedu, Anastasia Chi-Chi Onuorah & Festus Chukwumah Osakwe
It examined the association between financial inclusion (FI) and poverty alleviation (PA) in Nigeria between the periods of 1981-2020, which is a period of 40years. It made used of secondary data from CBN statistical bulletin and World Bank Development Indicators. It covers all deposit money banks in Nigeria and was limited to evaluation of the various measures of FI (Bank Credit to Private Sector (BCPS), Total Bank Loans to Rural Dwellers (TBLRD), Loans and Advances to Small & Medium Scale Enterprises (LADSMSEs), Number of Rural Bank Branches (NRBB), ATM Transactions (ATMTs) and Lending Interest Rate (LINTR)) on PA (proxy Poverty Index (PI)). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics comprising minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation was used for the preliminary description of the series. The correlation analysis was used to ascertain the co-movement in the variables while the Multiple Regression analysis was employed with the aid of E-VIEW version 9.0. The result showed that BCPS, TBLRD and LADSMSEs have significant effect on PI while NRBB, ATMTs and LINTR do not have significant effect on PI in Nigeria. Finally, the study found that FI in Nigeria had a considerable impact on inclusive growth. As a result, Nigerian banks should produce financial products to reach the country's financially disadvantaged areas, as this will boost the country's GDP growth rate and, alleviate poverty.
The Antecedents and Consequences of Coopetition: Evidence from Pakistan
ArifIftiukhar & Dr. Abdul Waheed
Issue: In contemporary business environment, phenomenon of coopetition has become an important and plausible way for competitive advantages. It is contemplated as a beneficial practice in an environment where the constant is ‘change’. In today’s business landscape, the environment is changing and uncertain, and firms follow multiple strategies to address this uncertainty. Methods: The article addresses the effect of coopetition (plausible strategy to address issues emanated by uncertain environment). Such business environment is the resultant of factors like globalization, hyper-competition, and technological advancement, which are studied in the context of Pakistan’s small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Findings: The overall findings suggest that the coopetition is a relevant nuance as it has a positive effect on the firm’s performance. Furthermore, it is suggested that the firms operating in an emerging economy like Pakistan can realize the potential by adopting the nuance of coopetition. Conclusions: In conclusion, it can be stated that creating alliances with their competitors, horizontally and/ or vertically, the SMEs can help organizations attain their objectives in a cost-effective manner leading to a better firm’s performance.
Evaluation of Security Management Strategies Used by Principals to Safeguard School Resources in Crisis Prone Area of Makurdi Metropolis
Ogwu Hannah Inikpi Ph.D Enefu, Samuel Muhammed Ph.D Achimugu, Lawrance & Okaforcha, Choice Chimaa (Ph.D)
The resources of secondary schools in Makurdi's suburb settlements have been threatened by the crisis. Farmers' strikes and inter-communal violence are to blame for the problem, which has continued for the past five years. As a result, a research on how to protect school resources is necessary. Twenty secondary schools in all, one from each of Makurdi's five crisis-prone neighborhoods, were chosen at random to participate in the study. Data from the chosen schools was collected using a well-structured questionnaire. To direct the study, two hypotheses and four research questions were developed. Research questions were addressed using means and standard deviations. The main conclusions showed that the measures taken by the majority of schools can be summed up as the following: gathering information on threats to school resources through cooperation between the school, community, and security agents; sensitizing the school community on security threats and their responsibility; and using various measures to protect school resources. According to research, providing proper security is essential for protecting school resources. The safety of people and property both within and outside of schools should be guaranteed by the government.
Comparative study of students perceptions of the influence of high-stakes English examination on learning
Getachew Desalegn Debisa , Tamene Kitila (PhD) , Rufael Disassa (PhD)
The main objective of the study is to examine students’ perceptions of the influence of high-stakes English sxaminationon learning. It also aimed to make comaparative analysis of a difference in perception of the influence of the examination on students’ learning because of their academic achievements. To address the issues, descriptive survey research design with mixed approach was employed. Questionnaire, focused group discussion and document analysis were utilized as data collection tools. The data was collected using random sampling from two schools: Arjo and LekaNekemte secondary schools which are found in East Wollega zone, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data obtained from surveying 94 students by using statistical package for social sciences version 20. The analysis of transcribed contents of data elicited from students’ focused group discussion was interpreted qualitatively. The findings showed that the students’ perceptions of the influence of Ethiopian Secondary School Leaving Certificate English Examination (ESSLCEE) on purpose of learning English, contents of textbook, choices of materials and teacher-made classroom testswere remarked. Comparing the report of perception differences among students in relation to their academic achievement levels, there were no statistically significant difference on learning purpose of English and contents of students’ textbook. However, the differences were statistically significant on choices of materials. It is inferred that students favored the influence of Secondary School Leaving Certificate English Examination on their learning. The study’s findings have implications for test takers, educators, assessors, testers and curriculum designers of educational system in Ethiopia and elsewhere.
Adoption of Online Banking Security Measures by customers Evaluation through Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Structural Equation Model (SEM)
Dr Gopu Jayaraman * Dr.V. Mahalakshmi Venkatachalam** Dr Hanaa Mahmoud Sid Ahmed* Dr Muawya
Objectives – In light ofthe introduction of online banking services, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the adoption of online banking security measures by customers. Methodology– The paperhas adopted the quantitative research design with a link to the deductive method by investigating existing literature, and theories and developing hypotheses, conducting surveys and testing the hypotheses through the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (Extended TAM). The impact of customers’ frequency of online banking, perceived usage and ease of using online security measures and perceived risk of not adopting security measures on the intention of adopting security measures are investigated and the impact is measured via the mediator (Attitude). The analysis was done using the powerful statistical technique of the Partial Least Square - Structural equation model (PLS-SEM), and the WarpPLS Software 8.00 Version (Latest) was applied to test the model. Results- The frequency of online banking and perceived risk have direct as well as indirect effects (through Attitude) on the customer’s intention to adopt security measures, whereas the perceived use and usage of security measures have an indirect effect on the customers’ attitude. The direct path effects of perceived use and ease of using security measures to intention are not statistically significant but the indirect effect through mediation is statistically significant. Practical implications- This study brought out significant conceptual clarity about customers’ behaviour in using online banking security measures. This study has important theoretical contributions and implications as there are not many previous studies focused on online banking security measures. The discussions and results of this research work will immensely be useful to commercial banks in understanding the customers’ adoption process of online banking security measures. The study can be useful for further research in the areas of online banking security measures. Originality value-The paper offers a new analysis of existing sources on e-banking and provides new visions into the topic area by emphasizing its relationship with collaborative working using many tests. This research adequately investigated online banking security measures and represents a substantial contribution to the literature, especially in the lack of adequate literature about online banking security measures.
Evaluation of Internal Audit Practices in Somali Regianal State,Ethiopia: The Case of Bureau of Finance and Economics Development, Jigjiga City
Dr. Perways Alam & Dr.Niman Ibrahim Arab
The primary goal of the study is to evaluate internal audit practices in the Bureau of Finance and Economic Development, Jigjiga City. The researcher used a descriptive research design to achieve the objective of the study. Necessary data was collected from primary as well as secondary sources of data; the primary data was collected from the target employees by using questionnaires. Manuals and other relevant textual materials and documents served as the source of secondary data. From the bureau’s various departments, the researcher selects two departments, such as the auditing and payment and accounting departments from the bureau of finance and economic development, Jigjiga City. Simple frequency tables were used to evaluate the unprocessed survey data. Based on the findings of the study, the bureau does not provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention, timely detection, and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the entity’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements; the bureau’s auditors do not participate in the activities of drafting policies; and there is a problem around the classification of performance deficiencies. Based on this finding, the researcher recommends that the bureau should pay attention to these problems and try to overcome them in cooperation with the employees in order to perform a quality audit inspection within the bureau.
Technical Vocational Education and Training Trainees perception towards Self-employment Career: The Case of Southern, Nations, Nationalities and People Region
Temesgen Anebo Sulamo & Kuldeep C. Rojhe
These days, graduates from higher education, especially from Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions, in various professional fields, have employable job seekers instead of owning their own businesses. The actual reality is that trainees who have graduated in various professional fields seen unemployed. As the issue of unemployment is a common agenda in developing countries, including Ethiopia, it is a pressing issue. Hence, this study sought to assess the perception of TVET trainees towards self-employment (SE) career in Southern Region, Ethiopia. The study used descriptive survey research design. A total of 451 TVET prospective graduates were sampled using systematic sampling techniques from the research area comprised of eight colleges. The data were obtained through questionnaire. Findings revealed that a considerable number of trainees do not perceive self-employment as a career. The impediments contributed to their negative perception towards SE range from cognitive, institutional, personality to contextual levels. Hence, this calls for TVET colleges to work on promotion and motivation so as an alternative to employment in the world of work. This can be done through cooperative training with the business community to encourage trainees to prefer self-employment as a career. In collaboration with the corporate industry, TVET institutions can develop incubation services where trainees are guided and trained with vocational principles to perceive self-employment as an option.
Towards Credible Elections in Nigeria: Assessing the Media Roles
Onojeghwo, Okeoghene Mavis & Dr. Ijeh Nkemdilim Patrick
Credible elections cannot happen without first addressing the electoral system. This research analyzed how the media may help bring about the electoral changes that are necessary for Nigeria to have legitimate elections. In order to have a really free and fair election, electoral reform is essential. It was decided to evaluate the literature on electoral changes and the media's involvement in electoral reforms. The research relied heavily on the rational choice theory, which describes how people's preferences and actions shape electoral outcomes. To gather information, we employed a questionnaire. Findings demonstrated the need for electoral changes to ensure legitimate elections in Nigeria. This is due to the public's high degree of tolerance of media information on electoral changes and the media's focus on these topics in Nigeria. These results provide light on why the media's participation in electoral reforms and the holding of fair elections in Nigeria was so crucial. People in Nigeria think that media coverage of electoral reforms has not only laid the groundwork for legitimate elections, but has also significantly stoked popular demand for such changes. However, since the media can influence behaviour, it is expected that media practitioners will increase their current efforts to raise public awareness on electoral reforms and other political matters in Nigeria. However, responsible behaviour during elections is also a prerequisite for credible elections.
Public Building Project Deficiencies: Problems and Prospects
Fayomi, Fidelis O, Adeoye, A.B, Onifade, M.K
Deficiencies in public building projects’ delivery, abandonment, and collapse has turned out to be frequent occurrences in the developing countries like Nigeria. It is observed that significant negative devastating effects is impacted on their growing economies. However, time, cost and quality are major constraints that must be taken into consideration to be the desired project success. This study uses 46 questionnaire as a means of gathering the necessary data from the relevant professionals in the built environment in the building production. This result showed that appropriate test were not always carried out on most projects, delay in funds disbursement, administrative bottlenecks, design conflicts and inflation, exchange rate, government policy etc were major factors of project deficiency. The result however, concluded that if the aforementioned factors are critically managed during the design, planning and implementation phases of project life cycle, building projects will be successfully delivered.
Impact of Online Studies on Children in Punjab and Bihar, India
Dr. Keshlata & Dr. Mohd Shakil
The term "COVID 19" refers to the corona virus disease that first appeared in 2019 and was discovered in Wuhan, China, in December of that same year. This was a pandemic viral sickness that severely damaged the biosphere as well as the lives of all living things. It had an impact on people on all levels of devastation, including their bodily, mental, and psychological health as well as their social, economic, cultural, educational, and political lives. It also had a detrimental impact regardless of one's age, gender, socioeconomic status, etc. Every group in the human population had been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, including the elderly, the young, the young at heart, and children. In this regard, the mental, physical, and psychological health of school-age children was impaired by the impact of COVID-19, and the education of children was also negatively impacted. This research study aims to investigate the effects of online instructions on kids. Since its effects were the similar throughout the world, efforts to reduce its influence on children in Punjab and Bihar, two states in India, have been made. The study's focus regions were chosen at random. With descriptive and exploratory study designs, inductive methodology was applied. Data were gathered using a primary approach, such as a questionnaire, and secondary data were also gathered from a variety of study-related sources, including articles, journals, books, census data, etc. Additionally, using SPSS software, the data was examined both numerically and qualitatively. In light of the fact that online classes harm students' health, result in "loss in internet, strengthen learners' departure from real biosphere, weaken learners' logical aptitude, and facilitate face-to-face interactive association, this study explains the detrimental effects of online education on children. It demonstrates that e-learning is not the best method for teaching,with the intention of drawing attention to the drawbacks of online education and preventing their abuse in the real world.
On Code-Switching in English Major Courses
Joseph B. Quinto and Aiza Bheal M. Kitani
Code-switching remains to be used in the Philippine higher education even in English language classrooms. It is in this context on which this sequential explanatory mixed methods design was anchored. The research specifically aimed at investigating the general perceptions of 185 Bachelor of Secondary Education students majoring in English and 27 English language professors from private higher educational institutions in one charter city in the Cordilleras on their use of code-switching in English major courses. The results of this study revealed that both English majors and English professors had a positive perception on the use of code-switching. In oral presentations for students' major courses, code-switching played a crucial role particularly when they could no longer express themselves in English, when they wanted their audience to better understand the content of their explanations, when they needed to understand the content of their presentations, when they desired to feel more comfortable and confident, and when they wanted to convey new words easily. Meanwhile, the findings showed that code-switching was a valuable and an effective strategy for professors to use in English major courses. Specifically, English professors strongly agreed that they used code-switching due to lack of equivalents in the Filipino language or other local languages and that they used code-switching while teaching to help their students understand English concepts better. Drawing upon the results, pedagogical implications and future directions are spelled out.
A Short Description of Some Folk Musical Instruments of Mizoram
Joyanta Sarkar and Anil Rai
From time immemorial, the Mizo have been using different musical instruments. Even though we cannot date the origin, the "Mizo of Kabaw Valley during late 10th to 13th century AD had developed their music as nearly as they have done today". The traditional Mizo musical instruments are very simple and crude in comparison to other Indian musical instruments and very out-dated to Modern Musical instruments. They can broadly be divided into three: Beating or Striking instruments; Wind instruments and String instruments. In this paper we will describe about different types of Musical Instruments.
Poverty alleviation through skills development and entrepreneurship education: A panacea for sustainable development
Rowell E. Ubogu (PhD) Osakwe G. Nwamaka (PhD) Obed-Chukwuma N. Anthonia (Doctoral Student)
This study investigated the importance of skills development and entrepreneurship education as a panacea to poverty alleviation for sustainable development. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and was based on the theory of human capital development. The constructed survey instrument was pilot tested using test-retest and the data were analysed with Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and a reliability index of 0.82 was obtained. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. One of the major findings which emerged from the study was that: respondents had a strong belief that through exposure to entrepreneurship education, graduates are enabled to be creative and innovative and that this will help them to be self-reliant and ultimately move away from the shackles of poverty. It was, therefore, recommended that government should ensure that the regulatory bodies of tertiary Institutions such as the National University Commission (NUC) should facilitate full implementation of entrepreneurship education as a substantial part of every programme.
Effect of organizational change on employee job satisfaction: the case of Ethiopian electric power
Tigist Gebrehiwot Takele
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of organizational Change dimensions (discrepancy, appropriateness, principal support, efficacy and valance) on employees’ job satisfaction at Ethiopian Electric Power head quarter located in Mexico Addis Ababa Ethiopia. . The study sample composed of Managerial, Professional and semi-professional staffs, included 109 employees. Moreover, the data gathering tools for this research was questionnaire and document analysis consequently, the organizational Change perception of respondents were obtained by administrating the Organizational Change Recipients Beliefs’ Scale items (OCRBS) and the job satisfaction score of respondents were obtained by administrating the Job Satisfaction Survey questionnaire (JSS) of Specter. All sample respondents were completed the Organizational Change Recipients Beliefs’ Scale items (OCRBS) and Job Satisfaction Survey questionnaire (JSS). A collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. In addition, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions were computed. As a result of these, the level of employees’ job satisfaction was satisfied in the EEP. Moreover, 82.4% employees’ job satisfaction is explained by organizational change dimensions. Finally, the study was revealed that the result of Pearson correlation analysis shows all independent variables are related and statistically significant at significance level of 0.05 suggesting the strong relationship between organizational change dimensions and job satisfaction.
Attitude of freshmen at the University of Lagos toward alcohol use
Chinyere C. Okonkwo, Ngozi A. Okeke, Sussan Adeusi & Olujide Adekeye
The use and abuse of alcohol is widespread among students. This observation has led many researchers to conclude that the use of alcohol among university students has become a culture. Harmful use of alcohol among undergraduates has remained a prominent public health problem in Nigeria and across the globe. This study aimed to investigate the attitude of first-year university students towards alcohol use as alcohol consumption levels are highest among this age group. This was a descriptive survey study with 278 university students responding to the research instrument. The mean age of the participants was 19.55% (SD=2.27). The majority of them were females (66.9%) and between 16 – 19 years (60%). The Attitude to Alcohol Use scale was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with a combination of independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings showed that students had a negative attitude towards alcohol use and that age, religion and positive history of alcohol use had no significant influence on their attitude toward drinking. However, there was a significant gender difference, with males having a positive attitude toward alcohol use compared to females. The positive attitude of male students towards alcohol use needs to be given adequate attention. Therefore, developing a preventive intervention that will focus on dealing with risky behaviours including harmful alcohol use and enhancing protective factors among university students was recommended.
Transparency and disclosures of Commercial banks in Ethiopia
Dr. Tafa Mosisa Ijara & Dr. Dhiraj Sharma
This paper evaluated the transparency and disclosures of Ethiopian commercial banks by applying the Standard and Poor’s transparency and disclosure index to measure the disclosure levels between 2010- 2020. The determinants of disclosures were estimated using the panel data GMM estimation method. The results have revealed that Ethiopian commercial banks were disclosing information at a moderate level. The profitability and age of the bank positively significantly affected the levels of disclosure, while bank size negatively significantly influenced the levels of disclosures. The results have implied that competition between banks in terms of information disclosure was weak in Ethiopia. Finally, banks managers are suggested to use their financial capability to disclose more information and take advantages that will accrue in association with more disclosures. The regulatory authorities are also suggested to apply and enforce the policy that pushes the banks to disclose more information in the larger interests of the investors.
Impact of microfinance on the inclusive development of Bihar
Professor .(Dr.) Bhupendra Kumar, Professor (Dr.) Namita Rajput Dr. Pooja Nagpal, Olubiyi, Timilehin Olasoji, PhD Professor.(Dr.) Yagnam Nagesh
The concept of inclusive development is a novel economic growth that has a significant impact on eradicating poverty in states like Bihar. Microfinance has now become a powerful tool for financial inclusion in India during the last few years. The concept of Microfinance can be understood as the tiny savings, loans, and services for socioeconomically disadvantaged people. It offers financial services and products to the general public, particularly to the underprivileged and disadvantaged section of society on a reasonable term. The demand for microfinance is caused by the unequal distribution of money among society's many social classes, which eventually raises barriers to the poorer classes' ability to participate in economic and socially inclusive related activities. Microfinance via its working channels and networks tries to create a sustainable financial system that represents a strong pillar of economic development in the state of Bihar. The contribution of microfinance to financial inclusion is not only recognized globally but also significantly closes the financial inclusion gaps. This research examines microfinance's influence on Bihar's inclusive growth. Secondary source of data is used in this study. During this study, it is observed that the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) Mission popularly recognized as Jeevika has a great impact on the inclusive rural development of Bihar in terms of its accessibility and remarkable achievement. Furthermore, NABARB’s pilot scheme SHG-Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP), and other schemes of government are also discussed. Secondary data supports the study's conclusion which discloses how small finance and payment Banks contribute to the expansion of microlending in states like Bihar.
Geospatial Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover of Delhi
Nishit and Dr. Subhash Anand
The LULC monitoring in rapidly urbanizing environments using remote sensing and GIS for quantifying and analysing urban landscape change dynamics and managing healthy urban ecosystems. The key cause of LULC changes is the transfer of other forms of land to uses related to population development and economic activities. As a result, LULC are complex in nature and must be controlled on a regular basis to ensure long-term development. So, land use refers to how humans use the land and its resources, such as agriculture, grazing, logging, etc. The present paper necessitated a wide range of data. SOI Toposheets, satellite pictures, and a wealth of literature are all included. This paper is a micro-level investigation that covers an entire city. The data required for the study comprised of topographical maps, satellite images and secondary data. In order to study the change in LULC, and LANDSAT data (1992-2020) were used to generate different layers of maps. Spatial-temporal information on the LULC and its changes were determined by GIS and RS techniques. The selected datasets from 1992, 2001, 2010 and 2020 are the result of two separate Landsat satellite series sensors. Sensor data from the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor from 1992 to 2010, as well as the Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI/TIRS) sensor from 2020. The present study analyzed the Spatio-temporal pattern change and urbanisation of Delhi.
Personality Traits of Selected Drug Abusers in Delta and Bayelsa States of Nigeria
Ugoji, F. N. (PhD) & Fakrogha, E. I. (PhD)
This study was carried out to identify the personality traits of selected drug abusers in Delta and Bayelsa States of Nigeria. Five research questions and five null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey method of ex-post facto research design was adopted and a personality test was administered on the participants. The instrument was adapted from the Big Five Inventory (BFI), developed by Golberg (1993) and domesticated for use in the study areas. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions at a criterion mean of 2.50 while independent samples t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that drug abusers are high on openness to experience, extraversion and neuroticism but low on agreeableness and conscientiousness. The study recommended that individuals high on openness to experience, extraversion and neuroticism should be given drug-free training prior to their entry into secondary schools.
Management innovation and firm value of manufacturing firms in Nigeria: post IFRS periods
Aniefor, Sunday Jones Emeneka, Ogochukwu Linda
This study examined the effect of Post IFRS management innovation and firm value of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria from 2012-2020. Ex Post Facto research design was adopted. Data were sourced from the annual reports and accounts of the twenty (20) sampled manufacturing firms. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were employed via E-Views 9.0 statistical software. Data analysis revealed that management innovations have a significant and positive effect on firm value of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. This imply that management innovation is being considered as an important variable in explaining firm value of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria, therefore can be used in making decision. In order to effectively manage innovative ideas that can increase productivity, create new revenue streams, increase employee loyalty, and save costs for the company, the study suggested that innovation management should be continuously encouraged in businesses.
Building resilience through Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in the face of urban population explosion in Nigeria
Dr. Babatope Andrew Ogundare
Urban areas across the world are faced with population explosion coupled with attendant transport challenges in which Nigeria is no exemption. In order to make cities livable and comfortable, there is need to provide adequate, cheap and comfortable transport since mobility is an essential service for city development. The aim of the study therefore, is to assess the uniqueness of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in building resilience for sustainable transport development for urban areas in Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data sources were used to elicit information on factors controlling passengers’ satisfaction in the use of BRT in Lagos State. A total of 2,100 copies of questionnaires were administered to BRT commuters at designated terminals through direct element sampling techniques. Data on reliability, safety, fare structure, comfortability, speed, ease of use, waiting and journey time were collected and subjected to single column t-test analytical techniques. The Gross Mean Weight Value (GMWV) was used to find out the main factors controlling passengers’ satisfaction in the use of BRT. The calculated t-test value of 4.658 which is higher than the tabulated value of 1.860 depicts that there is significant difference in factors controlling passengers’ satisfaction in BRT services. The study concluded by stressing the importance and the use of BRT system in Nigerian cities. The study recommends that adoption of BRT will build resilience in transport system and reduce mobility problems encountered due to large number of people living in cities and enhance sustainable development.
Financial Deepening and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Victor Chukwunweike Ehiedu, Anastasia Chi-Chi Onuorah & Chinyere Nkeiruka Chigbo
The study examined the relationship between financial deepening (FD) and financial performance (FP) of deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria for the period of 1997-2020 (24years). This was done in respect to the measures of financial deepening, namely; Ratio of Broad Money Supply to Gross Domestic Product (M2/GDP), Ratio of Private Sector Credit to Gross Domestic Product (PSC/GDP), Ratio of Market Capitalization to Gross Domestic Product (MCAP/GDP) and Ratio of Banks Deposit to Gross Domestic Product (BD/GDP) in relation to financial performance proxied with Return on Equity (ROE) of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The data for the study was sourced from CBN statistical bulletin, CBN bank supervisory annual report and NDIC annual report. Then, the stationary and normality tests were carried out, followed by the descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression tool of analysis. The result showed that; M2/GDP, PSC/GD, MCAP/GDP and BD/GDP have positive significant effect on FP proxied with ROE of DMBs in Nigeria. Thus, the study concluded that FD significant effects on FP of DMBs in Nigeria. Hence, government policy should be geared toward strategically increasing money supply in order to improve overall economic efficiency, create and expand liquidity, mobilize savings, boost capital accumulation, transfer resources from traditional sectors to growth-inducing sectors (such as manufacturing and industry, agriculture, and services), and promote competent entrepreneurial response in various sectors of the economy. However, to guarantee that it (money supply) does not lead to financial excess.
Advertising Regulations as threshold for Outdoor Advertising Practice
Nnanyelugo Okoro & Kemi Abodunrin
Issues: Lagos State is host to manufacturers and services providers, hence, advertising. Of the advertising platforms, outdoor advertising practice came into comprehensive legislation through the Lagos State Signage and Advertisement Agency (LASAA) while the federal regulation is thrust on the Advertising Practitioners’ Council of Nigeria (APCON). Following reviews and amendments, the Outdoor Advertising Association of Nigeria (OAAN) is threatened. Regulatory incongruities and somersault are noted as a result. Methods: Evaluation through three objectives and two null hypotheses were substantiated. The null hypotheses were rejected. Survey was applied. With a population of 84 outdoor advertising firms, then, 62 of such as sample size emerged resulting from the application of simple random sampling using Cochran formula. A response rate of 55 firms ensued and reliability of 0.83 was recorded. Mean and standard deviation aided data analysis. Findings: Notable finding is that the regulations need not be increased. Conclusion: Appreciable compliance is attainable at the behest of coordinating the current lock jam in the industry through reform of identified knotty policies.
Effect of Activity, Students, Experiment and Improvisation (ASEI) Teaching Strategy on Students Attitude in Chemistry in Federal Capital Territory, FCT, Abuja
Dr. Sunday Ade. Adeniran Dr. Kemilola Stella Ekundayo & Emmanuel Omale
The researchers investigated the effect of Activity, Students, Experiment and Improvisation(ASEI) teaching strategy on chemistry students’ attitude in senior secondary schools in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The study had two research objectives which were translated into research questions and hypotheses. 160 students were sampled through purposive sampling out of 1,680 SS1 Chemistry students. The study was planned up using a semi-experimental qualitative research. Chemistry students' attitude surveys provided the data for the study (CSAI).Simple percentage analysis was used to examine the research questions, and Analysis of Covariance was used to analyze the hypotheses (ANCOVA).According to the study, using the ASEI instructional strategies improves participants' attitudes toward chemistry more than using traditional techniques. The application of the ASEI classroom instruction revealed that sex had no appreciable impact on the learners' attitudes toward chemistry. It was recommended that educational institutions should emphasize the need to arouse and sustain students’ attitude through the use of ASEI teaching strategy. Teachers’ trainees should be given the opportunities to master the principles behind the use of ASEI teaching strategy. Teachers should adopt the use of fascinating or attractive instructional materials that will enhance the attitude of students positively.
Effect of lean management on corporate performance of selected manufacturing firms in Enugu state, South East, Nigeria
Okwuise, U. Young, Ph.D.* & Arukaroha, Jonathan
This study sought to ascertain effect of lean management on corporate performance of selected manufacturing firms in Enugu State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 284 copies of valid structured questionnaire from the application of Cochran’s formula for finite population while Bowley’s proportional allocation method was adopted to determine the allocation of questionnaire to each firm. The study reveals that value alone is not enough to drive organisation to success, to succeed firms must continuously add value to their offerings so as to meet environmental demands. This study extends on existing literature by providing empirical evidence showing the effect of lean management on corporate performance of manufacturing firms. The result of this study suggests that firms should focus on those value adding activities and ensure that sustainability which is environment friendly is put in practice.
A study on the causes and effects of teenage pregnancy in Jigjiga, Somali region, Ethiopia
Dr. Mohd Shakil Dr. T. Velmurugan & Mrs. V. Gayathri
Teenage pregnancies are a major issue in many Ethiopian areas, especially Jigjiga in the Somali Region. The study focused on evaluating the causes and implications of these adolescent pregnancies and was carried out in Jigjiga, Somali Region. The study also concentrated on gathering information directly from community people in order to ascertain the root reasons of teenage pregnancies and possible solutions. Descriptive research design was attempted to be used in the study. The descriptive research design aided in defining and illuminating the study's phenomena. As a result, our research has provided clear and pertinent information about the teenage pregnancy issue in Jigjiga. Fifty respondents made up the study's sample size, and they were chosen by simple random sampling. According to the study's findings, only 70% of community members are aware of the impacts of teenage pregnancies. Most youths in the study region also tend to become pregnant as a result of inadequate sensitization campaigns and awareness campaigns, which are the primary causes of teenage pregnancies. Thus, by developing efficient awareness programs and promoting sex education, this problem of adolescent pregnancies can be resolved with the assistance of the government and other stakeholders. In light of the aforementioned findings, the researcher suggests that adequate parental care, the abolition of street hawking, and the instillation of moral values through religious institutions be implemented by the government as means of reducing teenage pregnancy. The researcher also suggests that local governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) be able to contribute to the effort to reduce teenage pregnancy by providing stable funding for comprehensive education for female teenagers or both sexes.
Efficacy of Cognitive Behavior and Emotional Intelligence Therapies on the Management of Social Anxiety among In-School Adolescent in Sapele Local Government Area of Delta State
Odofin Toyin, Ph.D & Ozuri, Rachael Ph.D
This study investigated efficacy of cognitive behaviour and emotional intelligence therapies on the management of social anxiety among in-school adolescents in Sapele Local Government Area, Delta State. Pre-test Post-test Control group true experimental research design was adopted in the study. Four (4) research questions which were translated into hypotheses guided the study. A total of 102 in-school adolescents were selected from three public secondary schools in Sapele Local Government Area, Delta State using multi-stage sampling techniques. The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) created by Mattick and Clarke was used to gather data for the study (1998). The researcher collected data for the study by administering the instrument to the sampled respondents with the assistance of three trained research assistants in each of the schools. The information gathered was examined using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings amongst others showed that CBT and EIT were efficacious in managing social anxiety among in-school adolescent in Sapele Local Government Area, Delta State and that social anxiety was not influenced by sex. Therefore, the study recommends amongst others that, counsellors should treat in-school adolescents going through social anxiety with CBT and EIT.
The effect of Transformational Leadership Practices on Effectiveness Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institutions in Sidama Zone, Ethiopia
Dr. Feyera Dinsa Hundessa & Barasa Balguda Belay
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Transformational Leadership Practices on Effectiveness Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institutions in Sidama Zone. The researchers employed quantitative research approach with explanatory research design. Simple random sampling technique was employed by researchers to select 243 staff out of 618 employees in TVET institutions in Sidama Zone. Also, the direct personal interview was conducted with leaders in the colleges. The result of regression analysis multiple linear regression model was applied to investigate the effect of transformational leadership practices on the effectiveness of TVET institutions in Sidama zone. The findings of this study showed that, challenge the process, inspiring a shared vision, enabling others to act, modeling the way, and encouraging the heart have positive and statistically significant effect on staff commitment. The response of interview was showed that abuse of power, lack of focus on building staff relationship, fewer checks and balance, setting too big picture, loss of power if followers disagree with them. On the other hand, encouraging followers, moral support, sharing of new ideas, collaborations, ready for goal setting, staff happiness, and trust among leaders and employees. Hence, the researchers suggested that the TVET institutions should improve the transformational leadership practices more than current status to encourage the staff commitment which is base for productivity of the organizations.
Effect of Four-Mode Application Technique and Lecture Method on Biology Students Achievement in Secondary Schools in Delta State
Chukwuka, Rita Ewere & Professor. Ajaja Osawaru Patrick
The study examined the effects of four-mode application technique and lecture method on achievement of Biology students in secondary schools in Delta State. Two hundred and twenty-five (225) Biology students from 6 selected schools were used as sample for the study. The study employed the pretest posttest planned variation quasi-experimental design. The Biology Achievement Test (BAT) was used as data collection instruments. Collected data were analysed utilising mean, independent sample t-test, and ANCOVA. The study results showed that there is significant statistically difference in the achievement of Biology students instructed with 4MAT and those instructed with lecture method in favour of 4MAT group; there is no significant statistical difference in the mean achievement score of male and female students instructed with 4MAT; there is no statistically significant interaction effect between methods and sex on students’ achievement. The study concluded that Four-Mode Application Technique (4MAT) is a major variable which affects academic achievement of student in Delta State secondary schools. It was recommended that Government should organize seminars and workshops through the Ministry of Education to train teachers on how to use the Four Mode Application Technique (4MAT) to teach their students and as such, make the teaching learning process meaningful, improve students’ achievement.
Psycho-Social and Economic Factors Influencing Choice Of Clothing By Women In Colleges Of Education In Delta State, Nigeria
Nzei, Justina A. (PhD)
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the psycho-social and economic factors influencing the choice of clothing by women in Colleges of Education in Delta State, Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. It was a descriptive survey, and Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study was the female staff of the public Colleges of Education in Delta State which was 344 persons. Purposive sampling was used to select all the female staff in the department of Vocational/Technical Education in three public Colleges of Education in the three senatorial zones in Delta State, they are College of Education, Warri; College of Education, Mosogar; and College of Education, Agbor, comprising of 88 persons. A 29-item structured questionnaire on a 4-point scale was used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Mean ( ) and Standard Deviation which answered the research questions, and ANOVA which tested the null hypotheses.
Database Management System (DBMS): a strategy for emboldening accessibility and usage of information resources in public university libraries in Delta, Nigeria
Igere A. Mercy
The use of DBMS enables proper organisation of information resources for easy accessibility and usage. However, studies have shown potential low usage of information resources indicating poor management hence this study to determine Database Management System (DBMS): a Strategy for Emboldening Accessibility and Usage of Information Resources in Public University Library in Delta, Nigeria. Six objective were set to determine the forms of DBMS adopted by libraries, database systems software used, hardware(s) used, how accessible the information resources are in the library, the extent to which information resources are used and how often patrons use resources. Descriptive survey design was adopted to determine the current status of the work. The population of the study comprised 4250 which are registered users of the public university libraries in Delta State. A sample of 170 which is 4% of the entire population was drawn using simple random sampling technique. The Instrument consist of question on nominal scale, four scale and fie scale questions. Some of the Instruments were developed by the researchers while some were from previous research article. The instruments were validated by other experts in the field. Descriptive and influential statistics were used to analysed data. A mean of 2.5 was used as criterion mean such that any item below 2.5 was rejected. Results shows that manual DBMS is mostly in applied, Some computer based developing libraries make use of software like CDIS/ISIS, SLAM, Oracle and X-LIB and the hard wares such as CD/DVD drive, pen drive, think client, server and external hard disc. There is a low extent of usage of e-resources, low frequency of usage of e- resources within the library. The study recommended that libraries should adopt the computerized DBMS for effective organisation and transparency of the information resources to encourage high access/usage of e-resources.
Teachers Competencies and Students Academic Performance in Geography. A Comparison of Selected Private and Public Secondary Schools in Wakiso District, Uganda
Abubaker Mutebi & Kumari Nagaraja
The purpose of this study was to establish whether there was a relationship between teachers’ competencies and students’ academic performance in Geography in both Private and Public Secondary Schools in Wakiso District Uganda. The study was guided by three objectives, to examine the relationship between teachers’ communication ability and students’ academic performance in Geography. To find out the relationship between teachers’ command of the subject matter and students’ academic performance in Geography and to investigate the relationship between teachers’ social support and students’ academic performance in Geography as far as Wakiso district was concerned. A correlational, cross-sectional survey design was used to carry out the study. A sample of 44 respondents was selected to participate in the study. Data were collected with the use of questionnaires and interview guide. Frequencies and percentages were used to show the distribution of respondents on different items. The researcher concluded that teachers’ communication ability, subject command and social support had a positive significant influence on students’ academic performance in Geography. The study recommended teachers’ communication abilities should be developed such as accents, clarity, pronunciations to improve academic performance in Geography. Teachers of Geography should also maintain a high degree of geography knowledge through internet search to improve practical areas like photograph interpretation, should also involve in teacher development workshops to improve their Geography knowledge to boost students’ academic performance. Private Secondary schools should employ qualified teachers to Improve academic performance as it is a case with Public secondary schools.
Effect of instructional conversation and gender on students achievement, retention and attitude in towards Physics
Bebenimibo, Job (Ph.D.)
The article certified the effect of Instructional Conservation and Gender on students’ achievement, retention, and attitude in Senior School Physics in Delta State. The theoretical framework on which the study was anchored is Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory. The study employed a non-equivalent pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design. Three (3) research null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. A sample size of ninety one(91) SS II physics students from three (3) public senior schools in Delta State was involved. They were taught physics concepts using Instructional Conversation in the experimental groups consisted of ninety one (91) students. The instruments used were Physics Achievement Test (PAT) and Physics Students Attitude Questionnaires (PSAQ). The instruments were validated by experts in physics and science education, with reliability indices of 0.79 for PAT and 0.73 for PSAQ. The data received were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Independent t-test. The findings revealed that Instructional Conversation was unbiased pertaining to physics students’ achievement, retention, and attitude owing to their gender. Emphatically, the study stated that utilizing Instructional Conversation in teaching senior school physics is appropriate; due to the unbiased learning prospect it offered the physics learners.
Enhancing Students Performance in External Examination through Teachers Professional Development and Induction in Delta State, Nigeria
Anho, Okiemute Roseline
The study specifically examined the role of teacher’s professional development and induction in the enhancement of students’ performance in external examination. Ex-post facto survey design was adopted, the population comprised 14,745 teachers in 452 public secondary schools in the twenty (25) local government area of Delta state selected from the three senatorial districts. The stratified random sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 1475 respondents from three senatorial districts of the state. The instrument used for the study was self-developed questionnaire titled “Influence of Teachers Development on the Quality of Education Questionnaire” (ITDQEQ) which contains 66 items and West African Examination Council Results of 2018and students’ performance in the external examination. The research questions were answered using mean (?) scores and standard deviation. Based on the result from the analysis, it was concluded that that teachers’ professional development and induction, enhance students’ performance in external examination in Delta State. The study recommend that, principals and Parent Teachers Association (PTA) should encourage teachers to participate in any professional development that will bring positive influence on quality of education.
Ecosystem Management Framework for Overcoming the Challenges of Public Sector Innovation
Dr. Petra Jeffery
This paper proposes a framework for overcoming the identified coordination and orchestration challenges in public sector innovation. Public sector driven innovation is essential for socio-techno-economic development on municipal and national level, as well as for the coordination of public and private sector interests in these paradigm changes. It is also essential for the implementation of national innovation and economic development strategies, empowerment of local business, and engagement of citizens. In our deductive review of earlier research we found that public sector innovation challenges are mainly related to organizational, interaction based, interest driven and context related challenges. Apparent research gap was identified in the holistic approach to overall management of these multi-stakeholder initiatives. We apply an ecosystem approach to public sector innovation, and propose a management framework for the implementation of public sector innovations as instruments to implement innovation policies. Building on earlier research and a representative case study, the paper presents a model for early user and broad stakeholder engagement in the strategy process, from the definition of shared national vision and innovation priorities, to the clear articulation of role division, collaboration models and initiatives in the implementation of the strategies. This ultimately involves the transformation of the ecosystem dynamics, and proposed best practices to manage this transformation. This paper contributes to contemporary research on public sector innovations and ecosystem innovation management literature.It further presents a representative case study for validation and further elaboration of literature based classifications of public sector innovations.The paper’s key epistemic contribution is adding evidence to the body of research in public sector innovation. The practical contribution comes in form of managerial recommendations for public policy makers through more clarity on this transformation process with typologies of actors, motives and management practices for ecosystem based co-creation.The limitation of the paper is that it is based on a single case study. This limitation is overcome by rigorous methodological approach to data collection and strong benchmarking with the best in class public sector innovation hubs word wide.
Road traffic accident casualties and safety culture on Nigerian roads: the way forward
Atubi, Augustus Orowhigo (Ph.D.)
Nigeria, Africa’s largest country and economy by population and gross domestic products (GDP), loses as much as three percent of her GDP to road crashes. Growing vehicle ownership and rapid urbanisation across the continent are factors which have increased the incidence of road accidents. World Bank, has underscored the significance of reducing road traffic deaths and injuries as that would result in substantial long-term income gains for Nigeria and other low and middle income countries. Apart from the human losses that accident brings, road accidents are not economically sustainable. Studies estimate that road accidents come at a cost equivalent to about 3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in countries with a high GDP per capital. Nigeria loses about 80billion naira annually to road accidents. Of all subjects that are involved in road traffic accidents in Nigeria, 29.1 percent suffer disability and 13.5 percent are unable to return to work. It has been projected that road traffic injuries will be the second most common cause of disability – adjusted life year loss in developing countries by the year 2030.
An exploratory study using the first-person role-playing game Tattva Bhoomi to improve learning in middle school children:A quasi-experimental study
Chaitanya Solanki and DJ. Mathew
The advent of new technologies has revealed their pervasive nature, which has created a need for interactive content that utilizes the potential well. Digital games for education are such content that can be defined as learning applications that apply themselves to impart not just knowledge, but entertainment as well. The effective development of educational games is of utmost importance as the gaming and education industry hold in themselves vast swathes of untapped opportunities. Especially in India, where both the domains are now growing significantly. The gaming industry has been projected to grow to 169 billion INR in 2025 (1), while edtech (educational technology) is estimated to reach 780 billion INR by 2025 (2). This reveals the need for tools that can utilize the combined potential of edtech with gaming in India. The following research describes the development and testing of the game-based learning application Tattva Bhoomi that ties in with the above discussion about the edtech sector and the gaming industry. Chemistry is a subject with nuance and unique characteristics, which can potentially be improved with a technology-oriented approach that supports conventional learning in class. Tattva Bhoomi is a game-based learning application (GBL) developed to teach students about concepts primarily from chemistry but also provides secondary information from other subjects such as geography and social science. The paper is composed of two parts where the first section describes the iterative development of the game within the context of the design criteria generated by Solanki and Mathew (2021) for effective educational and multimedia development of games (3). The second section describes the use of a single group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design to report on the effectiveness of this GBL on 38 school students between the ages of 11 and 17. The data on understanding elemental concepts of chemistry were collected using a 14-item questionnaire and the analysis was performed through a paired sample t-test method. The results gained through the analysis shed light on the effectiveness of using educational games-based applications as support structures within the modern classroom to enhance learning.
Effect of strategic thinking on performance of small and medium enterprises in Nigeria: empirical approach
Onoriode, Omorho Humphrey (Ph.D) & Agbele, George (Ph.D)
The study examined Strategic Thinking and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in South-South Nigeria. In our contemporary business environment, there is still a widespread agreement that strategic thinking is important for efficient management of firms (big or small, private or public), but it is absent or at best lacking. The wrong conception and bias mind of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) owners over the years toward strategic thinking, arguing that the practice is for multinational organizations; was the motivating factor for this research. The objectives of this study were basically to investigate the effect of cognitive ability, forecasting and creativity ability on the performance of small and medium enterprises. The descriptive survey design was used for the study. The population of the study was 8,119 stationery stores that are registered with Corporate Affairs Commission and Ministry of Commerce and Industry of their respective states. Instruments used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was checked for reliability using pilot survey method. 366 copies of questionnaire were administered to the respondents; selected SMEs (stationery dealers) with 92.20% (352) response rate were obtained. The hypotheses were tested using regression method, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Statistical values of 0.026, 0.431 and 0.665 for cognitive ability, forecasting and creativity ability were obtained respectively at 5% (0.05) level of significant. The results of the analysis revealed that the performance of SMEs is dependent on strategic thinking (ST) variables; forecasting and creative ability, except cognitive ability which insignificantly influenced SMEs performance in the area under study. Based on the findings, the study concluded that forecasting and creative ability have positive and significant relationship with SMEs performance while insignificant relationship exists between cognitive ability and performance of SMEs. The study recommends among others; that there should be brainstorming among SMEs business owners because the free flowing energy generated by the team becomes the genesis of ideas that produce useful results. Furthermore, employers should ensure that there is inclusion of employees in the planning process as this greatly create positive impression in the mind of employees that encourages positive thinking that open doors for job satisfaction. In addition, SMEs business owners should strategically and continuously scan the business environment for effective utilization of business opportunity towards achieving set goals.
Adult and Nonformal Education Projects for Marginalized Groups: A Comparative Study of Ethiopian and International Experiences (Algeria, India, and Mozambique)
Teshome Gudissa Degu Ph.D.,
Girls and women should attend school because it frequently has advantages that go beyond the girl's own life and her formal education. Even though everyone has the right to an education, many Ethiopian girls and women did not have time or access to a basic education when they were younger. In the past fifteen years, numerous adult and non-traditional education programs have been put in place to address these issues. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to discuss lessons Ethiopia can share and learn from the world concerning adult and nonformal education projects. To achieve this objective, a comparative methodology based on secondary data sources was used. Four projects were chosen as a sampling from Ethiopia for experience sharing and three adult and non-formal education programs of women and girls were taken as a sample from abroad to learn from their success and to pass on experiences to Ethiopian practitioners and policymakers. The findings of the study show that gender and development-related policies and strategies have contributed a lot to recent nationwide adult literacy and nonformal education activities/initiatives in Ethiopia. Moreover, by identifying several important areas of concern and implementing education projects, Ethiopia has made a great effort to close the gender gap in education and development. As a result of adult and nonformal education programs, girls and women were able to develop many qualities that enable them to live meaningful lives in society. From the three adult and nonformal education projects in India, Algeria, and Mozambique, the following beneficial lessons are also drawn: linking adult and nonformal education projects and development; using local language in adult and nonformal education programs; developing strategies to overcome government bureaucracy; and organizing advocacy for celebrating the outcomes. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended the proper adaptation of lessons drawn from other countries to the Ethiopian scenario.
Socio-cultural Challenges and Benefits of Nigerian Vocational and Technical Education: Empirical Evidence from South-eastern Nigeria.
Dr. Jude Daniel Amakaino Utoware & Dr. Mrs C. A. Onojaife
The study investigated the socio-cultural challenges and benefits of Nigerian vocational and technical education (VTE) using empirical evidence from South-eastern Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted in carrying out the study. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the 415 respondents for the study. An instrument for data collection for the study was a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher titled: “Socio-cultural Challenges and Benefits of Nigerian VTE Questionnaire”. The instrument was validated by experts and a Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.923 was achieved for the instrument. Out of the entire 415 copies of the questionnaire administered to the respondents, 403 were completed and returned representing which were used for the study. The data collected were analysed using mean and t-test statistics. The results of the study identified 18 socio-cultural challenges of VTE, 13 specific benefits of Nigerian VTE and 8 strategies for boosting the societal perception of Nigerian VTE. There were no significant (p<0.05) differences in the mean ratings of the responses of VTE lecturers and instructors on the socio-cultural challenges and benefits of Nigerian VTE. Though, the result revealed a significant (p<0.05) difference in the mean ratings of the responses of vocational and technical education lecturers and instructors on strategies for boosting the societal perception of Nigerian VTE. The study among others recommended: increased awareness of the importance and significance of vocational and technical education in nation-building to ensure more enrolment of youths in vocational and technical education programmes in Nigerian tertiary institutions and improved advocacy by various action groups in the education sector for improved government attention and spending on Nigerian vocational and technical education.
Determination of Design Features in Child Minders Clothing in Nigeria
Azonuche, Juliana EgoOkoruwa, Juliet Obiageli Ogbonyomi, Omolara Bosede
This paper describes the task-related design features in developing prototype for child minders. Clothes that are presently used in child care tasks do not meet the users’ needs in performing activities. This makes their task more difficult to carry out while comfort, health and safety are not guaranteed. Therefore, this work aims at identifying task-related design features and developing prototype functional child minders clothing that would facilitate child minding tasks, minimize work hazards while ensuring comfort, protection and safety of this children and users. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents. Questionnaire and body measurement were used to collect data and analyzed with mean, percentages and Chi –square. Users were involved in the process of prototype development. The design was tested to assess appropriateness and modified for final fitting.
The Effect of Cultural Factors onSustainable Food Consumption in Nigeria
Chioma Dilichukwu Ifeanyichukwu .
Food consumption is very important in the health and well being of individuals in an economy.The study illustrated the effect of cultural factors such as religion,customs and tradition; consumer habits on sustainable food consumption. Data were collected from 940 households in study with the help of a well structured questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to test for the significance Nigeria for this of the effect of the identified variables on sustainable food consumption.Results revealed that gender played a role in sustainable food consumption. Women were seen to eat more of pastas, milk, cheese, bread than men. Results also showed the significant effect of the afore mentioned cultural factors in Nigeria.All Cultural factors (Religion, customs and tradition, and consumer habits) were seen to be significant, thus, has a great effect on sustainable food consumption. It emphasized the critical importance of taking these cultural factors into consideration and developing strategies for modifying food consumption practices.The study recommends government efforts through policy initiatives to facilitate, enhance and support local food consumption.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Performance: with mediation of Green Supply Chain Management: Reference from Select Ethiopian Manufacturing Industries
Mulatu Masresha Mekonnen Professor. M. Sandhya Sridevi Professor. M. Uma Devi
The impact of corporate social responsibility on organizational performance was investigated using green supply chain management as a mediator. The study used an explanatory research design. Furthermore, using a stratified random sampling technique, data were collected from 138 Ethiopian manufacturing companies involved in the leather and leather products industry, textile and garment industry, and cement industry. Data were collected via questionnaires from top-level and middle-level managers and analyzed using PLS-SEM to determine the causal relationship between constructs. The finding showed that corporate social responsibility has a significant and direct positive effect on environmental performance while its effect on operational performance was negligible. Moreover, green supply chain management partially mediates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and environmental performance. Besides, corporate social responsibility affects operational performance only through the adoption of green supply chain management practices (full mediation). As a result, primary stakeholder-based corporate social responsibility practices have a significant impact on organizational performance via the effective implementation of green supply chain management practices.
The Impact of Perceived Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment and Employees Work Role Performance: A Study on Selected Ethiopian Public Universities Found in Amhara Regional State
Dr. V. Krishna Mohan, PhD & Gizachew Tilahun Demsie
This research paper was aimed at examining the effect of transformational leadership style on the employees work role performance and organizational commitment. It also examines the mediating effect of organizational commitment in the relationships between transformational leadership style and employees’ work role performance. A quantitative explanatory research approach was followed whereby 386 survey questions were distributed to a randomly selected academic staff members in seven selected Ethiopian public universities found in Amhara Regional State. The required data were collected by use of multi-factor leadership questionnaire (MLQ), organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ) and work role performance questionnaire (WRPQ) which are standardized questionnaires adopted from respective literatures. Analysis was made by using partial least square structural modelling (PLS-SEM) with the help of SMARTPLS4. The results revealed that transformational leadership style has statistically significant positive impact on the academic staffs’ work role performance in the selected public universities. Transformational leadership style was also found having statistically significant effect on the academic staffs’ organizational commitment. Finally, the mediation analysis indicated that organizational commitment plays a partial mediation role in the relationships between transformational leadership style and academic staff’s work role performance.
Managing Universal Basic Education for Value Re-Orientation in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Adesua Veronica Olobunmi PhD1 Shaibu Leonard PhD2 Adeleke Foluso Florence PhD 3 & Idoko Eberechukwu Joy Obetta PhD4
Problem: The study examined the management of universal basic education for value re-orientation in Ekiti state of Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to ascertain problems encountered and strategies to be adopted in the management of UBE for value re-orientation in Ekiti state. Two research questions guided the study. Methodology: Descriptive overview research was taken on 200 staff including the executives' staff and strict instructors were purposively tested. UBE Value Re-Orientation Questionnaire (UBEVRQ) served as an instrument. Examination of data was finished utilizing mean and standard deviation. Findings: Examination of information uncovered that the administration of UBE experienced issues amongst others as a politicization of instructive arrangement, insufficient arrangement of assets to buy observing gadgets like Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras on the school compound. Methodologies, for example, satisfactory arrangement of assets to training as well as rejuvenation of significant worth instruction in optional school educational programs were uncovered. Conclusion: It was inferred that quality worth re-direction (re-orientation) cannot be completed without viable administration of UBE by the government. It was suggested in addition to other things that genuine independence with occasional checking ought to be given to UBE as part of training in Nigeria.
Employee Engagement and Organizational Commitment in the Local Government Service Commission
Imasuen, Osasere Festus
This study empirically investigated employee engagement and organizational commitment in Delta and Bayelsa local government service commissions. Employee engagement was disaggregated into organizational learning, organizational communication, and job empowerment. The study was built on Social Exchange Theory (SET). The study adopted the cross-sectional survey design. The target population for the study consisted of thirty-eight thousand, eight hundred and ninety-eight employees of Bayelsa and Delta states Local Government Service Commissions. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamani formula while the sampling technique was stratified random sampling. The sampling size was three hundred and ninety-six (396). The reliability of the instrument was determined by using the Cronbach Alpha Statistic which yielded a coefficient of 0.88 (88%) for organizational learning, 0.68 (68%) for communication, 0.77(77%) for job empowerment, and 0.76 (76%) for organizational commitment. The Path Analysis was used to determine the causal and direct effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable The study revealed that Organizational learning, Organizational communication, and Job empowerment have direct positive effect on organizational commitment while only Organizational learning, and communication have significant effect on organizational commitment in Delta and Bayelsa states local government service commissions. Among the recommendations is that Local government councils in Nigeria should promote an effective learning environment to improve staff commitment to their councils.
Models for the Sustainability of World Bank-Assisted Development Projects in Nigeria
Echeme, Ibeawuchi Ifeanyi1 Okwara Ihuoma, Deborah2 Okangba, Stanley3
Issues: The sustainability of World Bank-assisted development projects in Nigeria is very low.This has affected the socio-economic development of the country and the wellbeing of the citizens. Insecurity, training, ownership, funding, etc. were highlighted as constraints. Methods: The study objectives areto: determine the key elements that constrain the sustainability of World Bank-assisted development projects in Nigeria; ascertain the variables that contribute to the sustainability of World Bank-assisted development projects in Nigeria. The study used descriptive Survey design. Primary data were collected via the Questionnaire. Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Analysis of Variance were adopted in analyzing the collected data. Findings: The study results show that: funding is the only element that can constrain the sustainability of World Bank-assisted projects; Users training, research consideration in policy making, funding, ownership, project monitoring, sustainability costs, insincerity and insecurity level contribute to the sustainability of World Bank assisted development projects in Nigeria. Conclusions: Sufficient and steady funding, because funding is like an oil that removes clogs in the wheel of sustainability of projects; The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) and the World Bank should put more efforts on Research & Development (R&D) to fashion out the best method that will improve the rate of implementation and sustainability of development projects for national development; and strict implementation of Community Driven Development approach as contained in the World Bank Project Implementation Policy and Programmes is advocated. However, the study generated Fisher’s Discriminant models to serve as the Project Sustainability Profile (PSP) for the sustainability management of the World Bank-assisted projects in Nigeria and the conceptual framework was modified based on the findings made in this study.
Ethnomedicininal Profile and Bioactive Compounds of Loranthus Species
Subhashini Kuramana, Gaddeyya Gandipilli, and P. K. Ratna Kumar
Climate change, the loss of biodiversity, the depletion of plant resources and deforestation due to anthropological activities threaten human life in the areas of food security, health and sustainability. The overpopulation of developing countries and natural and manmade disasters demand the need for medicinal resources from plants for human health. Mistletoes are a specialised group of plants commonly known as parasitic flowering plants. Apart from their parasitic nature, they are considered tremendous medicinal herbs worldwide due to the health benefits of their ingredients or phytochemical constituents. The present study attempted to review ethnomidicinal aspects of a total of five mistletoes, such as Loranthus parasiticus Mirr, Loranthus longiflorus Desr (Dendrophthoe falcata), Loranthus ferruginus (Scurrula ferruginea Danser), Lonathus micranthus Linn, and Loranthus europaeus Jac., that belong to the family Loranthaceae. The phytochemical constituents of Loranthus species and their activity as folk remedies or traditional usage are also systematically represented. The study enlightens the distribution, traditional uses, and important bioactive compounds of selected mistletoes for further research.
First report on seed biology of Mango Mistletoe Dendrophthoe Falcata (L.f) Ettingsh
Subhashini Kuramana, Gaddeyya Gandipilli, and P. K. Ratna Kumar
Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh., a mango mistletoe, is a parasitic flowering plant in the order Santalales. Even though it is a native flora of the Indian subcontinent, there is no sufficient data on the seed germination and seed dispersal of D. falcata in India. Because of the unusual mode of existence, unique physiological characteristics, haustorial system, parasitic characteristics, floral characteristics, seed dispersion mechanism, plant-parasite interactions, mutual interactions with frugivorous birds, and the wide host range of D. falcata has attracted the curiosity of botanists, agronomists, gardeners, and researchers. Considering the importance of mistletoe management in horticulture, the first comprehensive study on the seed biology of D. falcata was attempted in coastal Andhra Pradesh, especially in Vizianagaram District, where the fruit market loses its returns due to this parasitic weed.
Impact of internal insecurity on foreign direct investment in Nigeria
Obasanmi, Jude & Ogbeifun, Monday
Insecurity has become a global issue but the level of insecurity in Nigeria is alarming that the rate of lives lost on daily basis is unprecedented thus, the need to investigated the impact of internatal insecurity on foreign direct investment in Nigeria. The study was guided by four objectives. The study was built on Relative Deprivation Theory of Insecurity. The study spanned from 1999 to 2021. Data was sourced through the secondary sources from CBN, International Financial statistics (IFS), Statistical bulletins etc. The descriptive statistics and Distributed Lag regression analyses were used for the analysis. The ADF and cointegration were used to determine the stationarity and long-run relationship among variables. From the study, it was established that insecurity has negative and significant impact on FDI inflow into Nigeria. The study recommended that that government at all levels should as a matter of urgency address this insecurity in the country as it is the primary function of every government as enshrine in the constitution to protect lives and properties.
Prediction of terrorist activities in Nigeria using machine learning models
Olufemi A. Odeniyia, Mabel E. Adeosunb* and Tayo P. Ogundunmadec
Problem: Terrorism continues to be one of the most important threats to today’s civilization. The different forms of terrorist attacks in Nigeria in the recent times are Boko-Haram attack, Fulani/Herdsmen attack, Inter/Intra-group conflicts, robbery and lack of intentionality. In order to curb or reduce these activities in Nigeria, there is a need to develop models that can be used to understand these terrorists’ activities and prevent or reduce future occurrences. Objective: The aim of this work is to predict terrorist activities in Nigeria using machine learning models (MLM). Methods: The data used in this study was gathered from the daily terrorism incidents throughout Nigeria. The data consist of the different kinds of attacks, the success and the suicidal rates of the attacks and the different levels of weapon types used during the attacks. The targets or victims of the terrorist attack, perpetrators information, casualties and the incidents’ consequences were also the highlights in the database. A Heterogeneous Neural Network(HETNN) model was used and its performance was compared with five other MLM namely: Logistic regression (LR), Support Vector Machine(SVM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Boosting and Random Forest classification models. Findings: The results show that HETNN performs better in prediction compared to the other models. It was also discovered that in determining the success of a terrorist attack, the factors to be considered in order of importance are the number of perpetrators, attack type, type of weapon, the type of victims targeted, and the state of the incidents. Conclusion: The information provided in this work will help the Nigeria government and the security agents in combating insecurity issues in the country.
Accounting Profession, Public Interest Obligation and Corporate Failure: An Empirical Review
Akinrinola, Olalekan Oladipo1, Audu, Solomon Ibrahim2, Agbetunde, Lateef Ayodele3
Professional obligation to serve public interest by the accounting profession has witnessed mixed reactions from the general public. The accounting profession has been under criticism for their roles in many corporate failures based on the notion that the accounting profession does not carry-out their function with the interest of the public in mind rather than that of few stakeholders and the self-interest of the accountants. However, public interest has been an abstract notion with no clear definition of who constitute the “public” and what is the criteria to measure their “interest”. This study examined the relationship and linkage between the accounting profession, its public interest obligation and evaluated the extent of accounting profession’s perceived obligation to the public interest in carrying out their assignments and the effect of a perceived compromised public interest obligation on corporate failures. The study adopted a content analysis review of relevant scholarly articles and pronouncements by regulators and the international and national accounting bodies. Findings revealed that the public, whose interests should be protected, constitutes all stakeholders who benefit from and have interest in the going concern operations of business entities and those who rely on the works of professional accountants. The study recommended that the professional accounting bodies and the regulators should adopt a continuous review of the codes of ethics and should be more proactive rather than been seen as reactive to public criticism in acting and making pronouncements on issues that bothered on accountants’ public interest obligation and corporate failure.
An investigation on the variables influencing the implementation of community-driven projects in Ethiopia
Dr. Thangarasu Velmurugan Dr. Mohd Shakil Mr. Ahmed Mahamud Bade Mr. Mohamoud Mohamed Nour Mr. Mustafe Abdirahman Abdi
The Community Driven Project is now a widely accepted Development strategy across the continent. It is a development strategy that focuses on delegating the identification, control, and management of development programs to members of the local community. This study was conducted in the Somali Region of Ethiopia with the main goal of identifying the key success factors for the implementation of community-driven projects in the Somali Region. The researcher employed a descriptive research design, and respondents were chosen through simple random sampling. The Statistical package for social scientists was used to analyze the data (SPSS). According to the study findings, the majority of respondents are aware of the concept of community driven development, but the majority of them are unable to identify the key characteristics of community driven development. This is due to the fact that the majority of respondents stated that they had not received CDD training. The study discovered some of the key factors that promote community participation, such as capacity building, the availability of structures for participation, the availability of resources, and the District Council's willingness to empower communities to manage community-driven projects.
Loan and Portfolio Management with Linear Programming for Risk-Averse Investors
1Williams, Harley Tega 2Atolagbe, Lanre Aderemi, 3Adeoye, Olumuyiwa O.
Investors are risk averse and are interested in minimizing investment cost to maximize returns. This study aims to demonstrate mathematical evidence using quantitative research design, stratified sampling to minimize loan and portfolio management cost for risk averse investors. We used the period of 2017-2021 financial ratios on a panel data of 10 firms derived from a population of 15 actively quoted credit and finance firms to build a linear programming model. This study reviewed that the application of linear programming on loan and portfolio management cost would yield an approximate optimal result. The results also show that risk averse investors would accept investment with low variance between expected cost of investment and returns. The results of this study do not reconfirm the validity of the efficient portfolio theories, Markowitz and modern portfolio theories, but align only to the field of operations research to validate investors’ interest on cost minimization and maximization of expected return for any given level of portfolio risk. The LINDO output result shows that 357.7000 value would be minimized for risk averse investors used in the study. Also, the result shows a reduced cost for NPL and PL of 22382.90 and 53444.44 respectively. No reduced cost for credit risk as the linear programming model was modeled with some assumptions to accommodate risk averse investors interest. The study therefore recommends quantitative and programming skills for researchers in financial institutions to build optimal portfolio models.
Influence of Lagos State Covid-19 Public Service Announcements on Lagos Residents
Ojobo Ogheneruemu Lucky & Ikpegbu Emmanuel O.U.
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, two weeks after the first case in Nigeria had been discovered in Lagos State. The State became the centerpiece of COVID-19 daily updates, heightening fear & fatality. Lagos State Government (LSG) was forced to impose restrictions on gatherings to a maximum of fifty persons as middle and lower level civil servants were directed to stay at home. There was obvious need for information and education on the pandemic. The Government rolled out several kinds of public service announcements (PSAs) to enlighten the people on the new norm. This paper examined the influence of Lagos State COVID-19 public service announcements on Lagos residents. It had two specific objectives and research questions, which were to find out residents familiarity and to ascertain the influence of LSG COVID-19 PSA on residents. The paper was grounded on the Social Cognitive Theory and adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 15.3 million. While a sample size of 390 was selected, cluster sampling technique was applied in delineating the residents. The questionnaire had eight items, designed in multiple choice formats, whereas data were presented in simple percentages. The paper found out that television was mostly employed for the PSAs and the PSAs made the resident more cautious about COVID-19. It was concluded that the seriousness with which PSAs are presented determines the amount of influence it will have on people. The paper recommended that the PSAs be sustained in the media.
Evolution of Saroj Veena: a folk Musical Instrument of North East India
Joyanta Sarkar & Dr. Anil Rai
There exist number of musical instruments in the world; each has its own melody and recognition techniques. Music is important to the Tripuri people of North-East India and Bangladesh since it is directly intertwined with their socio-social existence. The Tripuri clans' instruments and music claim their wealth and profundity of imaginations related with the entrance of the primary note. They often try to retain rhythm and tempo while travelling by hitting a drum. Tripuri's folk music is known as Tipra Bharat. The clan's music is as ancient as the clan itself, and it has continually served as a convention. Tripuri people tunes, like all other people melodies from other zones, are commonly shared among the general population. These tunes were composed by people whose personalities were unknown and overlooked during the start of their lives. Old customs, ideas, wishes, love, the evolution of jhum, collecting, festivities, convictions, superstitions, and so on all influence people's music. The musical theme has remained unchanged over time, and society tunes are still performed by people surprisingly and excitedly in their original form or with minor variations. Individuals from Tripuri undertake a variety of traditional rituals. As a result, after some time, the next generation no longer uses many of these technologies, and they are being phased out of the world. Many people in Tripuri are currently unaware of the names of such instruments or their presence. These instruments are not perceived by a substantial section of the younger generation. Some instruments are specifically designed to cause individuals to change their behaviour. In this paper we will discuss about the scientific structure, shape and playing method of sarojveena.
Alcohol drinking and driving: analysis of risk-taking behavior among commercial drivers in Lagos metropolis
Chinyere C. Okonkwo, Jonathan O. Odukoya, Ngozi A. Okeke, Gbolahan O. Pilot
Alcohol use by commercial drivers is becoming an issue of concern in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol use among commercial drivers in Lagos metropolis, to ascertain the relationship between alcohol use and risk-taking behavior, to find out the influence of age and marital status on risk-taking behaviour among this population. This was a cross-sectional study that included 112 commercial drivers. A self-administered questionnaire which consisted of the socio-demographic variables, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Risk-taking questionnaire (RT-18) was used to assess the participants. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics, chi-square, and two-three analysis of variance. The mean age of the participants was 43.3% (SD=7.61). The majority of them were males (99.1%), married (82.1%), and had valid driver’s licenses and a minimum of secondary school education (44.6%). The prevalence of alcohol use in this study was 50.9%. A considerable proportion (43.8%) of the participants were in the high risk-taking category. Participants who were high on risk-taking behavior demonstrated more problematic alcohol use. Age and marital status did not have any significant influence on risk-taking behaviour. There is a need to pay attention to this special population by introducing programs that aim at controlling alcohol use among commercial drivers.
A study of customer loyalty with ATM banking in commercial bank of Ethiopia
Sintayehu Ermias Lolemo and Dr. Hemal B. Pandya
Problem statement: People do not believe that they can go and collect money without talking to anybody: hence, instead of using ATMs, they prefer to go to bank premises to get the service Research design: In this research qualitative and quantitative research designs were used for structured and unstructured questions respectively to address the research's objective. ATMs (Automated Teller Machines) were introduced to automate banking operations and create a competitive advantage in the banking industry. Methodology: The sources of data for this study were primary and secondary data and primary data was collected via means of the usage of survey method. The total population of this study was 13,218 and the sample size was 388 customers. The collected data was analyzed via means the use of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regressions. The finding was revealed how much of customers were unswerving with ATM offerings from their bank ATM s. All ATM carrier excellent attributes related to technology changed into perceived, and service quality attributes associated with technology were perceived, and all attributes related to employee overall performance and management capability changed into perceived. Research Approach: This research focused on describing the current situation of the problem from the literature review and statement of the problem. Findings: The results of the survey show that more than half of the respondents had a significant impact on customer loyalty. In general, the attributes of the reliability and reliability dimensions that are perceived as superior performance are closely related to the performance of ATM technology, while the attributes related to responsiveness are perceived as not particularly good related to personal and administrative functions. Conclusion: All the SQ attributes adopted from empirical research are valid attributes of ATM SQ and all the five SQ dimensions are significantly associated with customer loyalty. Service quality performance under responsiveness dimension performing the least among the other service quality dimension. ATM banking performed the lowest in ATMs not out of order, employee effectiveness in solving ATM problem, employee speed in responding to ATM problems, returning fast swallowed cards, quick replacement of lost cards, accessibility of employee to solve ATM problems, easy access to ATMs, accessibility of wide range of service and number of ATMs per station.
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